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AbstractSingle Urban Fund, urban mass transit assistance, no fare/low fare concepts, direct and indirect aid to transit systems (both public and private) to help meet operating costs—all are part of the problems and the solutions for financing public transportation.

Increased urbanization has brought in its wake intensive traffic congestion. The role that is and can be played by public transport in major cities to ease the situation is discussed. The author, Director of the Turkish Municipal Association, prepared this paper in connection with IULA's 25th Congress. (DSE)

This report is categorized into five categories: (I) Introduction, (II) What is Public Transportation, (III) Funding the Federal Transportation Program, (IV) How are Federal Dollars Spent?, and (V) Program Structure.

Contracting is often discussed as a cutback mechanism for public managers. The empirical evidence indicates that there are little savings in contracting out due to transaction costs. Public transit agencies exhibit path-dependent behavior; there are tangible conversion costs that may preclude changing the provision of services. As such, public managers should consider the provision of services very carefully as it may set an agency on a long-term trajectory that will be difficult to change due to both conversion and transaction costs.

by Addie Renner There needs to be greater investment in infrastructure and the electrification of public transportation in Charlotte, North Carolina. Poor public transportation infrastructure has many consequences and is discussed often, whether it's the airportContinue reading