Suchergebnisse

National audience since the early 1980s, the emergence of radical right-wing populist parties in Europe has relaunched long-standing debates on the impact of electoral regimes. The development of a new pan-European far-right has contributed to renewed interest in analysing the effects of voting methods, their degree of openness and the opportunities they offer new entrants to integrate the politico-electoral arena. With, in essence, an implicit indictment of a proportional regime deemed far too 'favourable' to radical parties, while majority systems would, in contrast, act as a remedy against this new wave of extremism. ; National audience Depuis le début des années 1980, le surgissement sur la scène européenne de partis de droite radicale populiste a relancé des débats déjà anciens quant à l'impact des régimes électoraux. Le développement d'une nouvelle extrême-droite pan-européenne a contribué à renouveler l'intérêt notamment pour l'analyse des effets des modes de scrutin, leur degré d'ouverture et les opportunités qu'ils offrent aux nouveaux entrants d'intégrer l'arène politico-électorale. Avec, pour l'essentiel, une mise en accusation implicite d'un régime proportionnel jugé par beaucoup trop "favorable" aux partis radicaux, tandis que les systèmes majoritaires agiraient, par contraste, comme des remparts contre cette nouvelle vague d'extrémisme.

Summary in English. Contains data for each department since the late 1970s.

Author's name at head of title. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Préface.--Critique de la loi belge sur la représentation proportionnelle.--Système Yves Guyot-Émile Macquart.--Le problème de la vraie représentation politique.--Le principe proportionnel dans les élections municipales françaises.--Le principe proportionnel dans les élections des conseils généraux et d'arrondissement.--Le suffrage universel, ses deux cadres, ses trois modes de scrutin. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Experimental elections made in Montreal, Paris and Brussels compare the direct influence of the voting system on the voters' decision whether to vote or not, and vote for their preferred party or another party. In all, 16 groups of 21 voters take part in elections under different electoral systems, that is: simple plurality and proportional representation. Preferences are randomly assigned and known by all participants. Our results indicate that voting is globally not more sincere and that voter turnout is not higher when the number of seats liable to be obtained increases. However, we observe less desertion of small parties under the proportional system. Adapted from the source document.

This article analyses the effect of the electoral system on the election of women to the Swiss Federal Assembly (1995-2003). The respective literature has often emphasised how important proportional representation is for a better representation of women in parliament. Most contributions to this debate concentrated on the percentage of female deputies. We argue that all candidates and their careers must be considered in order to understand the election of women. We show that, in the Swiss National Council, the women- friendly effect of proportional representation operates not so much during the elections, but already in the process of candidate nomination. This is especially true for centre and right-wing parties. Adapted from the source document.

Explores implications of proportional representation for parliamentary representativeness, regional polarization, and majority governments as an option for electoral reform; analyzes simulations based on the Nov. 30, 1998 election in Quebec and Nov. 27, 2000 federal election; Canada. Summary in English.