Suchergebnisse

Was macht Hilfebeziehungen - oder soziale Interventionen im Allgemeinen - so empfindlich gegenüber Missbrauch? Diese Probleme stehen in einer direkten Beziehung zum Wesen der Hilfebeziehungen. Der Kern dieser Beziehung besteht in der Ungleichheit und Asymmetrie zwischen dem Helfer und der Person, der geholfen wird, und ihrer Abhängigkeit vom Helfer. Asymmetrie ist die treibende Kraft hinter jeder sozialen Intervention und gleichzeitig ihr Schwachpunkt. Ein großer Teil der Tätigkeit der intervenierenden Partei besteht darin, mit dieser Asymmetrie angemessen umzugehen. Die Asymmetrie stellt hohe Anforderungen an die professionelle Einstellung des Helfers. Kann der Helfer in akzeptabler Weise mit Abhängigkeit umgehen? Ist er professionell versiert? Der Verfasser gibt einen Überblick über Gefahren und Fallen asymmetrischer Interventionsbeziehungen. Er verweist insbesondere auf die Bedeutung der Nähe von Hilfe und Macht. (ICEÜbers)

This paper explores the role of attraction in the initiation, development and maintenance of relationships. Building on the extant social exchange literature and incorporating recent work in the marketing domain, attraction in professional services is defined as the extent to which relational partners perceive past, current, future or potential partners as professionally appealing in terms of their ability to provide superior economic benefits, access to important resources and social compatibility. A conceptual model is developed that (1) posits the determinants of attraction as economic, social and resource-based, and (2) incorporates the proposed relationships between attraction, trust, commitment, interaction and accommodation/assimilation. The legal sector provides the context for the empirical research reported here. Specifically, the paper addresses relationships between barristers, solicitors and barristers' clerks. Findings on the determinants of attraction are presented and a data-driven model developed which substantially expands previous under-standings. This model presents the conditions for attraction, the lens through which attraction is viewed, and the elements of attraction. The paper concludes with a discussion of implications and directions for further research.

This paper describes an exploratory research effort to analyze and classify emerging operations management practices in US manufacturing. Using a survey of senior materials and operations management professionals in the United States, this study investigates manufacturers' supplier assessment practices, new product design and development practices, just‐in‐time practices, and quality practices. This study also identifies practices that share common variance‐covariance characteristics and to what extent the observed practices are linked to their underlying factors by means of exploratory factor analysis. Finally, bivariate correlation analysis is used to examine the relationships of the factors.

In the environment of business‐to‐business e‐commerce, both buyers and sellers are uncertain about their roles. Questions abound. What is the role of the Internet in buyer‐seller relationships, and what will be the interface between the Internet and the salesforce as information sources? Data collected from purchasing professionals suggest that traditional information sources, including suppliers' salespeople, are more useful than the Internet at the present time. Moreover, findings indicate that the Internet plays almost no role in supplier selection decisions and only a moderate role in ongoing buyer‐seller relationships. Additionally, in relationships characterized by high levels of information exchange, trust, cooperation, and/or adaptations, the Internet appears to play a less important role. Based on these findings, implications for practitioners and researchers are discussed.

Auch Professionelle sind Menschen: In diesem Beitrag wird mittels eines biographischen Interviews die komplementäre und widersprüchliche Beziehung zwischen Biographie und Beruf am Beispiel einer Krankenschwester untersucht, die als Sozialarbeiterin in einer Obdachloseneinrichtung tätig ist. Es werden die Verstehensschwierigkeiten thematisiert, die im Rahmen einer Fallstudie dieser Art entstehen. Diese Schwierigkeiten werden mithilfe zweier Konzepte diskutiert: dem des "defended self " und des "theory-in-use" in der sozialen Arbeit und Berufsausbildung.

English
This article considers the rise of the 'what works' policy agenda in the probation service. It presents case study data on a decade of change in one probation service area. The findings are that 'what works' has produced a change in the knowledge pool upon which professional practice is based. It has also had a significant impact on the social relationships of probation work. Such shifts in professional knowledge and social relationships have shaken pre-existing professional and organisational identities. However, 'what works' appears to have shifted rather than eroded professional boundaries, creating new divisions on which the profession might reconstruct itself.

Despite the benefits produced by traditional mentoring programs for political scientists at all career levels, it is stated that graduate students & junior faculty would receive additional advantages by establishing peer mentor relationships. Several shortcomings of traditional mentor programs constructed upon existing academic hierarchies are identified, eg, some graduate students & junior faculty encounter problems in accessing their mentors. Multiple reasons for encouraging graduate students & junior faculty to pursue peer mentoring relationships are provided, eg, students & junior faculty can share personal & academic difficulties with each other in an egalitarian context. Gail M. McGuire & Jo Reger's (2003) model for co-mentoring based on feminist principles is discussed to further illustrate the advantages of peer mentoring paradigms. It is also stated that peer mentoring is particularly helpful for racial minority & female graduate students & junior faculty. 18 References. J. W. Parker

Using an interdisciplinary and cross-cultural perspective, this study explores the dynamics of conflict and its resolution in a group of American professional organizations. The analysis is performed on a convenience sample of 318 professionals. The context for the study covers seminal studies on organizational conflict in national and international settings. Issues explored include the prevalence and intensity of conflict; relationships among power, cliques, and conflict; the use of non-professional decision criteria in professional decisions and their implications for conflict; and conflict resolution styles. The results point out several new directions that may contribute toward the development of a more comprehensive social-psychological theory of organizational conflict.