Suchergebnisse

"In diesem Arbeit werden vor allem 5 Themen behandelt: 1. die unterschiedlichen Geräusche, die in einer Stadt vorkommen und zu öffentlichen Beschwerden führen, 2. internationale Studien über die Auswirkungen von Umweltlärm auf die Wohnbevölkerung, 3. unsere eigene letzte Studie, in der die Auswirkungen von Straßenverkehrslärm auf die Bevölkerung einer Großstadt und mit den Auswirkungen anderer Umweltlärmquellen verglichen wurden, 4. methodologische Probleme bei der Anwendung sozialwissenschaftlicher Daten auf ökologische und politische Entscheidungen, und 5. potentielle Auswirkungen von Lärmschutzmaßnahmen. Als Hauptwirkungen des Umweltlärms werden Bevölkerungsreaktionen angesehen, die systematisch mit dem Niveau der akustischen Belastung variieren: 1. Unzufriedenheit mit der Geräuschsituation in der Wohngegend, 2. Störungen intendierter Aktivitäten (z.B. Unterhaltung, Telefonieren, Fernsehen etc.), 3. Verhaltensmaßnahmen gegen Lärm (z.B. Fenster schließen), 4. Neigung, aus der Wohngegend fortzuziehen, 5. Verärgerung über Lärm und 6. wahrgenommene psychovegetative Wirkungen (z.B. Schlafstörungen und Kopfschmerzen). Im Fall des Straßenverkehrslärm sind bis zu 40 Prozent der Varianz von Bevölkerungsreaktionen systematisch mit der Varianz akustischer Belastungskennwerte verknüpft. Weitere 30 bis 40 Prozent der Varianz von Bevölkerungsreaktionen sind systematisch mit sogenannten Moderatoren verknüpft - das sind Faktoren im betroffenen Menschen, die auf eine Verarbeitung der Belastung Einfluß nehmen (z.B. die Überzeugung, man selbst oder der Staat könne etwas gegen den Lärm unternehmen). Weitere Wirkungen des Lärms, die von anderen Quellen stammen, werden besprochen. Diese stehen allgemein in weniger engem Zusammenhang mit den akustischen Kennwerten der Belastung." (Autorenreferat)

In this study a multilevel conceptual framework is developed for the study of racism in organization as seen by African-Americans. Three levels are defined: institutional racism, racial climate, and personal discrimination. Perceptions of racism on each of these levels are related to racial identity, using the Racial Identity Attitudes Scale, to determine if racial identity is associated with perceptions of racism. The results, based on a sample of Blacks in a state bureaucracy, indicated that racial identity was the best predictor of perceptions of racial climate and personal discrimination. For example: Blacks who reported Pre-Encounter racial identity attitudes (i.e., those who were White-identified and Black-rejective) saw less racism in the workplace, whereas those who endorsed Internalization attitudes (i.e., those who were Black-identified but not anti-White) saw more. In addition, two factors were identified in racial climate: (a) Experience and Intensity of Racism and (b) Management Power and Policy. These themes were consistent with the literature, and they were found throughout the data. Implications for organizational consultation and change are considered, especially the implications of African-American intragroup diversity.

Examines NATO's entry into the Kosovo conflict, objective and psychological factors behind the Serbian expulsion of Albanians from Kosovo, and arguments for and against NATO's intervention.

The article deals with the main approaches to the study of the problem of cybercommunicative personality dependence in domestic and foreign psychology. It is shown that the problem of psychological predisposition has not been studied in the foreign psychology, mainly the various aspects of the study of dependence, which are conducted in the main directions as an individual variable - cognitive, motivational, emotional and behavioral characteristics of the dependent personality and as a set of behavioral features. The problem of dependent personality is represented by several areas: dependence on the Internet, network gambling and other numerous varieties of dependence. Mostly dependence is seen as a consequence of interpersonal transactions within social groups that create the effect of "social dependence"; dependence as a set of behavioral features. In Ukrainian psychological science, in broad sense, addiction is seen as a specific way of thinking, perception and interpretation, of feeling and of the outside world. The main features of online dependencies are: obsessional passion for work at a computer (games, programming or other activities); pathological commitment to online gambling, online auctions or virtual purchases; Dependence on the social use of the Internet (chatting in chat, group games and teleconferencing), etc.

Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) cause more than 80% of all acute respiratory diseases. Like most viral pathogens of SARS, coronaviruses are RNA viruses, but they have the largest genome in terms of size - about 29 thousand nucleotides. Live anti-coronavirus vaccines have been developed for dogs and domestic chickens, because their respective varieties cause severe chronic infection and high viral mortality.

This article presents the role and influence of social factors on the development of education in Kazakhstan.Transformation of consciousness of the people led to the of the Kazakh people. The educational system defines alevel of formation of youth outlooks. The last is thatpsychological environment within the limits of there is anacquisition of knowledge. On the basis of interests, valuableorientations processes of training, education anddevelopment of a personality are carried out. Thus, theoutlook allows to integrate knowledge, defines a vitalposition and spiritual shape of people. In other words,formation, and outlook are interconnected amongthemselves that speaks about an urgency of formation of outlook in teaching and educational process. One of the basic directions of formation is education of Kazakhpatriotism, formation of national consciousness. InKazakhstan purposeful work on formation of positive tolerant relation is necessary.