Suchergebnisse

André Breton était un écrivain surréaliste et théoricien qui, par son détachement de l'ordinaire, a réussi à attirer beaucoup d'attention dans le XXe siècle. Même aujourd'hui beaucoup d'analystes littéraires tentent de comprendre son travail. En raison de sa contribution a ce mouvement, dont il était aussi le fondateur, Breton était considéré comme le père du surréalisme. Ce mémoire analyse la liaison entre la science et la littérature - psychanalyse et surréalisme. Breton s'est familiarisé avec les théories de Freud lors de son travail à l'hôpital militaire. Les œuvres de Freud sur l'existence de l'irréel, ou l'inconscience, ont tellement impressionné Breton qu'il a décidé d'associer son travail littéraire à cette sphère de la vie humaine. Les théories sur l'inconscient, l'hypnose, les rêves et les maladies mentales, qui forment la base du surréalisme, constituent la partie essentielle de la psychanalyse aussi. Breton a écrit chacun de ses travaux selon ces fondements, qui apparaissent pour la première fois dans le Manifeste du surréalisme, et définissent le surréalisme comme un automatisme psychique pur. L'automatisme a été défini plus tôt dans Les Champs magnétiques, écrits en collaboration avec le surréaliste Philippe Soupault, ce qui sera analysé dans ce mémoire. Par ailleurs, on analysera l'élément psychanalytique des rêves dans Les Vases communicants et la folie dans Nadja. ; André Breton bio je nadrealistički pisac i teoretičar koji je svojim odskakanjem od uobičajenog uspio privući veliku pozornost u XX. stoljeću te mnogi književni kritičari i dan danas pokušavaju dokučiti smisao njegovih djela. Zbog svog zauzimanja za ovaj pokret, kojem je bio i osnivač, Breton je nazvan ocem nadrealizma. U ovom magistarskom radu analizira se spoj znanosti i književnosti – psihoanalize i nadrealizma. Breton se upoznao s Freudovim teorijama tijekom svog rada u ratnoj bolnici. Freudova djela o postojanju nerealnog, odnosno nesvjesnog ostavila su tako jak dojam na Bretona da je on odlučio povezati svoj književni rad s tom sferom čovjekova života. U psihoanalizi dominiraju teorije o nesvjesnom, hipnozi, snovima i mentalnim bolestima koje predstavljaju i sam temelj nadrealizma. Breton je svako svoje djelo pisao po tim načelima postavljenim najprije u Manifestu nadrealizma koji određuju nadrealizam kao čisti psihički automatizam. Automatizam je bio definiran još ranije djelom Magnetska polja napisanim u suradnji s nadrealistom Philippom Soupaultom što će biti analizirano u ovom radu. Osim toga, analizirat će se psihoanalitički element snova u Spojenim posudama i ludilo u Nadji. ; André Breton was a surrealist writer and theorist who, with his detachment from the ordinary, managed to attract a lot of attention in the XX century. Even today many literary analysts try to understand his work. Because of his contribution to this movement, of which he was also the founder, Breton is regarded as the father of surrealism.This thesis analyzes the link between science and literature - psychoanalysis and surrealism. Breton became familiar with Freud's theories during his work at the military hospital. Freud's works on the existence of unreality, or unconsciousness, impressed Breton so much that he decided to associate his literary work with this sphere of human life. Theories of the unconscious, hypnosis, dreams and mental illnesses, which are the basis of surrealism, are the essential part of psychoanalysis as well. Breton wrote each of his works according to these foundations, present firstly in the Manifesto of Surrealism, which define surrealism as a pure psychic automatism. Automatism was defined earlier in The Magnetic Fields, written in collaboration with the surrealist Philippe Soupault, which will be analyzed in this thesis. Moreover, we will analyze the psychoanalytic element of dreams in Communicating Vessels and the madness in Nadja.

Summary In the long history of Western music, whose direct background is often located in ancient Greece, the listener and listening has undergone multiple changes. Historical, social and political determinants, which go beyond the specific musical field, underlie the way to listen. However, musical conversions are indispensable in order to come closer to an understanding of the changes that occur in the listener and in the act of hearing a musical work. In this work, a number of questions guide the analysis and reflections. How do noise transformations occur in Modernism and how do they affect listening? What has been the place of music and the sound dimension for psychoanalysis (Freud and Lacan)? And what relationships can be established between such transformations and psychoanalysis? ; Resumen En la larga historia de la música occidental, cuyo antecedente directo se suele ubicar en la antigua Grecia, el oyente y la escucha han experimentado múltiples cambios. Determinantes históricos, sociales y políticos, que exceden el campo específicamente musical, subyacen al modo de escuchar. No obstante, las transformaciones musicales resultan ineludibles para aproximarse a una comprensión de los cambios que se producen en el oyente y en el acto de oír una obra musical. En este trabajo una serie de preguntas guían el análisis y las reflexiones. ¿De qué modo se producen las transformaciones sonoras en el Modernismo y cómo afectan la escucha? ¿Qué lugar ha tenido la música y la dimensión de lo sonoro para el psicoanálisis (Freud y Lacan)? Y, ¿qué relaciones se pueden establecer entre dichas transformaciones y el psicoanálisis?

This paper discusses how psychoanalytic ideas were brought to bear in the Allied struggle against the Third Reich and explores some of the claims that were made about this endeavour. It shows how a variety of studies of Fascist psychopathology, centred on the concept of superego, were mobilized in military intelligence, postwar planning and policy recommendations for 'denazification'. Freud's ideas were sometimes championed by particular army doctors and government planners; at other times they were combined with, or displaced by, competing, psychiatric and psychological forms of treatment and diverse studies of the Fascist 'personality'. This is illustrated through a discussion of the treatment and interpretation of the deputy leader of the Nazi Party, Rudolf Hess, after his arrival in Britain in 1941.

Bibliography: leaves 333-354. ; This thesis engages a multi-disciplinary theoretical approach to identifying, analysing, and interpreting discourse relating to the feminine and the maternal found at the intersection of psychoanalysis, feminism, and religion. The study explores embodiment, gender, and the sacred as expressed in symbolic representations of the mother and the institution of motherhood in patriarchy. I have therefore drawn on Freudian and post-Freudian theories, gender analysis, feminist critical analysis, and classical Hindu goddess myth to discern ways in which sacred images of the mother serve to reinforce the oppression of women on the one hand and can be transformed to provide empowering symbols for women's lived reality on the other. Theory of sacred space is also employed, particularly with regard to the human production of the sacred through the contested politics of sacred space.

In the novel Burger's Daughter, Nadine Gordimer's (1923 -2014) treatment of Rosa after her return to her country-a character who repudiates the Law of the father- is an account in which the phallocentric ideology and desire reenact the tenets of Lacanian theory. In order to proclaim her autonomy Rosa can revolt only against another insurgent because her father is a political activist and fights for freedom in a strictly racist ideology. In their home children have few rights to express themselves. In such a complicated situation Rosa is able to reach her subjectivity only when she gains a boyfriend, and stays away from her father's ideology. Her parents are blind to the fact that her role as a partner denies the reality of her emotions. All in all, Rosa who is introduced as "Little Rosa Burger" at the beginning of the novel becomes once again a child at the final section of the novel. She lives a destiny which has been prepared for her. In the novel women either white or black who want to get beyond the bounds of the Law are trapped; their belief in the ideology leads them to shun or annihilate anything that might endanger that ideology, leaving them no way out. Rosa runs up against the boundaries of a white male hegemony, underscoring her inability to find any space outside the ideology that defines her. The aim of this paper is to see in what ways Rosa is the embodiment of the psyche of her society. It focuses on the ways in which Rosa negotiates subjectivity. Where she internalize the law-of-the-Father, and when she rejects her imposed identity. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s2p383

Este trabalho surge com o intuito de problematizar a psicanálise como método de interrogação do sujeito, propondo uma reflexão sobre as formas como a própria psicanálise porta uma vocação utópica, enquanto ferramenta política, a partir de sua visão acerca do sujeito e da proposição de uma ética. Propomo-nos a analisar de que forma os regimes econômicos lapidaram as subjetividades. Movimentos de resistência a essas lógicas de silenciamento da vida têm surgido, abrindo novos espaços simbólicos para um pensamento de práticas utópicas e suas reverberações éticas para uma política de vida. ; Este trabajo surge con el fin de problematizar el psicoanálisis como método de interrogación del sujeto, proponiendo una reflexión acerca de la forma en que el propio psicoanálisis conlleva una vocación utópica, en cuanto herramienta política, a partir de su visión acerca del sujeto y de la proposición de una ética. Nos proponemos a analizar la manera en que los regímenes económicos lapidaron las subjetividades. Movimientos de resistencia a esta lógica de silenciamiento de la vida han surgido, cediendo el paso a nuevos espacios simbólicos para un pensamiento de prácticas utópicas y sus repercusiones éticas para una política de vida. ; This study aims to problematize psychoanalysis as a method of interrogation of the subject, proposing a reflection on the ways that psychoanalysis itself carries a Utopian vocation, whilst being a political tool, from its view about the subject and the proposition of an ethic. We aim to examine how economic regimes formed subjectivities. Resistance movements to these types of life silencing logic have emerged, opening new symbolic spaces to think about Utopian practices and their ethical reverberations to the politics of life. ; Ce travail vise à problématiser la psychanalyse en tant que méthode d'interrogation du sujet, en proposant une réflexion sur la question de savoir sous quelles formes la propre psychanalyse porte une vocation utopique, comme un outil politique, à partir de sa vision du sujet et de la proposition d'une éthique. Nous proposons d'examiner comment les régimes économiques ont taillé des subjectivités. Des mouvements de résistance à ces logiques de faire taire la vie ont émergé, en ouvrant de nouveaux espaces symboliques pour une pensée des pratiques utopiques et leurs réverbérations éthiques pour une politique de la vie.

Breakthroughs in thinking are usually made by rendering certain differences less different. Works of art, political mots d'ordre, scientific creations – as well as psychoanalytic interpretations - are capable of novelty precisely because, through these creations, we have access to a standpoint from which what has come before suddenly emerges as a field of variations contained within certain historical restrictions. New artistic experiments reveal the formal commitments of previous artistic sequences, new political affirmations can "subtract" us from ideologically overdetermined political conflicts, scientific abstraction can determine invariances which turn previous general claims into regional ones, just as surprising love encounters can lead us to reassess a life of repetitions and insisting idealizations. Such seems to also be the proper way of evaluating the merit of David Pavón-Cuéllar's new book, Marxism and Psychoanalysis: In or Against Psychology? (Routledge, 2017), for it introduces a certain productive indifference into the otherwise disparate and conflicting attempts to bind Marx and Freud together. In doing so, Pavón-Cuéllar has both shone a light on the internal organization of this research program and opened up interesting lines of inquiry which cut across any particular stance one might take regarding this important intellectual project

My purpose here will be to try and outline the principle upon which a political bond, free from the imaginary and symbolical preconceptionswhich allegedly define the nature of political subjects can be founded. In other words, a political bond which would not be determined by 'society', and the imaginary and symbolic identifications it forces upon it. Such politics – that I define as minimal – ought to be impervious to thecurrently prevailing social discourses. It cannot possibly rely on upon them. Devising politics in such a way boils down to drawing the lessonsfrom history : basing the political bond upon any Other (be it God, race, sex, money etc.) always ends up justifying inequalities, exclusions, evenexecutions, in the name of that Other and its imperatives. Should one refuse to conceive of politics in such a way, what happens ? On the one hand,the subjects – whom we now should call citizens -, thus freed of any social identification, will enjoy equality and universal rights ; on the otherhand, one must have the courage to accept a political bond whose legitimacy does not stem from that Other. Thus judicial and political minimalismenables citizens to form political bonds independently of social relationships : political bonding necessarily entails a rejection of social bonding. To conceive of a bond which will not be subservient to a master signifier, to attempt to 'decomplete' the Other and to conceive of the relationshipas a non-relationship cannot be done without the contribution of Lacan's works. Once again, it leads us to tackle the oft-discussed question of theconnection between politics and psychoanalysis. ; Aquí estamos tratando de esbozar los principios de un vínculo político liberado de las presuposiciones imaginarias y simbólicas que definirían la naturaleza de los sujetos políticos. En otras palabras: de un vínculo político que no estaría determinado por la "sociedad" y las identificaciones imaginarias y simbólicas que impone al vínculo político. Tal política, que describimos como minimalista, debe ser indiferente a todas las consignas sociales: debe negarse a basarse en ellas. Decidir pensar en política de esta manera es sacar las consecuencias de una lección de la historia: basar el vínculo político en otro (Dios, raza, sexo, dinero, etc.) siempre determina justificar desigualdades, exclusiones, incluso asesinatos en nombre de este Otro y sus imperativos. Si rechazamos así cualquier fundamento político, ¿qué queda? Por un lado, el ejercicio de la igualdad y la universalidad de los derechos de los sujetos despojados de toda identificación social: deben llamarse "ciudadanos"; Por otro lado, el coraje de asumir un vínculo político sin la garantía de otro que encontraría este vínculo. Así, el minimalismo jurídico-político afirma que la conexión política de los ciudadanos tiene lugar en una no relación social: el principio de la conexión política es necesariamente la no conexión social. Sin embargo, concebir un enlace no subordinado a un significante maestro, tratar de "descomponer" el Otro y pensar en la relación en forma de no relación, es aprender de Lacan. Por lo tanto, es nuevamente confrontar la cuestión, tan a menudo estudiada, del vínculo entre política y psicoanálisis.

This article discusses the development of a psycho-cultural approach that brings together object relations psychoanalysis and cultural studies to explore the psycho-dynamics of culture, politics and society. While foregrounding the work of Donald Winnicott and other psychoanalysts influenced by his ideas, I contextualise that approach by tracing my own relationship to the study of psychoanalysis and culture since I was a Cultural Studies student in the 1980s and 1990s and also my engagement with the psychoanalytic scene that existed in London at that time. I have since applied a psycho-cultural lens to the study of masculinity and emotion in cinema and more recently to the study of emotion and political culture in Europe and the US. The article provides an example of that work by discussing the populist appeal of Donald Trump in the US and Nigel Farage in the UK, where the contradictory dynamics of attachment, risk and illusion are present when communicating with their supporters and the general public

The article presents a research in the field of psychoanalysis and philosophy. The main thesis of the work is that Freud's psychoanalytic concept is an extension of the rationalist philosophy of Descartes, which contradicts well-established in the field of humanities postulate that psychoanalysis – an irrational conception. The text deals with the concept of the decentered subject as the foundation of non-classical ideal of rationality, which is discussed in connection with the discovery of Freud's unconscious function for models of cognition in the late XIX – early XX century. Also in the article analyzes the connection «psychic» and «political» dimensions of subjectivity in the long term feasibility of free action. The main question of the article is: can we consider the mental apparatus as a repressive machine that constitutes the subject as an effect of the production of power or resources of psychic have a liberation potential?Key words: psychoanalysis, philosophy, subject, unconscious, rationalism, psychic, power, action. ; Основной тезис статьи состоит в том, что психоаналитическая концепция Фрейда является продолжением рационалистической философии Декарта, данное положение опровергает устоявшийся в области гуманитарного знания постулат, утверждающий психоанализ как иррационалистическую концепцию. В работе рассматривается понятие децентрированного субъекта как основания неклассического идеала рациональности, о котором ведется речь в связи с открытием Фрейдом значения функции бессознательного для моделей познания в конце XIX – начале XX в. В статье также проводится анализ связи «психического» и «политического» измерений субъективности в перспективе возможности осуществления свободного действия. Ставится вопрос: можем ли мы рассматривать психический аппарат как репрессивную машину, конституирующую субъекта как эффект производства власти, или ресурсы психики обладают освободительным потенциалом?

La autora muestra, a partir de Foucault, aspectos de la historia de la Psiquiatría como ciencia, parte de la Medicina contemporánea. Las investigaciones clínicas siguieron tradicionalmente standarizaciones impregnadas del positivismo lógico. El comienzo de Estados fuertes, soberanos y democráticos, como marco social, fue, también, la "gran empresa" del Siglo XX, coincidente con la época del nacimiento de la ciencia moderna. La autora se refiere al proyecto social como donador de sentidos para la vida ciudadana. El Psicoanálisis freudiano aportó al campo de la Neuropsiquiatría el develamiento de los sentidos personales de un síntoma neurótico dentro de una relación especial: la transferencia. La autora recorre, asimismo, autores como Zukerfeld y Bateson para ilustrar conceptos como el de "tercera tópica" y el de los juicios "a priori" que dificultan las investigaciones conjuntas del Psicoanálisis y la Psiquiatría. Finalmente, la autora hace referencia a la trasmisión de la experiencia clínica y a la multidisciplina en el quehacer conjunto de la Psiquiatría y el Psicoanálisis contemporáneos. ; In this paper, following Foucault, the author shows aspects of the Psychiatry's history as a real modern contemporary medicine science. The research in Psychiatry traditionally followed the basic and biological science. The beginning of strong states and modern democracies was the "great enterprise" of the 20th Century in remarkable coincidence with the beginning of the modern science. Th e cultural meanings were given by the democratic states´ ideals. Psychoanalysis discovered the personal meanings of neurotic symptoms, in a special relationship: the transference. The author takes under consideration concepts of Zukerfeld and Bateson's theories as "third topic" and prejudgments to the entire research between Psychiatry and Psychoanalysis. Finally, the author refers to the clinical experience as a multidisciplinary fi eld of experiences, necessary work in the contemporary Psychiatry and Psychoanalysis. ; El artículo completo se encuentra publicado en la revista Sinopsis , Revista de la Asociación de Psiquiatras Argentinos (APSA) año 24, no. 48, 2011, p. 7-11. ; Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos "Prof. Dr. R. Rossi"

This article deals with the programme of a "topography" of the political subject: it is an attempt at writing the politics of "modernity" and the typical aporias inherent in its discursive regimes, in order to correlate the question of political subjectivation with the unconscious. Its purpose is not an "applied psychoanalysis", nor a political psychology, but a problematisation of what repeats itself in politics, and what constitutes a "symptom" in such a repetition. Following Etienne Balibar's analyses of the "proposition d'égaliberté" and the "three concepts of politics", I attempt to articulate three components of the political modernity: the order of repetition, of which we have to understand the logics to catch its binding effect; the equivocity of the figures of the political subject, which is the main effect of this compulsion of repetition, but yet the only way to make it politically and subjectively productive; the contradiction between the universality of political discourse and its limit, a limit that politics confronts less as a border with its "extensive" other (as being "non-political") than as the internal intensive differences putting politics into crisis (as being "impolitical"). ; Pričujoči članek se ukvarja s programom »topografije« političnega subjekta. Je poskus pisanja politike »moderne« in tipičnih aporij, notranjih njenim diskurzivnim režimom, zato da bi izpostavil zvezo med vprašanjem politične subjektivacije in nezavednim. Članek ne meri na »uporabno psihoanalizo«, niti na politično psihologijo, temveč na problematizacijo tistega, kar se v politiki ponavlja, kar tvori »simptom« v takem ponavljanju. Sledeč Balibarjevim analizam »propozicije o enakosti-svobodi« in »trem pojmom politike«, avtor artikulira tri sestavine politične moderne: red ponavljanja, čigar logiko moramo dojeti, zato da bi lahko zapopadli njegov učinek povezovanja: ekvivokacijo figure političnega subjekta, ki je poglavitni učinek te prisile k ponavljanju, a hkrati tudi edini način, kako ga narediti politično in subjektivno produktivno: protislovje med univerzalnostjo političnega diskurza in njegovo mejo, ki jo politika srečuje manj v obliki meje z njenim »ekstenzivnim« drugim (kot »ne-politično«) kakor v obliki notranjih intenzivnih razlik, ki izzovejo krizo politike (kot »impolitično«).

En un primer momento planteo cómo una parte de la tradición política de izquierda, ha dejado de lado la rigidez de sus planteamientos históricosuniversales, para abrirse a las turbulencias de una teoría del sujeto, esto para intentar no aplastar la singularidad de aquellos que articulan un movimiento emancipatorio. En este punto, me centro en la influencia del psicoanálisis freudiano-lacaniano y de los aportes del filósofo político Ernesto Laclau. A partir de este marco, propongo analizar la particularidad de la subjetividad chilena neoliberal actual, su relación con la política, con el individualismo y con la violencia. Rescato un posible punto de inflexión de todo esto a partir del movimiento estudiantil del 2011, que abrió un pequeño agujero en la dinámica política y la posibilidad de construir ahí un nuevo proyecto que aloje una subjetividad menos narcisista. Argumento de que el psicoanálisis, si bien es una práctica clínica que trabaja con la singularidad de cada sujeto, también debe tener una posición ética en el campo social y frente al empuje del discurso capitalista neoliberal que, consolidado luego de los grandes desastres del siglo XX, lleva a la destrucción del tejido social. At first I consider how a part of the leftist political tradition, it has put aside the rigidity of its historical-universal approaches, to open to the turbulences of a theory of the subject, this to try not to crush the singularity of those who articulate an emancipatory movement. At this point, I focus on the influence of Freudian-Lacanian psychoanalysis and the contributions of the political philosopher Ernesto Laclau. From this framework, I propose to analyze the particularity of the current Chilean neoliberal subjectivity, its relation with politics, with individualism and with violence. Rescue a possible turning point of all this from the student movement of 2011, which opened a small hole in the political dynamics and the possibility of building there a new project that houses a less narcissistic subjectivity. I argue that psychoanalysis, although it is a clinical practice that works with the singularity of each subject, must also have an ethical position in the social field and against the thrust of neoliberal capitalist discourse that, consolidated after the great disasters of the 20th century, leads to the destruction of the community relationship.

This paper gathers a literature review of 72 documents which follows an interdisciplinary dialogue between Political Sciences and Psychoanalysis. In its elaboration, documents from Freudian and Lacanian orientations were selected, within three major objectives: Research about the political from Psychoanalysis; research from political analysis using psychoanalytical tools; and theoretical and methodological dialogues. Such contribution is relevant at the expense of a lack of another literature reviews. It also propitiates a mutually rich dialogue between Political Sciences and Psychoanalysis. The latter amplifies the clinical field, offering tools to understand the spirit of the age, and allowing the rupture of an unifier epistemology of classic science. Including the singularity of the subjects in political phenomena. ; El artículo recoge la elaboración de un estado del arte de 72 documentos que muestran el diálogo interdisciplinar entre la ciencia política y el psicoanálisis. En su elaboración se seleccionaron textos de orientaciones freudianas y lacanianas con tres lógicas de diálogo: investigaciones de lo político desde el psicoanálisis; investigaciones desde el análisis político con herramientas psicoanalíticas; y diálogos teóricos y metodológicos. Su contribución es pertinente ante la ausencia de revisiones de la literatura existente similares, además de propiciar un diálogo mutuamente enriquecedor entre la ciencia política y el psicoanálisis. Este último amplía el campo clínico al ofrecer herramientas que permiten comprender el espíritu de la época y romper con la epistemología homogenizadora de la ciencia clásica, al incluir la singularidad de los sujetos en los fenómenos políticos.

In this article were given information about different psychological types. It is noted that, when the bio-physiological ethnic structural system of nation is affected in psychology there should be formed psychology. In each period men and women formalize society instructure who obtained social and psychological types of characters from national spirit appropriate for themselves. Moreover, in this procedure the determinant as if being society itself. But acutally, the female psychology serves as an important cause by formalizing social character by formalizing. In the article notes that from the theory of Erich Fromm's social character one can come to the conclusion that the deterministic connection between the psychology of society and man does not happen in one direction. The society forms a special mechanism for the "production" of a person of his own type. We told about one of these mechanisms, and another mechanism is employment. It is clear that if only accurate and accurate people are employed to work with good wages, this act will eventually become a mechanism and "produce" a new generation of neat people. Or, if women like more men with consumer psychology, this will lead to the fact that fashion producers among men will become urgent. On the other hand, the social characters that society considered relevant, adversely affecting this society, creates new processes in it. The Germans and the English, known for their accuracy and pedanticity, are the products of this mechanism. At the same time, the Germans and the British created by their character a lot of changes in the world, politics and science. The Italians and the French are also Europeans. But the fact that they did not get the name of accurate and accurate people indicates that the listed qualities are not generally inherent in the mentality of Europe, although in comparison with Arabs and Afghans accuracy, accuracy of Italians and French are much higher. This means that the mentality, the social character of the Germans and the British, had a ...