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The article deals with the problem of interpersonal relations in the works of Ukrainian and foreign researchers in terms of philosophy, psychology and sociology. The authors find that the researchers, studying interpersonal relationships, use a number of related concepts: "cooperation", "relationship", "attitude", "relationships", "communication", "interaction". The multi-aspect essence of the concept "interpersonal relationships" is analyzed. After studying various aspects, it is noticed that the concept of "interpersonal relationships" focuses on the emotional and sensory aspect of interaction between people and introduces a time factor and analysis of communication. Theoretical analysis of the scientific literature on forming interpersonal relationships of educational process participants at pedagogical higher education establishments highlighted the fact that there are two aspects, according to which researchers study interpersonal relationships: 1) humanization and democratization of the educational process and 2) interaction and relationships of subjects of the educational process. The authors outline and expand the system of interaction between the participants of the interpersonal relationships of the educational process at pedagogical higher education establishments. Based on the theoretical analysis of the formulated material, the authors introduce the definition of the "interpersonal relationships" phenomenon. The perspective directions for further researches are studying new approaches to active, tolerant and highly cultured personality of a future professional as well as harmonization of interpersonal relationships in the educational process at pedagogical higher education establishments.Key words: interpersonal relationships, personality, interaction of subjects, educational cooperation, interpersonal relationships. ; У статті проаналізовано проблему міжособистісних відносин у працях вітчизняних та зарубіжних науковців із погляду філософії, психології та соціології. Установлено, що дослідники, вивчаючи міжособистісні відносини, користуються низкою споріднених понять: «співробітництво», «стосунки», «ставлення», «взаємини», «спілкування», «взаємодія». Проаналізовано багатоаспектну сутність поняття «міжособистісні відносини». З'ясовано, що поняття «міжособистісні відносини» акцентує увагу на емоційно-чуттєвому аспекті взаємодії між людьми і вводить фактор часу і аналіз спілкування. Теоретичний аналіз наукової літератури з проблеми формування міжособистісних відносин учасників освітнього процесу педагогічних закладів вищої освіти засвідчив той факт, що існує два аспекти, за якими вчені досліджують міжособистісні відносини: через гуманізацію та демократизацію освітнього процесу та через взаємодію і відносини суб'єктів освітнього процесу. Окреслено та розширено систему взаємодії учасників міжособистісних відносин освітнього процесу у педагогічних закладах вищої освіти. На основі теоретичного аналізу сформульовано авторське визначення феномену «міжособистісні відносини». Установлено напрями подальшого дослідження, які полягають в обґрунтуванні нових підходів до активної, толерантної і висококультурної особистості майбутнього фахівця та гармонізації міжособистісних відносин в освітньому процесі сучасного педагогічного закладу вищої освіти.Ключові слова: міжособистісні відносини, особистість, суб'єктна взаємодія, навчальне співробітництво, міжособистісні взаємини. В статье проанализирована проблема межличностных отношений в работах отечественных и зарубежных ученых с точки зрения философии, психологии и социологии. Установлено, что исследователи, изучая межличностные отношения, используют ряд родственных понятий: «сотрудничество», «отношения», «взаимоотношения», «общение», «взаимодействие». Проанализировано сущность понятия «межличностные отношения». Выяснено, что понятие «межличностные отношения» акцентирует внимание на эмоционально- чувственном аспекте взаимодействия между людьми и вводит фактор времени и анализ общения. Теоретический анализ научной литературы по проблеме формирования межличностных отношений участников образовательного процесса педагогических высших учебных заведений показал,что существует два аспекта, по которым ученые исследуют межличностные отношения: через гуманизацию и демократизацию образовательного процесса и через взаимодействие и отношения субъектов образовательного процесса. Определена и расширена система взаимодействия участников межличностных отношений образовательного процесса в педагогических учреждениях высшего образования. На основе теоретического анализа сформулировано авторское определение феномена «межличностные отношения». Установлены направления дальнейшего исследования, которые заключаются в обосновании новых подходов к активной, толерантной ивысококультурной личности будущего специалиста и гармонизации межличностных отношений в образовательном процессе современного педагогического учреждения высшего образования.Ключевые слова: межличностные отношения, личность, субъектное взаимодействие, учебное сотрудничество. The article deals with the problem of interpersonal relations in the works of Ukrainian and foreign researchers in terms of philosophy, psychology and sociology. The authors find that the researchers, studying interpersonal relationships, use a number of related concepts: "cooperation", "relationship", "attitude", "relationships", "communication", "interaction". The multi-aspect essence of the concept "interpersonal relationships" is analyzed. After studying various aspects, it is noticed that the concept of "interpersonal relationships" focuses on the emotional and sensory aspect of interaction between people and introduces a time factor and analysis of communication. Theoretical analysis of the scientific literature on forming interpersonal relationships of educational process participants at pedagogical higher education establishments highlighted the fact that there are two aspects, according to which researchers study interpersonal relationships: 1) humanization and democratization of the educational process and 2) interaction and relationships of subjects of the educational process. The authors outline and expand the system of interaction between the participants of the interpersonal relationships of the educational process at pedagogical higher education establishments. Based on the theoretical analysis of the formulated material, the authors introduce the definition of the "interpersonal relationships" phenomenon. The perspective directions for further researches are studying new approaches to active, tolerant and highly cultured personality of a future professional as well as harmonization of interpersonal relationships in the educational process at pedagogical higher education establishments.Key words: interpersonal relationships, personality, interaction of subjects, educational cooperation, interpersonal relationships.

The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of the globalization processes on a modern city concept. To achieve this goal there have been used several methodological approaches, such as: the analysis of the publications of the classics of sociology and the materials of modern studies on globalization; analytical method aimed at study how deep the theme has been worked out, in particular, by the Ukrainian scientists; a system method directed at the research of the Ukrainian and foreign scientists thematic materials; and a method of comparative analysis. Traditionally the development of the city presupposed the observance of the professional and political stratification principles. That is why the place of residence was often considered to be the dominant feature of the individual professional stratification. According to the results of the study, the following conclusions can be drawn. Under the influence of globalization processes, the old mechanisms of an individual identity are being destroyed, and generations are torn apart by new relationships. There appear are verse process, or rather a spiral process, characterized by the movement from public to communal relations. The city is transformed into a complex of virtual villages, formed on the basis of new communal ties.

Success is an important factor in the increase of teacher competence, its implementation as a person, as the professional approach to teaching provides not only the appropriate level of knowledge, but also affects the formation of individual qualities of students. Therefore, the image created by the teacher plays a fundamental role in teaching students, thus, this article shows the implementation of the paradigm of "success" through the prism of pedagogical image. Russian scientist and writer of Ukrainian origin Yevgeny Vodolazkin (1964), based on his own experience of studying in Soviet schools and universities, in the novel "Brisbane" emphasizes the most important qualities that a successful teacher must have. The factors create the image of a teacher who (does not) lead to educational success (a teacher-despot LesiaKirillovna, a teacher-romantic Vira Mykhailivna, favorite teacher of solfeggio Claudia Vasylivna, a teacher and a close friend Olena Markivna, inconspicuous Pavlo Sergeev ,a moralist-director of the school, a gossip teacher of social sciences, psychologically stable Katya, nonconformist Ivan Sergienko, experienced professor Besedin , a relative of Lisa). Instead, the peculiarity of the observance of ethical relations in the scientific community among fellow philologists can be traced through the character of Associate Professor Chukin. Through the prism of the image of the protagonist of the work - Glib Yanovsky -, the way of the formation of his pedagogical skill and professional perfection is considered. In particular, the significant influence of the experience of relationships with teachers on the teaching practice of the protagonist has been established. The difference between university and school teaching has a particular importance. It is proved that political ideology (in particular, of the Soviet Union) directly influences teaching practice. Based on opinion polls and the novel «Brisbane», it is highlighted the most necessary professional, individual features and appearance of the teacher ...

The content of the concepts "specialized government service", "military service" and "law-enforcement service" has been reviewed briefly in the article. System approach to the characteristics of the government service allows us to make the conclusion that the government service is a certain stable social establishment intended to ensure the implementation of the state control functions. It also can be understood as competences and powers of the governmental authorities, which include systems of different types of professional official activity and the whole complex of various ties and relationships. Theoretical justification of the government service being the system of constantly active components gives us the possibility to clarify the intended purpose of anyone of them, as well as to determine the unity and specific nature of the actions of each type of the governmental service. On the basis of the specific classification of the government service, following types of the governmental service have been described in the literature: government (civil) service, military service and law-enforcement service. According to the author's opinion, the specialized government service is the institution of the state power, which officials have the legal status, defined both by the Law of Ukraine "On Public Service" and special statutory instruments, such as customs code of Ukraine, tax code of Ukraine and others These officials carry out their professional activity, which is related to the implementation of functions, rights and responsibilities of the executive authorities in special conditions, have authoritative powers, functions, specific nature of performing functions, titles (grades, ranks), special legal coverage, as well as material and welfare support. Military service is another type of the public service. It is the professional activity of the citizens in the law-enforcement authorities and the service of the citizens in the institutions, which implement functions related to safety, law and order, crime ...

Статтю присвячено аналізу та розкриттю сутності, структури та змісту регіонально-о- рієнтованої комунікативної компетенції майбутніх фахівців туристичного супроводу. У роботі зазначено, що комунікативна компетентність – одна з базових характеристик професійної компетентності, тому її формування відбувається в процесі професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців туристичного супроводу. Вона проявляється у здатності і готовності осіб, які комунікують, до обміну інформацією та є інструментом врегулювання взаємовідносин людей як у повсякденній, так і у професійній діяльності. Визначено, що для підготовки фахівця туристичного супроводу на іноземній мові важливим завданням є не тільки вивчення іноземної мови, а й вивчення культури мови, особливостей національної культури, міжкультурного спілкування, міжкультурної комунікації. Виявлено, що міжкультурна комунікація майбутнього фахівця туристичного супроводу (гіда-екскурсовода) представляє собою процес комунікації з іноземними партнерами та клієнтами, спрямований на вирішення професійних завдань: розробка нових туристичних напрямків, нових екскурсійних маршрутів, вирішення питань розміщення та харчування туристів і т.д. Доведено, що регіонально-орієнтована комунікативна компетенція майбутніх фахівців туристичного супроводу (гідів-екскурсоводів) є складовою частиною комунікативної компетентності, спрямована на професійну міжкультурну комунікацію фахівця туристичної індустрії, що формується в процесі вивчення однієї або декількох іноземних мов та базується на сукупності компетенцій: регіонально-мовної, регіонально-мовленевої та регіонально-соціокультурної. Також у даній статі зазначено, що тематичний зміст навчання іноземним мовам або наповнення мовного матеріалу грає важливу роль у формуванні регіонально-орієнтованої комунікативної компетенції майбутніх фахівців туристичного супроводу. Навчання повинно містити інформацію, що розкриває особливість регіону професійної діяльності: історію, культуру, соціальні особливості, економіку, політику та інші сфери діяльності. Тематичне наповнення змісту навчання іноземних мов може здійснюватися шляхом встановлення міжпредметних зв'язків із дисциплінами професійного циклу, а також із дисциплінами, що відображають специфіку регіону професійної діяльності. ; The article is devoted to the analysis and disclosure of the essence, structure and content of regionallyoriented communicative competence of future specialists of tourist support. The paper notes that communicative competence is one of the basic characteristics of professional competence, so its formation takes place in the process of professional training of future specialists of tourist support. It is manifested in the ability and willingness of communicators to exchange information and is a tool for regulating human relationships in both daily and professional activities. It is determined that for the training of a tourist support specialist in a foreign language an important task is not only the study of a foreign language, but also the language culture, features of national culture, intercultural communication, intercultural communication. It was found that intercultural communication of the future tourist support specialist (guide) is a process of communication with foreign partners and clients, aimed at solving professional problems: development of new tourist destinations, new excursion routes, solving accommodation and food for tourists, etc. It is proved that regionally-oriented communicative competence of future specialists of tourist support (guides-guides) is a component of communicative competence aimed at professional intercultural communication of a tourist industry specialist, formed in the process of learning one or more foreign languages and based on a set of regional competencies., regional-speech and regional-socio-cultural. Also in this article it is noted that the thematic content of learning foreign languages or filling the language material plays an important role in the formation of regionally-oriented communicative competence of future specialists of tourist support. Training should contain information that reveals the features of the region of professional activity: history, culture, social characteristics, economics, politics and other areas of activity. The thematic content of foreign language teaching can be carried out by establishing interdisciplinary links with disciplines of the professional cycle, as well as with disciplines that reflect the specifics of the region of professional activity.

Problem setting. Improper performance of professional duties by employees of medical or pharmaceutical industry can happen in any place in the field of healthcare, at any part related to the processes and procedures of treatment due to improper use of drugs, improper treatment can lead to aggravation of the disease and incorrigible consequences for the patient (by forensic and medical assessment criteria: easy, moderate, severe injury or death). Recent research and publication analysis. Compliance with European standards to ensure quality of life and rights of every person, citizen and patient requires measures for rapid study of problems of corruption schemes, forensic and pharmaceutical risks that hinder the development of the health sector and circulation (tender procedures, ensuring preferential contingent reimbursement, development, manufacturing, sourcing, marketing, sales, accounting, etc.) of the medicines of various nomenclature, classification and legal groups. These issues faced in their research activities such scientists as Tatsiy V.J., Gudzenko A.P., Galatsan A.V., Shapovalova V.A., Shapovalov V.V.2Paper objective. To study of forensic and pharmaceutical risks and reasons hindering the smooth pharmacy institutions providing medicines (drugs) for preferential contingent of patients – invalids of the Great Patriotic War (war veteran group 1), the liquidators of the Chernobyl accident of the 2nd category based on the pharmaceutical law as well as higher levels of regional cooperation in legal system of «the doctor (medical officer) – the preferential patient – the pharmacist – the social worker – the civil servant of the executive – forensic doctor – the prosecutor – the judge – the lawyer». Paper main body. The life quality of modern old men, who belong to the category of preferential contingent, and is patient of the 1st group of disabled veterans and liquidators of the Chernobyl depends on many factors, the most important is the level of socio-economic security and current medical and pharmacy service, ensuring the health of privileged categories of citizens is a priority of public policy, both in Ukraine and in Russian Federation and Belarus. In recent years the study of the problem of ill-health and the provision of pharmaceutical services, conflict of interest «doctor-patient» when assigning frequencies for receiving and dispensing drugs, the use of health insurance, payment in carrying of the commercial activities in the provision of medical and pharmaceutical services in healthcare was the subject of numerous studies in Japan, Canada, the EU, Russia, UK, Ukraine and the USA. Declared by the state grace contingent violated, as evidenced by numerous cases that should have criminal defense contingent privileged citizens (patients). The state should contribute to raising the social-economic, financial, medical and pharmaceutical, prosecutors, and legal levels of regional security (protection) concessional of patients with vital medicines that dispensed from the pharmacy network at discounted prescriptions. Conclusion of the research. According to the forensic and pharmaceutical risks studied problem areas that hinder medical supply preferential contingent numerous cases, evidence of violations of the rights of the patient, who declared the state must have a criminal defense contingent privileged citizens. The government3should raise the socio-economic, financial, medical, pharmaceutical and criminal level to ensure favorable patient with essential drugs that dispense from the pharmacy network at discounted prescriptions. Studying the experience of the EU countries, USA, Canada and others concerning the inadequate provision of medical care (medical errors) requires the need for extensive research. To summarize the problems and improving the coordination of work on the scientific and practical research problems and eliminate the causes and conditions that contribute to ill health and the provision of pharmaceutical care (medical errors) and thereby improve the relationships in the chain «doctor – patient – pharmacist – social worker – state official authorities – forensic doctor – prosecutor – judge – advocate». Proved the necessity of an appeal to the Supreme council of Ukraine on making appropriate amendments to the art. 140 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine as deterrence element of criminal activities in the field of non-performance or improper performance of medical, pharmaceutical or social worker, civil servant or executive bodies of his professional duties as a result of negligent or unfair to them. Making these changes and additions will raise the level of responsibility on the part of social workers and government officials of the executive authorities responsible for funding programs for preferential contingent of citizens and improve legal aid mechanisms grace the bulk of patients in all regions of Ukraine. ; Рассмотрены судебно-фармацевтические риски, которые мешают безпрепятственному обеспечению лекарственными средствами льготного контингента пациентов, и ненадлежащее выполнение медицинскими и фармацевтическими работниками своих профессиональных обязанностей. Исследование проводилось на примере льготного пациента – инвалида Великой Отечественной войны І группы, ликвидатора аварии на ЧАЭС 2 группы в сопоставлении с опытом стран Европейского союза, США и России ; Досліджено судово-фармацевтичні ризики, що заважають безперешкодному забезпеченню лікарськими засобами пільгового контингенту пацієнтів та неналежне виконання медичними та фармацевтичними працівниками своїх професійних обов'язків. Дослідження проводилося на прикладі пільгового пацієнта – інваліда Великої Вітчизняної війни І групи, ліквідатора аварії на ЧАЕС 2 категорії в порівнянні з досвідом країн-членів Європейського Союзу, США та Росії.

Problem setting. Improper performance of professional duties by employees of medical or pharmaceutical industry can happen in any place in the field of healthcare, at any part related to the processes and procedures of treatment due to improper use of drugs, improper treatment can lead to aggravation of the disease and incorrigible consequences for the patient (by forensic and medical assessment criteria: easy, moderate, severe injury or death). Recent research and publication analysis. Compliance with European standards to ensure quality of life and rights of every person, citizen and patient requires measures for rapid study of problems of corruption schemes, forensic and pharmaceutical risks that hinder the development of the health sector and circulation (tender procedures, ensuring preferential contingent reimbursement, development, manufacturing, sourcing, marketing, sales, accounting, etc.) of the medicines of various nomenclature, classification and legal groups. These issues faced in their research activities such scientists as Tatsiy V.J., Gudzenko A.P., Galatsan A.V., Shapovalova V.A., Shapovalov V.V.2Paper objective. To study of forensic and pharmaceutical risks and reasons hindering the smooth pharmacy institutions providing medicines (drugs) for preferential contingent of patients – invalids of the Great Patriotic War (war veteran group 1), the liquidators of the Chernobyl accident of the 2nd category based on the pharmaceutical law as well as higher levels of regional cooperation in legal system of «the doctor (medical officer) – the preferential patient – the pharmacist – the social worker – the civil servant of the executive – forensic doctor – the prosecutor – the judge – the lawyer». Paper main body. The life quality of modern old men, who belong to the category of preferential contingent, and is patient of the 1st group of disabled veterans and liquidators of the Chernobyl depends on many factors, the most important is the level of socio-economic security and current medical and pharmacy service, ensuring the health of privileged categories of citizens is a priority of public policy, both in Ukraine and in Russian Federation and Belarus. In recent years the study of the problem of ill-health and the provision of pharmaceutical services, conflict of interest «doctor-patient» when assigning frequencies for receiving and dispensing drugs, the use of health insurance, payment in carrying of the commercial activities in the provision of medical and pharmaceutical services in healthcare was the subject of numerous studies in Japan, Canada, the EU, Russia, UK, Ukraine and the USA. Declared by the state grace contingent violated, as evidenced by numerous cases that should have criminal defense contingent privileged citizens (patients). The state should contribute to raising the social-economic, financial, medical and pharmaceutical, prosecutors, and legal levels of regional security (protection) concessional of patients with vital medicines that dispensed from the pharmacy network at discounted prescriptions. Conclusion of the research. According to the forensic and pharmaceutical risks studied problem areas that hinder medical supply preferential contingent numerous cases, evidence of violations of the rights of the patient, who declared the state must have a criminal defense contingent privileged citizens. The government3should raise the socio-economic, financial, medical, pharmaceutical and criminal level to ensure favorable patient with essential drugs that dispense from the pharmacy network at discounted prescriptions. Studying the experience of the EU countries, USA, Canada and others concerning the inadequate provision of medical care (medical errors) requires the need for extensive research. To summarize the problems and improving the coordination of work on the scientific and practical research problems and eliminate the causes and conditions that contribute to ill health and the provision of pharmaceutical care (medical errors) and thereby improve the relationships in the chain «doctor – patient – pharmacist – social worker – state official authorities – forensic doctor – prosecutor – judge – advocate». Proved the necessity of an appeal to the Supreme council of Ukraine on making appropriate amendments to the art. 140 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine as deterrence element of criminal activities in the field of non-performance or improper performance of medical, pharmaceutical or social worker, civil servant or executive bodies of his professional duties as a result of negligent or unfair to them. Making these changes and additions will raise the level of responsibility on the part of social workers and government officials of the executive authorities responsible for funding programs for preferential contingent of citizens and improve legal aid mechanisms grace the bulk of patients in all regions of Ukraine. ; Рассмотрены судебно-фармацевтические риски, которые мешают безпрепятственному обеспечению лекарственными средствами льготного контингента пациентов, и ненадлежащее выполнение медицинскими и фармацевтическими работниками своих профессиональных обязанностей. Исследование проводилось на примере льготного пациента – инвалида Великой Отечественной войны І группы, ликвидатора аварии на ЧАЭС 2 группы в сопоставлении с опытом стран Европейского союза, США и России ; Досліджено судово-фармацевтичні ризики, що заважають безперешкодному забезпеченню лікарськими засобами пільгового контингенту пацієнтів та неналежне виконання медичними та фармацевтичними працівниками своїх професійних обов'язків. Дослідження проводилося на прикладі пільгового пацієнта – інваліда Великої Вітчизняної війни І групи, ліквідатора аварії на ЧАЕС 2 категорії в порівнянні з досвідом країн-членів Європейського Союзу, США та Росії.

Problem setting. Improper performance of professional duties by employees of medical or pharmaceutical industry can happen in any place in the field of healthcare, at any part related to the processes and procedures of treatment due to improper use of drugs, improper treatment can lead to aggravation of the disease and incorrigible consequences for the patient (by forensic and medical assessment criteria: easy, moderate, severe injury or death). Recent research and publication analysis. Compliance with European standards to ensure quality of life and rights of every person, citizen and patient requires measures for rapid study of problems of corruption schemes, forensic and pharmaceutical risks that hinder the development of the health sector and circulation (tender procedures, ensuring preferential contingent reimbursement, development, manufacturing, sourcing, marketing, sales, accounting, etc.) of the medicines of various nomenclature, classification and legal groups. These issues faced in their research activities such scientists as Tatsiy V.J., Gudzenko A.P., Galatsan A.V., Shapovalova V.A., Shapovalov V.V.2Paper objective. To study of forensic and pharmaceutical risks and reasons hindering the smooth pharmacy institutions providing medicines (drugs) for preferential contingent of patients – invalids of the Great Patriotic War (war veteran group 1), the liquidators of the Chernobyl accident of the 2nd category based on the pharmaceutical law as well as higher levels of regional cooperation in legal system of «the doctor (medical officer) – the preferential patient – the pharmacist – the social worker – the civil servant of the executive – forensic doctor – the prosecutor – the judge – the lawyer». Paper main body. The life quality of modern old men, who belong to the category of preferential contingent, and is patient of the 1st group of disabled veterans and liquidators of the Chernobyl depends on many factors, the most important is the level of socio-economic security and current medical and pharmacy service, ensuring the health of privileged categories of citizens is a priority of public policy, both in Ukraine and in Russian Federation and Belarus. In recent years the study of the problem of ill-health and the provision of pharmaceutical services, conflict of interest «doctor-patient» when assigning frequencies for receiving and dispensing drugs, the use of health insurance, payment in carrying of the commercial activities in the provision of medical and pharmaceutical services in healthcare was the subject of numerous studies in Japan, Canada, the EU, Russia, UK, Ukraine and the USA. Declared by the state grace contingent violated, as evidenced by numerous cases that should have criminal defense contingent privileged citizens (patients). The state should contribute to raising the social-economic, financial, medical and pharmaceutical, prosecutors, and legal levels of regional security (protection) concessional of patients with vital medicines that dispensed from the pharmacy network at discounted prescriptions. Conclusion of the research. According to the forensic and pharmaceutical risks studied problem areas that hinder medical supply preferential contingent numerous cases, evidence of violations of the rights of the patient, who declared the state must have a criminal defense contingent privileged citizens. The government3should raise the socio-economic, financial, medical, pharmaceutical and criminal level to ensure favorable patient with essential drugs that dispense from the pharmacy network at discounted prescriptions. Studying the experience of the EU countries, USA, Canada and others concerning the inadequate provision of medical care (medical errors) requires the need for extensive research. To summarize the problems and improving the coordination of work on the scientific and practical research problems and eliminate the causes and conditions that contribute to ill health and the provision of pharmaceutical care (medical errors) and thereby improve the relationships in the chain «doctor – patient – pharmacist – social worker – state official authorities – forensic doctor – prosecutor – judge – advocate». Proved the necessity of an appeal to the Supreme council of Ukraine on making appropriate amendments to the art. 140 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine as deterrence element of criminal activities in the field of non-performance or improper performance of medical, pharmaceutical or social worker, civil servant or executive bodies of his professional duties as a result of negligent or unfair to them. Making these changes and additions will raise the level of responsibility on the part of social workers and government officials of the executive authorities responsible for funding programs for preferential contingent of citizens and improve legal aid mechanisms grace the bulk of patients in all regions of Ukraine. ; Рассмотрены судебно-фармацевтические риски, которые мешают безпрепятственному обеспечению лекарственными средствами льготного контингента пациентов, и ненадлежащее выполнение медицинскими и фармацевтическими работниками своих профессиональных обязанностей. Исследование проводилось на примере льготного пациента – инвалида Великой Отечественной войны І группы, ликвидатора аварии на ЧАЭС 2 группы в сопоставлении с опытом стран Европейского союза, США и России ; Досліджено судово-фармацевтичні ризики, що заважають безперешкодному забезпеченню лікарськими засобами пільгового контингенту пацієнтів та неналежне виконання медичними та фармацевтичними працівниками своїх професійних обов'язків. Дослідження проводилося на прикладі пільгового пацієнта – інваліда Великої Вітчизняної війни І групи, ліквідатора аварії на ЧАЕС 2 категорії в порівнянні з досвідом країн-членів Європейського Союзу, США та Росії.

In the socio-political conditions of the present, higher requirements for professional officers of border guards are put forward, and one of the priority objectives is to increase the volume of communicative components in the educational process of higher military educational institutions. Provision of the appropriate level of Communicative Competence involves the organization of effective interaction between the military units of the units, including between officers and subordinates, which find expression in various forms of both official and non-service communication, which has a serious impact on the performance of service and combat tasks, the unification of military collectives, state of military discipline, satisfaction with the service. Communicative processes, which precede the academic life and accompany them all through life, greatly influence the educational space in the direction of professional communicative improvement of the individual. The article outlines the main pedagogical conditions for effective development of the Communicative Competence of Officers of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine in the process of master's training. To achieve the purpose of the article, the results of scientific publications related to the research problem were generalized; A list of pedagogical conditions that can improve the development of the Communicative Competence of Border Guard officers is defined; The pedagogical conditions of the development of the Communicative Competence of Officers-Border Guards and their effectiveness in the process of master's training are substantiated. It is a question of selecting the content of educational material on special disciplines, modeling and solving practical situations of communicative activities, developing communicative and pedagogical skills of officers on the basis of interactive learning;The process of development of the Communicative Competence of the Finnish specialists differs by a certain specificity. In the educational process of the magistracy, the most significant circumstances are: the narrow specialization of officers-border guards, is highly saturated with military-special disciplines, training program, the presence of the principle of subordination, special conditions for the functioning of the military college and other factors of military-professional activities.The process of development of the Communicative Competence of future military leaders differs in a certain peculiarity. In the educational process of the magistracy, the most significant circumstances are: a narrow specialization, a highly educated military-specialist program of study, the presence of the principle of subordination, the special conditions for the functioning of the military higher education institution and other factors of military-professional activities.The role of communication in the official activity of the officer-priest is a priority, because it solves the problem of socio-psychological support for work, helps in the organization of relationships with subordinates and colleagues, facilitates the transmission of information. The pedagogical orientation of communication involves the ability of the officer in any conditions to continue to perform the main task, adapting the forms and methods of working with the subordinates of specific conditions, and therefore the style of communication for him – is, in essence, the style of his day-to-day military-pedagogical work. ; Комунікативні процеси, які передують навчальним і через усе життя супроводжують їх, значною мірою впливають на освітній простір в напрямі професійного комунікативного вдосконалення військового фахівця. Перехід офіцера-прикордонника – майбутнього керівника з початкового рівня – комунікативної грамотності на рівень комунікативної компетентності може статися за певних необхідних і достатніх умов.У статті розкрито основні педагогічні умови ефективного розвитку комунікативної компетентності офіцерів Державної прикордонної служби України у процесі магістерської підготовки, систематизовано й уточнено базові поняття дослідження, що сприяє збагаченню теоретичного змісту визначеної проблеми, наповнює її конкретним значенням, розкриває специфіку розвитку комунікативної компетентності офіцерів-магістрантів. Для досягнення мети статті було узагальнено результати наукових публікацій, які стосуються проблеми дослідження; визначено перелік педагогічних умов, які можуть покращити процес розвитку комунікативної компетентності офіцерів-прикордонників; обґрунтувано педагогічні умови розвитку комунікативної компетентності офіцерів-прикордонників та їх дієвість у процесі магістерської підготовки. Проаналізовані роботи свідчать про те, щонавчання офіцерів-прикордонників у магістратурі є частиною єдиного військово-педагогічного процесу з притаманними йому певними закономірностями. Йдеться про відбір і структурування навчального матеріалу з урахуванням поставлених цілей щодо розвитку компонентів комунікативної компетентності військових фахівців; застосування в освітньому процесі магістратури форм і методів тренінгового та інтерактивного навчання; безперервність процесу організації самоосвіти та самостійної роботи офіцерів-прикордонників на магістерському рівні вищої освіти; ґендерні особливості професійної комунікативної взаємодії.Процес розвитку комунікативної компетентності в офіцерів – майбутніх керівників відрізняється певною специфікою. Забезпечення відповідного рівня комунікативної компетентності передбачає організацію ефективної взаємодії між військовослужбовцями, у тому числі між офіцерами та підлеглими, що знаходить відбиток у різноманітних формах як службового, так і позаслужбового комунікування, яке серйозно впливає на результативність виконання службових і бойових завдань, згуртування військових колективів, стан військової дисципліни, задоволеність службою тощо.

The article deals with the social and psychological peculiarities of the relationship of value orientations and personal trust. The problem of the relationship of value orientations and personal trust is presented in the scientific literature in two main directions: understanding the role of human value orientations in the regulation of trust relations and consideration of the coincidence (similarity) of value orientations of individuals as a necessary condition for the emergence of trust in relationships.The empirical research of the relationship of the value orientations of military personnel and commanders, the formation of trust relationships between them have been conducted.The main qualities of a commander, who is trusted by subordinates, are established, elucidated the coincidence indicators role of value orientations. The presence of a positive relationship between indicators are the similarity in value orientations between subordinates and the leaders' help in order to establish trust in relationships.The individual hierarchy of values of the commander, who is trusted, have been defined. It was established that, the values associated with professional activity prevail in the terminal subgroup, the values of professional self-realization prevail in the instrumental one. This tendency of respondents' belonging to a certain social group and significance in the formation of trustful relations between the values of professional activity was defined. The main qualities of the trusted commander, chosen by the respondents, are almost identical with his her most significant instrumental values.The prospects for further research is creation and testing of a questionnaire, which assesses the level of trust of subordinates to the commander leader in special conditions of activity. ; В статье рассмотрены социально-психологические особенности взаимосвязи ценностных ориентаций и доверия личности; проанализирована взаимосвязь между ценностными ориентациями военнослужащих и командиров и формированием отношений доверия между ними; получено индивидуальную иерархию ценностей командира, которому доверяют. ; У статті розглянуто соціально-психологічні особливості взаємозв'язку ціннісних орієнтацій та довіри особистості; проаналізовано взаємозв'язок між ціннісними орієнтаціями військовослужбовців і командирів та формуванням відносин довіри між ними; отримано індивідуальну ієрархію цінностей командира, якому довіряють.

The article deals with the social and psychological peculiarities of the relationship of value orientations and personal trust. The problem of the relationship of value orientations and personal trust is presented in the scientific literature in two main directions: understanding the role of human value orientations in the regulation of trust relations and consideration of the coincidence (similarity) of value orientations of individuals as a necessary condition for the emergence of trust in relationships.The empirical research of the relationship of the value orientations of military personnel and commanders, the formation of trust relationships between them have been conducted.The main qualities of a commander, who is trusted by subordinates, are established, elucidated the coincidence indicators role of value orientations. The presence of a positive relationship between indicators are the similarity in value orientations between subordinates and the leaders' help in order to establish trust in relationships.The individual hierarchy of values of the commander, who is trusted, have been defined. It was established that, the values associated with professional activity prevail in the terminal subgroup, the values of professional self-realization prevail in the instrumental one. This tendency of respondents' belonging to a certain social group and significance in the formation of trustful relations between the values of professional activity was defined. The main qualities of the trusted commander, chosen by the respondents, are almost identical with his her most significant instrumental values.The prospects for further research is creation and testing of a questionnaire, which assesses the level of trust of subordinates to the commander leader in special conditions of activity. ; В статье рассмотрены социально-психологические особенности взаимосвязи ценностных ориентаций и доверия личности; проанализирована взаимосвязь между ценностными ориентациями военнослужащих и командиров и формированием отношений доверия между ними; получено индивидуальную иерархию ценностей командира, которому доверяют. ; У статті розглянуто соціально-психологічні особливості взаємозв'язку ціннісних орієнтацій та довіри особистості; проаналізовано взаємозв'язок між ціннісними орієнтаціями військовослужбовців і командирів та формуванням відносин довіри між ними; отримано індивідуальну ієрархію цінностей командира, якому довіряють.

The article describes the basic elements of an ethical infrastructure that manifest themselves as mechanisms regulating the relationship between public servants and the public, being the part of professional activities. Ethics for public servants is defined as the system of regulations of conduct, procedure and rules, and relationships and principles of public-service relationship that is most appropriate set of deeply understood and concretized norms of morality inherent in this society. According to the authors, the main problem of a civil servant professional ethics is the fact that its activities must meet not only the Constitution of Ukraine and current legislation, but also moral principles and norms. ; В статье рассмотрены основные элементы этической инфраструктуры, проявляющие себя как механизмы и регулирующие взаимоотношения между государственными служащими и обществом. Этика государственного служащего определена как система норм поведения, порядок действий и правил, взаимоотношений и принципов в государственно-служебных отношениях, что является совокупностью наиболее пригодных, глубоко осознанных и конкретизированных норм общечеловеческой морали, присущих данному обществу. Основная проблема профессиональной этики государственного служащего, по мнению авторов статьи, связана с тем, что его деятельность должна отвечать не только Конституции Украины, действующему законодательству, но и моральным принципам и нормам. ; У статті розглянуті основні елементи етичної інфраструктури, які виявляють себе як механізми, що регулюють взаємовідносини між державними службовцями і суспільством, є складовими професійної діяльності. Етику державного службовця визначено як систему норм поведінки, порядок дій і правил, взаємовідносин і принципів у державно-службових відносинах, що є сукупністю найбільш придатних, глибоко усвідомлених і конкретизованих норм загальнолюдської моралі, властивих даному суспільству. Основна проблема професійної етики державного службовця, на думку авторів статті, пов'язана з тим, що його діяльність повинна відповідати не тільки Конституції України, чинному законодавству, а й моральним принципам і нормам.

The style of work and professional behavior of party officials of the highest rank of the western regions of Ukraine in the first post-war years is characterized. The specific historical conditions of their professional development in the commandadministrative system are considered. The party leaders of the western regions are analyzed as typical representatives of the new generation, who did not study history from textbooks, but created it with their own hands, with their direct participation. Attention is drawn to the fact that the authoritarian, even dictatorial style of management accompanied the party-Soviet elite at all stages of their career growth. Rising from the "lower classes", they were forced to constantly buckle under the system, prove their "proletarian" and devotion to the Party, constantly suffering from the danger of falling into the ranks of "enemies of the people". Therefore, party functionaries cultivated the rigid, forceful and peremptory leader in themselves. It was determined by their immanent necessity to conquer and maintain a high social status. It is emphasized, that the general behavior of nomenclature officials of the western regions of Ukraine in 1944–1946 fully fitted into the command-administrative system of the Stalinist model. The overwhelming majority of party leaders continued to use military methods of governance, by inertia, showing predisposition for bureaucracy, excessive rigidity and brutality.The nature of the relationships within the government and its representatives with the local population was determined by a number of objective and subjective factors: the low level of professional educational training of the overwhelming majority of officials of the higher and middle management level; frequent personnel fluidity; quite tense schedule of work, actually, with no fixed working hours; household disorder. Serious subjective factors are: newcomers (the absolute majority) did not know local conditions and traditions; the dominance of the atmosphere of total fear, lawlessness, permissiveness, which in total contributed to the formation in the minds of both local residents and party-Soviet functionaries of the image of a Soviet officer as an invader. ; Характеризується стиль роботи і професійної поведінки партійних чиновників найвищого рангу західних областей України в перші повоєнні роки з огляду на конкретно-історичні умови їх професійного становлення в рамках командноадміністративної системи. Партійні лідери західних областей розглядаються як типові представники нового покоління, яке вивчало історію не з підручників, а творило її своїми «руками», своєю безпосередньою участю. Звертається увага, що авторитарний, навіть диктаторський стиль управління супроводжував партійно-радянську еліту на усіх щаблях її кар'єрного росту. Піднімаючись із «низів», вони змушені були постійно прогинатися під систему, дово- дити свою «пролетарськість» та відданість Партії, перманентно наражаючись на небезпеку потрапити до лав «ворогів народу». Тому культивування партфункціонерами в собі жорсткого, вольового, безапеляційного керівника було детерміноване іманентною потребою завоювати та зберегти високий соціальний статус. Наголошується, що загальний стиль поведінки номенклатурних посадовців західних областей України в 1944–1946 роках цілком вписувався в командно-адміністративну систему сталінського зразка. Переважна більшість партійних керівників за інерцією продовжували використовувати військові методи управління, виявляючи схильність до бюрократизму, надмірної жорсткості та жорстокості. Характер взаємовідносин усередині влади та її представників із місцевим населенням визначався низкою чинників об'єктивного та суб'єктивного характеру: низький рівень професійно-освітньої підготовки переважної більшості чиновників вищої та середньої ланки управління; часта змінюваність кадрів; досить напружений графік роботи за умови практично ненормованого робочого дня; побутова невлаштованість. Серйозними суб'єктивними чинниками можна вважати: незнання прибулими (таких була абсолютна більшість) місцевих умов і традицій; панування атмосфери тотального страху, беззаконня, вседозволеності, що в сукупності сприяло формуванню у свідомості як місцевих мешканців, так і партійно-радянських функціонерів образу радянського службовця як окупанта.

Problem setting. Extremely low trust of Ukrainian citizens in state bodies (bureaucracy) testifies the crisis state of society, the unresolved contradictions in public life, which impede the socio-economic and political development of Ukraine and its national security. Researching ethical ways of providing trustful relations between public servants and citizens in the circumstances of rapid and contradictory socio-political changes is an actual scientific and practical task. The results of such research can contribute to the successful reform of public service in Ukraine, the growth of its prestige and authority among the population.Recent research and publications analysis. Modern Ukrainian researchers have intensified research about relations between public servants and citizens in Ukraine. First of all, the essence of the phenomenon of trust to the power and ways of improving the positive image of public servants through the modernization of the system of public administration is being conceived. Somewhat less attention is paid to the social and valuable principles of establishing constructive relations between public servants and civil society actors. It is important to study T. Vasylevska and M. Rudakevych, who comprehend personal and socio-group dimensions of moral relations between citizens and public servants, consider trust as the fundamental principle of cooperation between them as social partners.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. It is necessary to investigate the factors that led to the biased attitude of Ukrainian citizens to the representatives of power. It is also necessary to study the ethical tools for changing the quality of public service, which will ensure its effectiveness and enhance the authority of individuals, who serve in state and local government. The aim of the article is to analyze the genesis of distrust between citizens and public servants in Ukraine, to outline the ethical ways of eliminating ideological and psychological obstacles to establishing an effective model of interaction between the actors of the management process.Paper main body. Low level of trust of Ukrainian citizens to public servants scatters the important social capital, weakens Ukraine as a national organism. The current unfriendly relationships between citizens and officials remains a reflection of the historical confrontation between these social actors in Ukraine. Serious moral-valuable and psychological differences were laid in the nineteenth century and were conditioned by the indifference of most officials to the interests and needs of citizens, serving the interests of foreign states, party or narrow-social groups, and personal needs. As a result, there is a non-initiative, impolite, insensitive bureaucracy, on the one hand, and passive, disappointed, susceptible population on the other. Thus, the axiological conflict between a social institution (state) and a social subject (people) was formed in the Ukrainian socio-historical consciousness, which impedes the accumulation of social capital of trust. To change the relationships between officials and citizens, legal and moral texts and the responsibility to change the world-view and axiological discourse, which will convince public servants to be honest, professionally responsible and decent in the performance of their duties, is necessary. This will be facilitated by the grouping of the principles of professional conduct of the official around the normative concepts "Legality" (legal component), "Efficiency" (praxeological component), "Decency" (ethical component). On the basis of them, specific rules and methods of cooperation of a public servant with citizens should be developed. Establishing trust can be achieved by reducing the negative experience of communication on each side when the format of "bureaucratic clashes" will be leveled up by the establishment of partnerships in the style of business communication in a moral atmosphere. Such a strategy of interaction will correspond to the principles of implementing administrative policy in a democratic world.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. The acute crisis of trust on public service in Ukraine is caused by a complex of modern causes and contradictions of the past. The negative image of an official who has been formed in the minds of Ukrainian citizens can be gradually changed due to a new world-view and axiological discourse, which will promote the adoption of rules of law, efficiency and decency in relations between public servants and citizens. A prerequisite for increasing public trust in public service of Ukraine is its ethization. The authority of the state and local administrations will be able to raise morally-minded public servants who will combine "rational" and "sensory" management during communication with citizens. ; Оцінено довіру між громадянами і публічними службовцями як важливий соціальний капітал, який належно не функціонує в українському суспільстві. З'ясовано історично-психологічні причини формування в українській суспільній свідомості упередженого ставлення до представників влади. Акцентовано на важливості перебудови морально-ціннісних засад і стилю взаємин між чиновниками і громадянами. Етизацію публічної служби України розглянуто як шлях налагодження довірливих відносин між громадянами та публічними службовцями, що сприятиме консолідації українського суспільства.

Problem setting. Extremely low trust of Ukrainian citizens in state bodies (bureaucracy) testifies the crisis state of society, the unresolved contradictions in public life, which impede the socio-economic and political development of Ukraine and its national security. Researching ethical ways of providing trustful relations between public servants and citizens in the circumstances of rapid and contradictory socio-political changes is an actual scientific and practical task. The results of such research can contribute to the successful reform of public service in Ukraine, the growth of its prestige and authority among the population.Recent research and publications analysis. Modern Ukrainian researchers have intensified research about relations between public servants and citizens in Ukraine. First of all, the essence of the phenomenon of trust to the power and ways of improving the positive image of public servants through the modernization of the system of public administration is being conceived. Somewhat less attention is paid to the social and valuable principles of establishing constructive relations between public servants and civil society actors. It is important to study T. Vasylevska and M. Rudakevych, who comprehend personal and socio-group dimensions of moral relations between citizens and public servants, consider trust as the fundamental principle of cooperation between them as social partners.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. It is necessary to investigate the factors that led to the biased attitude of Ukrainian citizens to the representatives of power. It is also necessary to study the ethical tools for changing the quality of public service, which will ensure its effectiveness and enhance the authority of individuals, who serve in state and local government. The aim of the article is to analyze the genesis of distrust between citizens and public servants in Ukraine, to outline the ethical ways of eliminating ideological and psychological obstacles to establishing an effective model of interaction between the actors of the management process.Paper main body. Low level of trust of Ukrainian citizens to public servants scatters the important social capital, weakens Ukraine as a national organism. The current unfriendly relationships between citizens and officials remains a reflection of the historical confrontation between these social actors in Ukraine. Serious moral-valuable and psychological differences were laid in the nineteenth century and were conditioned by the indifference of most officials to the interests and needs of citizens, serving the interests of foreign states, party or narrow-social groups, and personal needs. As a result, there is a non-initiative, impolite, insensitive bureaucracy, on the one hand, and passive, disappointed, susceptible population on the other. Thus, the axiological conflict between a social institution (state) and a social subject (people) was formed in the Ukrainian socio-historical consciousness, which impedes the accumulation of social capital of trust. To change the relationships between officials and citizens, legal and moral texts and the responsibility to change the world-view and axiological discourse, which will convince public servants to be honest, professionally responsible and decent in the performance of their duties, is necessary. This will be facilitated by the grouping of the principles of professional conduct of the official around the normative concepts "Legality" (legal component), "Efficiency" (praxeological component), "Decency" (ethical component). On the basis of them, specific rules and methods of cooperation of a public servant with citizens should be developed. Establishing trust can be achieved by reducing the negative experience of communication on each side when the format of "bureaucratic clashes" will be leveled up by the establishment of partnerships in the style of business communication in a moral atmosphere. Such a strategy of interaction will correspond to the principles of implementing administrative policy in a democratic world.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. The acute crisis of trust on public service in Ukraine is caused by a complex of modern causes and contradictions of the past. The negative image of an official who has been formed in the minds of Ukrainian citizens can be gradually changed due to a new world-view and axiological discourse, which will promote the adoption of rules of law, efficiency and decency in relations between public servants and citizens. A prerequisite for increasing public trust in public service of Ukraine is its ethization. The authority of the state and local administrations will be able to raise morally-minded public servants who will combine "rational" and "sensory" management during communication with citizens. ; Оцінено довіру між громадянами і публічними службовцями як важливий соціальний капітал, який належно не функціонує в українському суспільстві. З'ясовано історично-психологічні причини формування в українській суспільній свідомості упередженого ставлення до представників влади. Акцентовано на важливості перебудови морально-ціннісних засад і стилю взаємин між чиновниками і громадянами. Етизацію публічної служби України розглянуто як шлях налагодження довірливих відносин між громадянами та публічними службовцями, що сприятиме консолідації українського суспільства.