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Also available as an e-book Private international law (PIL) problems have existed for centuries when people from various territories and religious and social groups engaged in mutual contacts. Some of the core issues of this discipline have been critically reviewed during the so-called conflicts revolution which took place during the twentieth century in the American academic literature and court practice. However it seems that not much discussion on methodologies of PIL has developed since then. This book, inspired by the Law and Economics approach, introduces the concept of efficiency into PIL, aiming to show new dimensions of traditionally important issues. First, this author challenges the traditional understanding that uniform law is always more desirable than PIL, and raises questions on the rationale and possibility of the unification of PIL. Second, territoriality has been understood to exclude PIL. This book clarifies why such understanding does not hold in the twenty-first century especially in the field of intellectual property, and argues that a one-sizefits-all model would not be appropriate in the context of cross-border insolvency

To that small band of faithful followers who are devoted to the unification of private international law, October 9 is a day to be commemorated with fetes and galas replete with jest and jollity. On that splendid day in 1986, the Senate of the United States by a vote of 98-0 gave its advice and consent to the ratification of four private law treaties:
the 1980 International Sales Convention;the 1980 International Child Abduction Convention;the 1975 Inter-American Convention on International Commercial Arbitration; andthe 1975 Inter-American Convention on Letters Rogatory with Additional Protocol.

Intro -- Table of content -- Authors -- About the Authors -- List of Abbreviations -- 1 Introduction - What is Private International Law? -- 2 The Sources of Private International Law -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The Hierarchy of the Sources of Private International Law -- 2.2.1 International Treaties -- 2.2.2 EU Rules -- 2.2.3 Domestic Law -- 2.3 Examples -- 3 Methods of Regulation of Cross-border Relationships -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Conflict-of-Law Method -- 3.3 Conflict-of-Law Rules -- 3.3.1 Characteristics of Conflict-of-Law Rules -- 3.3.2 The Structure of Conflict-of-Law Rules -- 3.3.3 Connecting Factors -- 3.4 Uniform Substantive Rules -- 3.5 The Relationship Between Uniform Substantive Rulesand Conflict-of-Law Method -- 4 General Part of the Procedural Law -- 4.1 Jurisdiction -- 4.1.1 Universal and Regional Legal Sources of Jurisdiction -- 4.1.2 PILA and the General Jurisdiction -- 4.1.3 Few Words about the Former PILA and PILA -- 4.1.4 Exemptions from the General Jurisdiction - Section 7 -- 4.1.5 Conclusion on the Jurisdiction -- 4.2 Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgements -- 4.2.1 Introduction -- 4.2.2 Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgements on the International Level -- 4.2.3 Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgements on the EU Level -- 4.2.4 Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgement under PILA -- 4.2.5 Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards under PILA -- 4.2.6 Conclusion on the Recognition and Enforcement -- 5 General Part of Conflict-of-Law Rules -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Qualification -- 5.2.1 Definitions and Terminology -- 5.2.2 Methods Generally Used for Qualification -- 5.2.3 Czech Regulation -- 5.3 Renvoi -- 5.3.1 In General -- 5.3.2 Czech Legislation -- 5.3.3 European Private International Law and Renvoi -- 5.4 Preliminary Question -- 5.4.1 Definition.

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- The Author -- Table of Contents -- List of Abbreviations -- General Introduction -- 1. Historical Development -- 2. General Principles -- 3. Nature and Scope -- 4. Special Characteristics of National Private International Law -- Part I. General Principles (Choice of Law Technique) -- Chapter 1. Sources of Private International Law -- 1. Domestic Law -- 2. Multilateral and Bilateral Treaties -- 3. Case Law -- 4. Customary Law -- 5. Public International Law -- 6. Doctrine -- 7. The Interpretation -- Chapter 2. Connection -- 1. Choice of Law Rules (Conflict of Laws Rules) -- I. Multilateral/Unilateral Conflict Rules -- II. Elements of a Conflict Rule -- III. Legal Consequences -- 2. Connecting Factors -- I. Nationality -- II. Domicile -- III. Habitual Residence -- IV. Simple Residence -- V. Lex loci actus -- VI. Lex rei sitae -- VII. Intention of Parties -- 3. Changes in Connecting Factors: Change of Lex Causae -- 4. Combination of Connecting Factors -- Chapter 3. Basic Terms -- 1. Characterization (Classification) -- 2. Preliminary Question -- 3. Renvoi -- 4. Ordre Public (Public Policy) and Other Exceptions -- 5. Evasion of Law -- Part II. Choice-of-Law Rules -- Chapter 1. Persons -- 1. Natural Persons -- I. Legal Capacity -- II. Name -- III. Nationality -- IV. Change of Gender (Transsexuality) -- 2. Juridical Persons -- Chapter 2. Obligations -- 1. Law of Contract -- I. Autonomy of Parties (to Determine Proper Law) -- II. No Choice of Law by the Parties -- III. Legal Forms of Contracts -- IV. Breach of Contracts -- V. Multilateral Treaties -- 2. Particular Contracts -- I. Contracts for Sale of Goods -- II. Employment Contracts -- III. Insurance Contracts -- IV. Consumer Contracts and E-Commerce -- V. Contract of Carriage -- VI. Leasing/Factoring/Franchising.