Includes index. ; The higher education for women / by Janet E. Hogarth -- Teaching as a profession for women / by Beatrice Orange -- On the education of the artistic faculty / by Louise Jopling -- Women and journalism / by Mary Frances Billington -- Some pros and cons of theatrical life / by Madge Kendal -- Medicine as a profession for women / by Ethel F. Lamport -- Public work for women on local government boards as factory inspectors / by Margaret H. Irwin -- Sanitary inspecting / by Mabyn Armour. ; Mode of access: Internet.
Includes index. ; The higher education of women / by Janet E. Hogarth -- Teaching as a profession for women / by Beatrice Orange -- On the education of the artistic faculty / by Louise Jopling -- Women and journalism / by Mary Frances Billington -- Some pros and cons of theatrical life / by Madge Kendal --Medicine as a profession for women / by Ethel F. Lamport -- Public work fo women on local government boards as factory inspectors / by Margaret H. Irwin -- Sanitary inspecting / by Mabyn Armour. ; Mode of access: Internet.
The establishment of a new institution or society is an important event in the life and history of a discipline - and indeed of a country. It is important in many senses, not least in that enunciated by the renowned Alexis de Tocqueville in his treatise on 19th century American democracy. De Tocqueville put the proposition that a striking feature of the American people was their ability to form voluntary associations to realize their collective aims - not to leave everything to the authorities. This stems from a tradition in which government is not the only, or even the most important, instrument of social action, and is congruent with the long-standing proposition that individuals can form communities but only institutions can form a nation. Perhaps we should remember Lord Butler's words: 'Society in the future may become progressively intolerant of voluntary professional institutions especially if they are the bulwark of private practice, and yet be oblivious to the truth that in these institutions reside a most precious liberty essential to the health of a civilised society'.
Having developed as an institution separated in a sense from the rest of American society and possessing a discreet set of corporate values apart from those espoused by the Nation as a whole, the military today faces an almost revolutionary challenge to some of its most dearly held practices.
Being a doctor in today's time is a tough experience in many parts of the world. Many young people motivated by the traditional image of profession and desire for service opted for this vocation without anticipating today's challenging environment. Bad press, violence against doctors, tough employment conditions, unemployment, and lack of societal respect have become common phenomenon across the world. It is indeed time to introspect. The institution of medical profession is rapidly transforming not necessarily only under the influence of rapidly changing technology. The presented viewpoint is an analysis on impact of changing global political scenario on the future of medical profession.
"September 2011" ; Collection of selected articles from Military review. ; At head of title: Military review. Special edition. ; Title from cover. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.
The purpose of this article is to analyse the effects of New Public Management (NPM) reforms on three specific professional groups. From this investigation it is clear that the assumptions inherent in the NPM reforms have resulted in a clear breach of what we theoretically refer to as the professional contract between the state and the professions. We show in this analysis that our studied professional groups have lost central aspects of their professional autonomy. We problematize the perception that an ever-increasing demand for steering and control of professionals within the public sector should be perceived as something exclusively good. In addition to the costs of monitoring, the centrally important paradox of accountability should be taken into consideration, i.e. responsible interpretation and application of external accountability demands rest on the cultivation of the virtues that support good administrative judgement, the type of judgement that is threatened by the control-schemes presented in this article. ; Demokrati och deprofessionalisering
In the law of business organizations, individuals have generally been unrestrained in choosing which legal form they will use to carry on productive endeavors. Professionals, however, have not been afforded such freedom. They have found themselves prohibited by their self-regulatory bodies from practicing their profession in a corporate form. As a result, members of professions have practiced either as sole practitioners or in partnership with other members of the same profession. Professionals practicing in partnership expose themselves to personal liability for the obligations of the partnership and wrongdoing by their partners. This Article analyzes the rise of limited liability partnerships ("LLPs"), a newly created form of business association that shields innocent partners from personal liability for the negligence of their partners, in the United States and Canada. Professor Puri argues that the development of LLPs has significant implications for the legal profession. First, the private benefits conferred upon lawyers by LLPs are at the expense of consumers of legal services, particularly unsophisticated consumers. Second, the benefits of LLPs will accrue disproportionately to partners in large law firms because the judiciary is more likely to pierce the LLP veil in the context of small law firms organized as LLPs, thereby creating a further divide between the two "hemispheres" of lawyers. Third, LLPs represent another step in the commercialization of the legal profession, suggesting that we ought to reflect on how to distinguish between the practice of law and the carrying on of other businesses, and re-evaluate the benefits associated with being members of a profession.
Derzeit ist sowohl in der Hochschulforschung als auch in der Hochschulpolitik geradezu inflationär von 'Professionalisierung' die Rede. Das modische Schlagwort bezieht sich hier allerdings nicht auf die eigenlogische Rationalität von Forschung und Lehre, sondern dient als Chiffre für eine Rationalitätssteigerung in ökonomisch-administrativer Hinsicht. Die so verstandene 'Professionalität' und ihr vermeintlicher Rationalitätsgewinn erscheinen aus professionalisierungstheoretischer Perspektive eher als Bedrohung und Erosion der Logik professionellen wissenschaftlichen Handelns, denn als Stärkung und Bekräftigung ihrer eigenlogischen Struktur. (HoF/Text übernommen)
E-government development has put pressure on public organizations to work with electronic information. Records from complex e-government services have to be captured and managed in order to be accessible both in the present and in the long term. The data and analysis presented is based on a multiple case study of nine Swedish local governments (municipalities) identified as good ex-amples of best practice of e-government. An analytical model for recordkeeping awareness in three arenas: the legal, the political and the workplace has been created in order to identify how political decisions and new technology impact on professional archivists' practice and status. The research findings demonstrate a gap between the legal and workplace arenas in both directions caused by lack of recordkeeping awareness primarily within the political arena. Archivists´ profes-sional status seems to be limited, which opens up possibilities for other profes-sional groups to replace them. ; Tidigare titel i sammanläggningsavhandling: Archivists 2.0 Redefining the archivist's profession in the digital age
The purpose of this study is to investigate the perception and extent of professionalism practiced by secretaries of Principal Officers in Government Tertiary Institutions in Edo State, Nigeria. Four research questions were drawn. The instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire. The result obtained showed that all the secretarial professionals are trained professional secretaries based on their qualifications with the exception of only one secretary who is not trained as a secretary. All respondents agreed with what constitutes professionalism. Result also revealed to a large extent the secretary's adherence to the ethics of the secretarial profession. The issue of viability of the professional body seems to be a major problem in the secretarial profession. Based on the findings of this study, recommendations were made. Thus, professionalism can only be achieved if the professional body is adequately empowered by law thereby making it obligatory for all those working as secretaries/Office Managers to be members of the professional body. Adequate enlightenment should be made of the positive impact of the secretarial professional body; getting the best from the professional secretaries through exposure to current skills required by secretaries in and outside Nigeria.
This item is part of the Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements (PRISM) digital collection, a collaborative initiative between Florida Atlantic University and University of Central Florida in the Publication of Archival, Library & Museum Materials (PALMM).
National audience ; Avec les événements du Heysel, l'Angleterre s'est trouvée une fois de plus au ban de l'Europe. Le choc des images a nourri l'anglophobie la plus établie et fait vaciller la fidélité des amoureux de la particularité anglaise ; la charge des hooligans (après la guerre des Malouines, le mouton néo-zélandais et le fief de la famille Wellington à Waterloo) a prouvé qu'on ne peut cohabiter avec l'Angleterre, que des insulaires ne peuvent être qu'étranges et barbares. Toutefois, le recul et l'attention à ce que certaines émissions sportives ont pu nous apprendre des supporters des diverses équipes italiennes ont permis de calmer le jeu : des Allemands, des Hollandais, des Français. sont prêts à en découdre avec les supporters adverses. Laissons de côté les débats sur la responsabilité de la police belge ou de l'UEFA et constatons simplement que le football est un bon révélateur des passions européennes et un événement qui pose, en direct, des questions de morale de l'image (fallait-il diffuser le match ?.).
The dissertation consists of three studies examining three different regulatory issues that affect the auditing profession. The first study has two main foci. First, the study investigates the impact of Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) on the Big 4 fee premium. Second, the study investigates the relationship between the size of an audit client and annual fee change. The results show that in the post-SOX environment, clients of non-Big 4 firms have experienced greater increases in audit fees than the clients of the Big 4 firms, resulting in a diminishing Big 4 premium. This is consistent with the notion that non-Big 4 clients had to make significant adjustments to meet post-SOX quality requirements by increasing their effort (and consequently audit fees). The results also show audit firms' large clients experience the largest percentage increase in audit fees. This is consistent with the theoretical view of consumer surplus, where the large clients, with more resources, have greater levels of consumer surplus, which is being captured by the audit firms. The study contributes to our understanding of the impact of SOX on audit fee premium and the economics of audit market competition in different client segments. The second study is focused on three main areas: 1) the relationship between audit fees and audit market concentration on a country level; 2) the effect of a country's litigation regime on the relationship between audit fees and market concentration and 3) the inter-relations between competition, fees, and quality in the market for audit services. The study is motivated by the current debate in the United States and the European Union about the possible problems associated with the current oligopolistic structure of the audit market. The contribution of this study lies in the fact that it provides a multi-national empirical investigation of the audit competition-fee relationship, and examination of how country-level fees affect the competition-quality relationship, while controlling for country level factors. Results show a negative relationship between country-level market concentration and audit fees but only in highly litigious countries, suggesting that the firms are able to obtain economies of scale in more concentrated markets and are willing to pass savings down to their clients. However this relationship only holds for the clients of the Big N firms. Analysis of audit quality suggests that audit quality is higher in more concentrated markets but mediation analysis did not show that the fees mediate the relationship between audit quality and market concentration. The third study addresses current regulatory debate about the responsibility of the principal auditor in the group audit environment. Current United States standards allow the principal auditor to disavow responsibility for parts of the audit which were performed by a third party auditor by referencing them in the auditor's opinion and then indicating the part of the audit which was performed by them. This disclaimer of responsibility is prohibited under the international auditing standards, which require the principal auditor to be responsible for the entire group audit. Specifically, this study examines 1) audit quality implications related to such opinions, and 2) the relationship between having a shared opinion and audit fees. The results show that the audit quality is significantly lower for the firms whose audit opinion referenced a third party auditor. The results also provide some evidence that audit fees are lower in shared responsibility situations. ; 2013-08-01 ; Ph.D. ; Business Administration, Dean's Office CBA ; Doctoral ; This record was generated from author submitted information.
This Chapter reviews the critical literature on the emergence, development and demise of the professional model in accounting and auditing. While the critical accounting literature is broad and amorphous, in this Chapter the focus is on those studies that present an "immanent critique" of professionalization (i.e. an analysis of the contradictions of this institutional form) or which place the accounting profession within a political economy framework that examines its position at the nexus of the economy, civil society and the state. The Chapter is structured as a stylized history of the accounting profession beginning with the emergence of professional associations, the closure of the profession through the use of ascriptive criteria for membership, the profession's engagement with the power of the state and the embedding of accounting expertise in regulation, the globalization of the profession and the rise of a commercial model of accounting practice. The Chapter ends by identifying pressing research issues that arise from the emergence of accounting as a "post-professional" occupation. This perspective assumes that the commercial model of accounting does not simply replace the professional model but rather generates diverse hybrid institutions with emergent features that will require empirical and theoretical work to fully appreciate.
