Suchergebnisse

The article analyzed the terms «professional competence» and «personal qualities» of a professional specialist and revealed the specificity of these concepts towards the future ecologists. Actuality of the personal traits formation of environmental experts that are associated with the specificity of their professional work and the environmental, economic and political situation prevailing today in our country. In this situation, the modern education should be focused on the development of the man's personality, revealing his capabilities, talents and formation of identity, self-realization. The main result of the study should not only be the formation of the professional skills through mastery of relevant knowledge and skills, but also the formation of the personality. The activity of an environmentalist occurs in dynamic, often unpredictable situations. In such circumstances, the successful one can be only a specialist who is able to think independently and creatively, generate original ideas, immediately make innovative and yet optimal decisions. Besides, the professional work in the area of environmental protection is inherently socionomic, associated with the necessity to work in a team, establish communication connections with colleagues and representatives of other professional groups, scientists and the public, and therefore implies the need for the ability to choose the best ways to communicate in a situation of interaction, build appropriate professional relationships. The author proved that the personal qualities are of great importance in the structure of professional competence of environmental experts. An essential key to a perfect professional activity of an ecologist is the presence of such qualities such as dedication, perseverance, determination, initiative, independence, self-control; willingness to communicate with people, ability to negotiate, discuss and defend his own position; ability to prevent and constructively solve interpersonal contradictions and conflicts; fairness and ...

The problem of the relationships between health professionals and patients is very relevant in medical ethics. Contacts of health care professionals and patients there every day and every time is unique and inimitable. Health professionals should not only conscientiously perform their duties to the patient, but also to struggle for physical perfection and mental health, to carry out preventive and sanitary-educational work, maintain medical confidentiality, to provide medical care to patients regardless of their race and national, political and religious beliefs and soon. ; Проблема стосунків між медичним працівником і пацієнтом дуже актуальна в медичній етиці. Медичні працівники і пацієнти контактують щодня. Медичний працівник повинен не лише сумлінно виконувати свої обов'язки щодо хворого, але й боротися за фізичну досконалість і психічне здоров'я людей, проводити профілактичну та освітню роботу, зберігати лікарську таємницю, надавати медичну допомогу хворому незалежно від його національної та расової належності, політичних і релігійних переконань тощо.

The problem of the relationships between health professionals and patients is very relevant in medical ethics. Contacts of health care professionals and patients there every day and every time is unique and inimitable. Health professionals should not only conscientiously perform their duties to the patient, but also to struggle for physical perfection and mental health, to carry out preventive and sanitary-educational work, maintain medical confidentiality, to provide medical care to patients regardless of their race and national, political and religious beliefs and soon. ; Проблема стосунків між медичним працівником і пацієнтом дуже актуальна в медичній етиці. Медичні працівники і пацієнти контактують щодня. Медичний працівник повинен не лише сумлінно виконувати свої обов'язки щодо хворого, але й боротися за фізичну досконалість і психічне здоров'я людей, проводити профілактичну та освітню роботу, зберігати лікарську таємницю, надавати медичну допомогу хворому незалежно від його національної та расової належності, політичних і релігійних переконань тощо.

Пріоритетним завданням та предметом особливої уваги української держави в період інтегрування у світові економічні процеси є забезпечення високого рівня професіоналізму фахівців, підвищення їх загальної культури, морально-етичних якостей. Потребує уваги система професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців, яка будується на принципах неперервної професійної освіти: гуманізації, гуманітаризації, демократизації, інтеграції, індивідуалізації. Оскільки моральні якості є однією із складових професійної придатності фахівців, на сучасному етапі з'являються нові тенденції формування професійно-етичних якостей. Розглядаючи моральні цінності й вимоги до формування професійно-етичних якостеймайбутніх фахівців соціальної сфери, автор у запропонованій статті наголошує, що саме моральні норми відображають специфічний характер соціально-педагогічної роботи. ; In the period of market relations and integration into the world economic processes acute need to ensure a high level of professionalism, improve their general culture, moral and ethical qualities is a priority and special attention of Ukrainian state. System of future professionals training is based on the principles of continuous professional education, humanization, democratization, continuity, integration and individualization. Caliber professional is a leading component of his professional life at the present stage, new trends in the development of professional and ethical qualities. The central object of social and educational work is the person, his needs, personality orientation in all manifestations of diversity, the future expert of social sphere should deeply understand regulators of the personality moral life, be able and ready to help, to do it qualified, friendly, patiently . Despite preferences, dislikes in relation to the other, the future expert of social sphere should objectively perceive the client and his attitude should be based on tolerance, tolerance, benevolence, and respect for his dignity. There are two layers of manifestation of moral regulators in professional relationships – at the level of external ethical standards of behavior, which is manifested, for example, in the human courtesy, tact and a deep inner understanding of moral categories and concepts that go into belief: ideas about good and evil, professional duty, and the like. In the proposed article the author examines the moral values and the requirements for the formation of professional and ethical qualities of future specialists of social sphere, proving their relationship and interdependence, as moral standards reflect the specific nature of social and educational work. The article notes that there are personal moral qualities that are valuable to social and educational work, namely: commitment, responsibility, justice, willpower, integrity, tact, tolerance, moderation, love for people, self-criticism. However, sociability, empathy, tolerance, care and observation and professional features are signs of professionalism. The degree of their manifestation indicates the level of their formation, which is manifested in a focus on the acquisition of ethical knowledge, skills, moral attitude to the professional duties.

The article analyzed the term «personal qualities» of a professional specialist and revealed the specificity of thіs concept towards the future ecologists. Actuality of the personal traits formation of environmental experts that are associated with the specificity of their professional work and the environmental, economic and political situation prevailing today in our country. In this situation, the modern education should be focused on the development of the man's personality, revealing his capabilities, talents and formation of identity, self-realization. The main result of the study should not only be the formation of the professional skills through mastery of relevant knowledge and skills, but also the formation of the personality. The activity of an environmentalist occurs in dynamic, often unpredictable situations. In such circumstances, the successful one can be only a specialist who is able to think independently and creatively, generate original ideas, immediately make innovative and yet optimal decisions. Besides, the professional work in the area of environmental protection is inherently socionomic, associated with the necessity to work in a team, establish communication connections with colleagues and representatives of other professional groups, scientists and the public, and therefore implies the need for the ability to choose the best ways to communicate in a situation of interaction, build appropriate professional relationships. The author proved that the personal qualities are of great importance in the structure of professional competence of environmental experts. An essential key to a perfect professional activity of an ecologist is the presence of such qualities such as dedication, perseverance, determination, initiative, independence, self-control; willingness to communicate with people, ability to negotiate, discuss and defend his own position; ability to prevent and constructively solve interpersonal contradictions and conflicts; fairness and responsibility; creativity; high level of ...

In the article the author attempt to analyze main points of development across the twenty-five years the existence of the system`s part of professional training for public servants, officials, local government officials – the network of the advanced training centers. According to the author, from the very beginning it developed paradoxically – sometimes before the creating regulatory legal acts, sometimes creatively applying its, improvising, each time – in accordance with local conditions, which eventually led to significant autonomy of decision-making centers and the uniqueness of their organization and activities. This diversity and widespread practice of self-resolution of many current issues have led to the high adaptability of the network to the conditions of constant change of the Ukrainian state and social cataclysms, flexibility. Thus, the centers, which were established as the continuation of the soviet "courses", for the most part became convenient platforms for civil communication and, to some extent, leaders in change in the system of public administration. This prepared them for the situation where the training system actually became open – due to the emergence of several new (international and Ukrainian) significant service providers with modern technologies and better funding conditions. The author claims that this is the challenge to the network of centers; the legislative regulation of new relations is not enough only. To successfully overcome the challenges and effectively using the resources of each center and the viability of the network as a whole, is proposing to implement previous intentions regarding cooperation, coordination of efforts, agreeing on the format of future relationships between centers.

This PhD thesis applies an interactionist framework to the study of journalism and journalists-sources relationships. The case study is based on a 3 years fieldwork in Brussels, among the journalits covering the European Union. A specific attention is given to institutional settings, carreers and labor. ; En 1965, une porte-parole de la Commission européenne avançait l'idée que derrière le Marché Commun de l'époque se cachait en fait une « formidable histoire de relations publiques ». Le 16 mars 1999, au moment de présenter la démission de son collège de commissaires face aux journalistes, Jacques Santer incriminait le « climat malsain » régnant dans la salle de presse pour expliquer ce fiasco. Que s'est-il passé entre les deux dates ? Comment comprendre le rôle joué par l'information dans l'histoire récente de la construction européenne à Bruxelles ? Ces deux questions forment la trame de la réflexion qui est menée dans cette thèse.Pour y répondre et comprendre comment se fabrique l'information européenne, il faut se placer au cœur de la relation entre les institutions européennes, en particulier la Commission, et les professionnels présents à Bruxelles pour produire et traiter cette information. La reconstitution ce que l'on peut dès lors appeler le « monde social de l'information européenne » est au centre de la thèse. Les principes qui organisent ce monde de l'information sont notamment lus à travers les lieux qui le constituent (la salle de presse de la Commission), les règles de son fonctionnement, les acteurs qui traversent ce monde et les carrières qu'ils y font, leur travail quotidien et les polémiques professionnelles qui les agitent.L'analyse de la régulation des « territoires » de l'information à Bruxelles montre d'abord que la situation actuelle est le fruit d'un long travail de construction mis en place depuis les années 1960. Elle se caractérise par la concentration dans cette ville de très nombreux professionnels de l'information et l'existence, à la Commission européenne, d'un véritable « ...

This PhD thesis applies an interactionist framework to the study of journalism and journalists-sources relationships. The case study is based on a 3 years fieldwork in Brussels, among the journalits covering the European Union. A specific attention is given to institutional settings, carreers and labor. ; En 1965, une porte-parole de la Commission européenne avançait l'idée que derrière le Marché Commun de l'époque se cachait en fait une « formidable histoire de relations publiques ». Le 16 mars 1999, au moment de présenter la démission de son collège de commissaires face aux journalistes, Jacques Santer incriminait le « climat malsain » régnant dans la salle de presse pour expliquer ce fiasco. Que s'est-il passé entre les deux dates ? Comment comprendre le rôle joué par l'information dans l'histoire récente de la construction européenne à Bruxelles ? Ces deux questions forment la trame de la réflexion qui est menée dans cette thèse.Pour y répondre et comprendre comment se fabrique l'information européenne, il faut se placer au cœur de la relation entre les institutions européennes, en particulier la Commission, et les professionnels présents à Bruxelles pour produire et traiter cette information. La reconstitution ce que l'on peut dès lors appeler le « monde social de l'information européenne » est au centre de la thèse. Les principes qui organisent ce monde de l'information sont notamment lus à travers les lieux qui le constituent (la salle de presse de la Commission), les règles de son fonctionnement, les acteurs qui traversent ce monde et les carrières qu'ils y font, leur travail quotidien et les polémiques professionnelles qui les agitent.L'analyse de la régulation des « territoires » de l'information à Bruxelles montre d'abord que la situation actuelle est le fruit d'un long travail de construction mis en place depuis les années 1960. Elle se caractérise par la concentration dans cette ville de très nombreux professionnels de l'information et l'existence, à la Commission européenne, d'un véritable « ...

Abstract. The article addresses the problem of loss of health of students and teachers in the school-wide environment. It is noted that this situation is caused by the cumulative effect of various educational and social factors, but one of the fundamental reasons is the lack of work orientation of future primary school teachers as a set of values and motives that determine behavior algorithms for preserving life, health and ability to educational process. Attention is drawn to the fact that a major problem in the context of the formation of future primary school teachers professional direction on occupational health there is a lack of professional orientation of the content from the "Occupational Safety in the field". Determines the professional-oriented content of training in "Occupational Safety in the field" based on the consideration of legislative and regulatory documents governing the preservation of life, health and efficiency of subjects of the educational process, negative production factors of the general school environment, possible activities of future professions, available scientific and methodological developments for the preservation of life, health and efficiency of the subjects of the educational process. The results are described of the study of the impact of professional orientation content of training in "Occupational Safety in the field" on the occupational orientation of future elementary school teachers in three areas: orientation on yourself (focus on direct reward and satisfaction, aggressiveness in achieving superannuation, irritation, desire for power); orientation on others (the desire to maintain a hundred relationships with people, an orientation to working together, including for the sake of communication itself, an orientation to social acceptance, dependence on a social group, the need for emotional relationships); orientation on the business (interest in solving professional problems, doing the best work possible, focusing on business cooperation, the ability to defend in the interests of the case their own opinion, useful for achieving a common goal). The positive influence of the vocationally-oriented content of the "Occupational Safety in the field" on the professional direction on occupational health of future primary school teachers is claimed. ; Анотація. У статті актуалізується проблема втрати здоров'я учнів та вчителів у шкільному загальноосвітньому середовищі. Зазначається, що така ситуація зумовлена сукупною дією різних освітніх та суспільних чинників, однак однією з основоположних причин є недостатня працеохоронна спрямованість майбутніх учителів початкових класів як сукупність цінностей та мотивів, що визначають алгоритми поведінки щодо збереження життя, здоров'я та працездатності суб'єктів навчально-виховного процесу. Звертається увага на те, що вагомою проблемою у контексті формування працеохоронної спрямованості майбутніх учителів початкових класів є недостатня професійна зорієнтованість змісту навчання з «Охорони праці в галузі». Визначається професійно-зорієнтований зміст навчання з «Охорони праці в галузі» на основі врахування законодавчих та нормативних документів, що регламентують збереження життя, здоров'я та працездатності суб'єктів навчально-виховного процесу, негативних виробничих чинників загальнооствітнього шкільного середовища, можливих векторів майбутньої професійної діяльності, наявних наукових та методичних розробок щодо збереження життя, здоров'я та працездатності суб'єктів навчально-виховного процесу. Стверджується про позитивний вплив професійно-зорієнтованого змісту навчання із «Охорони праці в галузі» на працеохоронну спрямованість майбутніх учителів початкових класів.

The study of quality in early childhood education requires that the concept of quality itself and the processes used to define quality requirements are investigated explicitly. Currently, there are two opposing approaches to quality. One approach considers quality as a normative and universal concept while the other regards quality as a subjective and contextually specific concept. In this study, we question the pertinence of these two approaches, going beyond this opposition by integrating dimensions that universally favor children's wellbeing in daycare and dimensions that are specific to cultural, socioeconomic and political contexts. This study is theoretically anchored in theeco-systemic model.The project is structured into two phases. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are employed. First, 103 structured interviews were realized in order to understand specific cultural values associated with quality services in early childhood out of home care in France.Results indicate that quality of adult-child interaction is rarely mentioned and priority is given to the determinant of these interactions. Educational dimensions of this relationship and meeting children's learning needs are rarely mentioned as constituent factors of quality. Specific aspects of the socioeconomic context and family politics in France clarify these results. On the basis of these initial findings, the second phase of research investigated 35 parent-professional relationships in daycare centers using questionnaires. Specifically, we examined the impact of their respective expectations and attitudes on the quality of their relationship. Person-centered cluster analyses were performed in order to identify mutual attitude profiles. Dyads were characterized on the basis of their expectations. Parent professional relationships were described using dimensions such as counseling, tutoring, parent supportive, confidential, professional service or parental satisfaction. Associations between these dimensions, parental stress, social support, ...

Nature conservation policies are founded on the mobilization of numerous scientists in multipleorganizations at different scales. In France, the scientific councils of protected areas are propitious places tostudy the relationships between science, society and nature. Participants in these councils confront theirknowledge, disciplines, professional points of view and representations to negotiate nature managementpractices. But these organizations were so far surprisingly little known. Drawing on science studies and thesociology of professional groups, this thesis proposes an ethnographic approach to analyze the effects ofinterprofessional relationships in different science regimes. The methodology combines ethnography ofalpine protected areas, quantitative surveys and a work on images and videos.The thesis proposes an overview of the scientific councils' organizations and missions in the sector ofenvironmental public action in order to understand their place in the expertise field. It documents the onstageand backstage role of these organizations in the making of nature conservation policies. It thendescribes the construction of interprofessional collectives at the interface between knowledge and action,between shifting boundaries. The development of an active relational context forms complex interactionalmodes oscillating between expertise and collaboration, between proximities and distances. Therelationships between scientists and practitioners produce adjustments to preserve the distance betweenscience and action and the impermeability of their boundary. Finally, the thesis invites to think about thepossible conjunction of different science regimes in order to open expertise processes to other kinds ofknowledge and legitimacy. ; Les politiques de la nature reposent sur la mobilisation massive de scientifiques au sein d'instances multiples et variées, oeuvrant à toutes les échelles. Dans les soupentes de l'action publique, des acteur·rices confrontent leurs savoirs, leurs traditions disciplinaires, leurs ...

National audience ; Marked by a history of deterritorialization and reterritorialization, family farms have been successively qualified as sectorial, productivist and then multifunctional, embedded in their territories or post-productivist. In order to understand the genesis of this model of " territorialized farm " , this paper proposes a geo-historical review of political and scientific debates on family farm over the last 50 years. Family farms thus appear as social entities redefined by the successive agricultural and rural development approaches. This analysis highlights the role of scientists in legitimating and defending the different models. While the analytical framework of farm systems is continuing to expand, such multiple and competing reclassifications could lead to confuse the actual object on the one hand and the socio-political project on the other. This tends to conceal life, professional and inheritance choices of the farmer and his family which are however at the center of the rationale governing family farm. ; Successivement agricole, sectorielle puis rurale, multifonctionnelle et territoriale, les débats sur l'exploitation familiale depuis 1960 sont traversés par une histoire de déterritorialisation et de reterritorialisation. À partir d'une relecture chronologique des débats scientifiques et politiques sur les modèles d'exploitation, cet article propose une analyse géo-historique rétrospective des enjeux actuels portés par « l'exploitation territoriale ». L'exploitation familiale se révèle ainsi comme une forme sociale saisie et requalifiée par les différents projets de développement agricole et rural. Les scientifiques jouent un rôle majeur dans ce travail de construction des légitimités sociales et politiques. Les cadres d'analyse de l'exploitation familiale s'élargissent mais ces requalifications multiples et concurrentielles prêtent à confondre l'objet et le projet politique et social. Elles masquent les choix de vie, de métier et les choix patrimoniaux de l'agriculteur et de sa famille ...

National audience ; Marked by a history of deterritorialization and reterritorialization, family farms have been successively qualified as sectorial, productivist and then multifunctional, embedded in their territories or post-productivist. In order to understand the genesis of this model of " territorialized farm " , this paper proposes a geo-historical review of political and scientific debates on family farm over the last 50 years. Family farms thus appear as social entities redefined by the successive agricultural and rural development approaches. This analysis highlights the role of scientists in legitimating and defending the different models. While the analytical framework of farm systems is continuing to expand, such multiple and competing reclassifications could lead to confuse the actual object on the one hand and the socio-political project on the other. This tends to conceal life, professional and inheritance choices of the farmer and his family which are however at the center of the rationale governing family farm. ; Successivement agricole, sectorielle puis rurale, multifonctionnelle et territoriale, les débats sur l'exploitation familiale depuis 1960 sont traversés par une histoire de déterritorialisation et de reterritorialisation. À partir d'une relecture chronologique des débats scientifiques et politiques sur les modèles d'exploitation, cet article propose une analyse géo-historique rétrospective des enjeux actuels portés par « l'exploitation territoriale ». L'exploitation familiale se révèle ainsi comme une forme sociale saisie et requalifiée par les différents projets de développement agricole et rural. Les scientifiques jouent un rôle majeur dans ce travail de construction des légitimités sociales et politiques. Les cadres d'analyse de l'exploitation familiale s'élargissent mais ces requalifications multiples et concurrentielles prêtent à confondre l'objet et le projet politique et social. Elles masquent les choix de vie, de métier et les choix patrimoniaux de l'agriculteur et de sa famille ...

National audience ; Marked by a history of deterritorialization and reterritorialization, family farms have been successively qualified as sectorial, productivist and then multifunctional, embedded in their territories or post-productivist. In order to understand the genesis of this model of " territorialized farm " , this paper proposes a geo-historical review of political and scientific debates on family farm over the last 50 years. Family farms thus appear as social entities redefined by the successive agricultural and rural development approaches. This analysis highlights the role of scientists in legitimating and defending the different models. While the analytical framework of farm systems is continuing to expand, such multiple and competing reclassifications could lead to confuse the actual object on the one hand and the socio-political project on the other. This tends to conceal life, professional and inheritance choices of the farmer and his family which are however at the center of the rationale governing family farm. ; Successivement agricole, sectorielle puis rurale, multifonctionnelle et territoriale, les débats sur l'exploitation familiale depuis 1960 sont traversés par une histoire de déterritorialisation et de reterritorialisation. À partir d'une relecture chronologique des débats scientifiques et politiques sur les modèles d'exploitation, cet article propose une analyse géo-historique rétrospective des enjeux actuels portés par « l'exploitation territoriale ». L'exploitation familiale se révèle ainsi comme une forme sociale saisie et requalifiée par les différents projets de développement agricole et rural. Les scientifiques jouent un rôle majeur dans ce travail de construction des légitimités sociales et politiques. Les cadres d'analyse de l'exploitation familiale s'élargissent mais ces requalifications multiples et concurrentielles prêtent à confondre l'objet et le projet politique et social. Elles masquent les choix de vie, de métier et les choix patrimoniaux de l'agriculteur et de sa famille ...

The travel sketchbook is an artistic and literary genre with multiple definitions. However, it has standardised characteristics when published which raise the issue of the publisher's role in the travel sketchbook definition. The question of this research is: to what extent does the editorial policy of an independent travel publisher reveal the travel sketchbook's artistic, literary and graphic conception and make it to a full editorial genre? The aim is to evaluate the gap between the author's travel sketchbook artistic conception and the processes by which the publisher adapts this conception to its own editorial policy.The methodology used was built on a five months internship in an independent travel publishing house, four semi-directive interviews and a literature about work sociology, as well as a body of research about the book genre question. The main results show that the publisher plays a preponderant role in the sketchbook definition and that it does not always answer to the authors' expectations. Despite the necessary professional relationship between the publisher, the graphic designer and the authors, it cannot always be egalitarian and thus cause disagreements. To a greater extent, the edited travel sketchbook is defined by rules that make it an staging of the travel sketchbook's manuscript. ; Le carnet de voyage est un genre artistique et littéraire qui connaît de multiples définitions. Pourtant, il revêt des caractéristiques standardisées dans l'édition qui posent la question du rôle de l'éditeur dans la définition du carnet de voyage. Il s'agit donc de se demander dans quelle mesure la politique éditoriale d'une maison d'édition indépendante de voyage permet de mettre en avant la conception artistique, littéraire et graphique du carnet de voyage et d'en faire un genre éditorial à part entière ? L'objectif de cette étude est d'évaluer l'écart qui existe entre la conception artistique du carnet de voyage par son auteur et les processus par lesquels l'éditeur adapte cette conception à sa propre ...