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Стаття присвячена 70-ти річчю від дня народження завідувача дитячого ортопедичного відділення Харківської обласної травматологічної лікарні, професора кафедри травматології, анестезіології та військової хірургії Харківської медичної академії післядипломної освіти Зеленецького І. Б. ; Статья посвящена 70-летию со дня рождения заведующего детского ортопедического отделения Харьковской областной травматологической больницы, профессора кафедры травматологии, анестезиологии и военной хирургии Харьковской медицинской академии последипломного образования Зеленецкого И. Б. ; The article is dedicated to the 70th birthday of the head of the children's orthopedic department of the Kharkiv Regional Trauma Hospital, professor of the Department of Traumatology, Anesthesiology and Military Surgery of the Kharkov Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Zelenetskiy I. B.

Стаття присвячена 70-ти річчю від дня народження завідувача дитячого ортопедичного відділення Харківської обласної травматологічної лікарні, професора кафедри травматології, анестезіології та військової хірургії Харківської медичної академії післядипломної освіти Зеленецького І. Б. ; Статья посвящена 70-летию со дня рождения заведующего детского ортопедического отделения Харьковской областной травматологической больницы, профессора кафедры травматологии, анестезиологии и военной хирургии Харьковской медицинской академии последипломного образования Зеленецкого И. Б. ; The article is dedicated to the 70th birthday of the head of the children's orthopedic department of the Kharkiv Regional Trauma Hospital, professor of the Department of Traumatology, Anesthesiology and Military Surgery of the Kharkov Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Zelenetskiy I. B.

Abstract This paper discusses the Brazilian postgraduate background through the National Postgraduate Plans (PNPGs). They comprise five plans developed from 1974 to 2011, the latest one being in force until 2020. It presents a reflection about the development of postgraduate programs in Social Work aiming to understand how much the changes and present demands, of neoliberal approach and highlighted in the latest PNPGs, affect Social Work activities, especially concerning the continuous search for quality, excellence and consolidation of an ethical-political-professional project.

AbstractDirectly or indirectly, medical practitioners influence health‐care policy and spending through their clinical decision‐making. As medical expertise and technology has grown, and patient choice has been empowered by the consumer movement, there are now many more medical interventions than can be accommodated in a finite national health‐care budget. We reviewed the Australian Medical Council, Medical School and Medical Specialist curricula. In Australia, medical students, doctors and medical specialists do not appear to have specific health economics education that would improve skills to select beneficial and cost‐effective care. We propose a framework for medical practitioner health economics education.

Historically, rurality and rural education have been marginalised bodies of knowledge in South Africa. The post-1994 era has seen an emerging government concern to address the continuing interplay between poverty, HIV/AIDS, underdevelopment, and underachievement in schools categorised as rural. To address these concerns, scholars in South African institutions of higher learning have conducted research on various issues on rurality and rural education. However, little is known of the focus of the various studies and the state of rural education and rural education research. Drawing on the Project for Postgraduate Education Research (PPER) from 1995-2004, the purpose of this article is to critically analyse the discourses underpinning rural education and rural education research in South Africa. The article focuses on three enabling assumptions. The first is that there is little research which takes as its primary focus rurality as lived experience worthy of scholarly reflection regarding how rurality influences social or specific education issues. Secondly, there is substantively more research in which rurality, or facets of rural life, is considered as context in which projects or studies are located. Such studies are conducted in a rural context without any intention of investigating rural issues or rural education issues, or explaining how rurality influences education in these rural contexts. Thirdly, there is a small body of research which takes as its focus social issues in relation to rural conditions. These studies focus on rurality not merely as the context of reflection, but as an active constituent of social conditions evident in rural life. Our analysis, focusing on postgraduate research in South African HEIs in terms of these assumptions, aims to continue a dialogue that leads to further understanding of the complexities of rural education and rural development.

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the regulatory legal acts influence on the development and operation of postgraduate educational system in Ukraine. There were highlighted the key items on regulation of issues regarding postgraduate education of employed and unemployed people of working age, normalization of ideas, aimed at personality development and self-realization in lifelong prospective, official recognition of adult education. There were chosen three national universities to demonstrate the positive effects of the instruments analyzed in the field of creation of circumstances for professional training of adults at formal and non-formal levels through realization of postgraduate training programs. Key words: legislation, adult education, professional training, adult student, higher educational institution ; Статтю присвячено аналізу впливу нормативно-правових актів на розвиток і функціонування післядипломної освіти в Україні. Висвітлено основні положення щодо врегулювання питань освіти зайнятого і незайнятого населення працездатного віку, унормування ідей, спрямованих на розвиток і самореалізацію особистості впродовж життя, офіційного визнання освіти дорослих. На прикладі вибраних вітчизняних ЗВО показано, що аналізовані документи у своїй сукупності дали можливість закладам вищої освіти створювати умови для професійної підготовки дорослих на формальному і неформальному рівнях через реалізацію відповідних програм післядипломної освіти.Ключові слова: законодавство, освіта дорослих, підвищення кваліфікації, дорослий учень, заклад вищої освіти

It is widely known that there is a dearth of education research in South Africa which takes as its methodological basis experimentation. The emphasis has been on educators' and learners' experiential understanding in the first decade of democracy after apartheid, when qualitative research predominated. The article investigates, first, the extent of experimental and quasi-experimental research designs. Second, we examine, drawing upon a sample of theses which self-report as experimental and quasi-experimental research, the extent to which such methodologies are actually deployed and with what success or efficacy. And, third, we interrogate the associations of experimental and quasi-experimental designs with particular disciplines within education. This article points out the problems with random assignment of participants into experimental and control group in educational settings. Most of the experimental research is concentrated in three institutions in the Gauteng Province, while there are six institutions where this methodology is not used. Also, the experimental designs are prevalent in the psychology of education discipline. This points, ultimately, to the lack of supervision capacity in the experimental designs in South African higher education institutions.

In October 2015, in as a whole to promote the world first-class universities and the first-class disciplines construction overall plan, the Chinese government proposed to speed up to build a group of world first-class universities and first-class disciplines (hereinafter referred to as "Double first-class").Since then, Chinese universities and colleges have begun to build a first-class university. The postgraduate education as the important carrier of Double first-class construction of universities, its quality and level is directly related to the success or failure of the university's Double first-class construction. Therefore, the current teaching mode and achievement of postgraduate education will change to adapt to the new demands and requirements of postgraduate education in the new period. Thus, as the main mode of teachers' teaching and students' learning, cooperative learning will help to train the postgraduates to conduct peer learning activities, realize their highly personalized and interactive learning activities and improve their cultivation quality and practice level. At the same time, in the postgraduate stage , cultivating the learning culture of postgraduate groups through cooperative learning, and finally form the postgraduate individual lifelong learning ability and quality, will be the latest demands and requirements of Chinese Higher Education development to postgraduate education in the new period, also be the ultimate goal of postgraduate education in Double first-class construction background.