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15 citation analyses in the soc sci's, representing res completed in the US & the UK, are compared & analyzed. Fields represented include pol'al sci, sociol, business admin, econ's, & educ. According to the findings of these studies, writers in econ's & in the applied fields of educ & business administration tend to draw their sources from a rather narrow range of subject fields. In the 'pure' soc sci's, about 90% of the references are from English language sources. This % rises much higher in the applied fields. Roughly 50% of the materials used by soc sci'ts are monographs as opposed to periodicals & other serials. Humanists apparently use a larger proportion of monographs, while natural sci'ts depend much more on periodicals. In age, about 50% of the references used by authors in soc sci are 10 yrs old or less. This age is slightly greater than that of literature used by natural sci'ts; & noticeably less than the age of sources used by humanists. Modified HA.

Following an introduction by Jesse Lemisch to Weisstein's classic work "Psychology Constructs the Female; or the Fantasy Life of the Male Psychologist," Weisstein examines some controversies raised by Alan Sokal in his parody of postmodernist ideas about science, "Transgressing the Boundaries: Toward a Transformative Hermeneutics of Quantum Gravity" (1996). It is contended that the social constructionism characteristic of the resurgence of US feminism in the late 1960s has been turned against women. Feminist psychologists have come to advocate a scientific view of women that separates them from the context in which they live. The importance of inquiry into the nature of power & how people resist it is stressed, as is the need for women to develop a collective resistance to oppose power & authority. Feminist psychologists are criticized for having shortsightedly abandoned the principles of social constructionism & rejected the scientific method as inapplicable to the study of gender & gender differences. B. Wolfe

Community self-help has gained increasing prominence in Cambodia, and elsewhere, as an urban poverty reduction strategy of non-government organisations and the state. Embedded in this approach are assumptions of 'community' as a site of cooperation and 'women' as an inherently cohesive social group with a shared identity. If such interventions are to be effective and inclusive it is critical to understand how the practices and discourses that underscore them interact with local struggles to produce new forms of power.A qualitative case study of an urban informal settlement in Phnom Penh involving multiple semi-structured interviews with 25 women residents and staff of a nongovernment organisation identified differing perspectives of how development interventions worked and what they were supposed to achieve. Divergent motivations for participation, the selves women constructed as distinct from the identities they were expected to perform by non-government organisation staff, parallel group membership pathways controlled by wealthier residents, and the silencing of violence experienced by women illustrated these cleavages. In response to these misalignments women found alternate ways to assert entitlement and subvert social power to further their respective interests.This thesis makes three arguments. First, that in this settlement development and aid were a both a struggle over redistribution of resources and a symbolic struggle over morality and entitlement. Second, that development adapted to social structures by entrenching the power of existing elites, while social structure adapted to development by creatingparallel discourses and modes of participation. Third, that women were both oppressed (by local authorities, men, landlords, and police) and oppressors (of each other). These themes have important implications for self-reliance groups that mobilise women on the assumption that economic marginalisation will shape collective identity. Gender-based group formation offers the potential to transcend and transform the exclusions that women in urban informal settlements encounter in their everyday lives. Attention,however, must be paid to gradients of power and social hierarchy within and across groups – beyond the state/citizen dyad – and an understanding of 'development' as embedded in everyday politics.

Abstract The concept "intranslation" was coined in 1992 to refer to the importation of foreign books into a national language via translation. Since then, the concept has travelled, and its meaning has expanded to describe other aspects of the international production, circulation and reception of texts, such as the symbolic and material spaces, capitals and practices involved in these processes. With the purpose of continuing to explore its explanatory power, in this article I argue intranslation has been the dominant process in Mexico's translation policies of the 20th century. I examine three intranslation projects supported and/or implemented by the Mexican government. The article is divided into two main sections. The first section outlines the concepts of translation policy, intranslation and extranslation. The second section begins with an overview of the evolution of the Mexican publishing field. This is followed by a description of three translation projects supported by the Mexican government and by the analysis of the evolution of the roles and values attributed to translation.

East German science fiction enabled its authors to create a subversive space in another time and place. One of the country's most popular genres, it outlined futures that often went beyond the party's official version. Many utopian stories provided a corrective vision, intended to preserve and improve upon East German communism. This study is an introduction to East German science fiction. The book begins with a chapter on German science fiction before 1949. It then spans the entire existence of the country (1949-1990) and outlines key topics essential to understanding the genre: popular literature, socialist realism, censorship, fandom, and international science fiction. An in-depth discussion addresses notions of high and low literature, elements of the fantastic and utopia as critical narrative strategies, ideology and realism in East German literature, gender, and the relation between literature and science. Through a close textual analysis of three science fiction novels, the author expands East German literary history to include science fiction as a valuable source for developing a multi-faceted understanding of the country's short history. Finally, an epilogue notes new titles and developments since the fall of the Berlin Wall.