Suchergebnisse

El present assaig examina alguns dels enfocaments crítics i teòrics en l'àrea dels estudis de la memòria històrica i de la identitat que han sorgit com a resposta als reptes culturals contemporanis resultants de les transformacions polítiques i socials que s'han esdevingut de manera global durant les darreres dècades. L'assaig es centra en el cas pràctic del paper de la memòria històrica en la formació d'identitats col·lectives en l'Espanya contemporània, en el període posterior a la dictadura i en la subsegüent transició política. L'estudi explora de manera concreta l'ús del trop dels fantasmes en la literatura i el cinema espanyols contemporanis com a forma simptomàtica l'espectralitat del passat col·lectiu reprimit. ; Este ensayo examina algunos de los enfoques teóricos y críticos del campo de la memoria histórica y los estudios sobre la identidad que han surgido como respuesta a los retos culturales contemporáneos resultantes de las transformaciones políticas y sociales que se han sucedido en el mundo en las últimas décadas. El ensayo se centra en un estudio práctico del papel que ha tenido la memoria histórica en la formación de identidades colectivas en la España contemporánea, el período post-dictatorial y la posterior transición política. Asimismo, este estudio explora, en particular, el uso del tropo de la aparición de fantasmas en la literatura y el cine español contemporáneos como una forma sintomática de espectralidad de un pasado colectivo reprimido. ; This essay examines some of the critical and theoretical approaches in the area of historical memory and identity studies that have emerged as a response to the contemporary cultural challenges that have resulted from the social and political transformations which have taken place globally in the last decades. The essay narrows its focus to a case study of the role of historical memory in the formation of collective identities in contemporary Spain, in the aftermath of the dictatorship and the subsequent political transition. This study explores in particular the use of the trope of haunting ghosts in contemporary Spanish literature and cinema as symtomatic form of spectrality of the repressed collective past.

Тематски Зборник Свакодневна култура у постсоцијалистичком периоду настао је као резултат научне сарадње Етнографског института САНУи Етнографског института и музеја БАН. Велике политичке и друштвене промене током деведесетих година 20.века озбиљно су се одразиле на свакодневну културу балканских земаља. Управо у периоду кризе, две суседне етнолошке установе, бугарска и српска, које више деценија током социјалисатичког периода нису сарађивале, отпочеле су заједнички рад на истраживању свакодневне културе. Зборник показује у ком правацу су се одвијали културни процеси у Србији и Бугарској, које су сличности и разлике међу њима, али и шта се дешава у постсоцијалистичком периоду у појединим сегментима свакодневне култура Словака, Руса и Македонаца. ; The Collection of Papers entitled ―Everyday Culture in post-socialist period is a result of collaboration between the Institute of Ethnography, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, and the Institute of Ethnography and Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. The enormous political and social changes during the 1990's influenced also everyday culture of the Balkans states. After decades of hinder, and precisely in the period of crisis, two neighboring ethnological institutions, the Bulgarian and Serbian, started to cooperate together in the study of everyday culture.The Collection of Papers demonstrates the directions of the cultural processes in Serbia and Bulgaria, accentuating the differences and similarities among the two states, and also explains the deeds within certain segments of everyday cultures of Slovaks, Russians and Macedonians. ; Зборник радова Етнографског института САНУ 22 / Collection of Papers of the Institute of Ethnography SASA 22

1. General Introduction -- 2. Status of Religious Communities -- 3. Relations Between the State and Islam -- 4. State Support for Islamic Religious Communities -- 5. Mosques and Prayer Houses (Masjids) -- 6. Cemeteries and Religious Burials -- 7. Education and Schools -- 8. Muslim Chaplains in Public Institutions -- 9. Employment and Social Rights -- 10. Islamic Ritual Slaughter and Food-Related Regulations -- 11. Islamic Dress -- 12. Criminal Law -- Bibliography -- Index.

Presentation of the dossier "From Munich to Paris (1938-1940). From the Spanish Civil War to the German New Europe"

En els darrers decennis s'ha incrementat la pobresa infantil a la gran majoria de societats avançades, i aquest fet causa profunda preocupació entre els defensors i activistes dels drets de la infància, alhora que una creixent inquietud entre els analistes polítics i socials. Les informacions sobre la pobresa infantil a Europa comentades al llarg d'aquest article es refereixen a dades de pobresa monetària o relativa. En parlar de pobresa relativa no ens referim a persones que siguin necessàriament pobres, sinó que la seva situació monetària es troba per sota d'uns determinats nivells en relació amb la mitjana del seu país o col·lectiu social. ; Child poverty has increased in most advanced countries over the last few decades, a fact that is deeply worrying to defenders and activists on the rights of the child, while at the same time there is growing concern among political and social analysts. Information on child poverty in Europe given throughout this article refers to data on financial or relative poverty. By relative poverty is not meant people who are necessarily poor, but to those whose financial situation is below certain levels in relation to the average for their country or social group. ; En los últimos decenios se ha incrementado la pobreza infantil en la gran mayoría de sociedades avanzadas, y este hecho está causando una profunda preocupación entre los defensores y activistas de los derechos de la infancia, a la vez que una creciente inquietud entre los analistas políticos y sociales. Las informaciones sobre la pobreza infantil en Europa comentadas a lo largo de este artículo se refieren a datos de pobreza monetaria o relativa. Al hablar de pobreza relativa no nos referimos a personas que sean necesariamente pobres, sino que su situación monetaria se encuentra por debajo de unos determinados niveles en relación con la media de su país o colectivo social.

The paper deals with the organizational model of political parties created by Italian political scientist Angelo Panebianco. For presentation of this, outside Italian academic discourse, an 'unknown' model is necessary to briefly describe the whole organizational theory and to introduce the review of this model. After that we examine the applicability of Panebianco's scheme on the structural transformation of communist political parties at the end of 1980s. This suitability will be measured on the case example of the Italian Communist Party (PCI). The PCI was historically the strongest and most influential communist party outside the Soviet bloc and that is why it is convenient to apply the organizational model to the organizational changes of the PCI during its transformation. We also define five main criteria of these changes and their compatibility with the Panebianco's model. Thus the main aim of this paper is to prove the suitability of the organizational model not only to the structural transformation of the Italian communists but using this case example also to the universal transformation of the communist parties in the western world. Adapted from the source document.

Currently, research, development and innovation is one of five areas that form the basis of the strategy Europe 2020. One of the basic indicators of evaluation of the R&D level in country is an indicator reflecting the share of gross domestic expenditure on R&D in the country's GDP. This indicator is used to monitor the achievement of the objective of the strategy, which is the EU to increase spending on R&D in 2020 to 3% of GDP. Therefore, the article deals with the issue of R&D in selected countries formulated in the strategy Europe 2020 in terms of the amount of expenditure incurred the above activities, the structure of expenditure to the GDP of countries and other partial indicators, which indicate differences in the R&D areas between analyzed and compared countries. Part of the contribution will predict the expected development of the indicator expressing the share of expenditure on R&D in GDP of countries in order to determine whether the targets set for each country are achievable by 2020.

It is clear from political science literature that political parties are not static entities. Similar to other political institutions, they tend to transform with time, in response to changes in their surrounding environment. If the economic, social, cultural and political parameters in society are to substantially change, it is possible to deduce a change in the role of a political party and its organisational structure. The transition from totalitarian to democratic societies in Central, and partially in Eastern Europe, presents a process so unique that one may legitimately question if this has not resulted in a serious modification of the catch-all party type. In the region of Central Europe, Czechoslovakia - and after 1993 the Czech Republic - presents a special case, where during political and economic transformation next to general features, specific factors were also enforced, which eventually influenced the set-up and formation of parties in their early stages. It is left to consideration and further scrutiny to decide whether the unrepeatable environment of the Czech-Moravian melting pot, has not cultivated the clientelistic form of political party. Adapted from the source document.

Per canviar de manera substancial les polítiques vinculades a la diversitat funcional cal fer visible aquesta realitat, problematitzar-la, desnaturalitzar-la i polititzar-la. Esdevé imprescindible trencar el cercle viciós dependència- infantilització: si són "naturalment" dependents són com infants, i a la inversa, si els veiem com infants és natural que siguin dependents. L'article recull tres experiències que apunten cap al canvi de paradigma: Yes, we fuck!, un documental sobre sexualitat i diversitat funcional, Assex, un grup d'autogestió d'assistència sexual, i Nexos, un curt de postporno queer-crip. ; In order to substantially change policies linked to functional diversity it is necessary to make functional diversity visible, problematize it, denature it and politicize it. It is essential to break the vicious cycle of dependency/infantilization: if these people are 'naturally' dependent they are like children, and vice versa: if they are seen as children it is natural that they should be dependent. The article looks at three experiences that point to the required paradigm shift: Yes, We Fuck!, a documentary about sexuality and functional diversity; Assex, a sexual assistance self-management group, and Nexos, a queer crip post-porn short film. ; Para cambiar de manera sustancial las políticas vinculadas a la diversidad funcional es necesario visibilizar esa realidad, problematizarla, desnaturalizarla y politizarla. Resulta imprescindible romper el círculo vicioso dependencia-infantilización: si son "naturalmente" dependientes son como niños, y viceversa, si les vemos como niños es natural que sean dependientes. El artículo recoge tres experiencias que apuntan hacia el cambio de paradigma: Yes, we fuck!, un documental sobre sexualidad y diversidad funcional, Assex, un grupo de autogestión de asistencia sexual, y Nexos, un corto de post-porno queer-crip.

'Writing is a process; the act of transforming thoughts into print requires a non-linear sequence of stages or creative acts' (James B. Gray, cited by Cassany, 1993). I would add that it is also the act of transforming experience. This article describes my own personal process of transformation in the experience and understanding of vulnerable employment - a slow, open, recursive and difficult process. The first, academic, section flows easily. Then things get harder. The auto-ethnography was the most challenging part. Firstly because it was a matter of personal reflection; then because of a having to strip naked, as it were. Finding a reasonably elegant and flexible way to link the two sections was demanding, and one of the objectives of the exercise was to reach a satisfactorily readable end result.