Suchergebnisse

Recently in many countries private sector are increasingly involved in financing and implementation of state and municipal investment projects related to public infrastructure and public service development and improvement. However, in Lithuania, public-private sector partnership implementation remains a novelty, as joint projects implementation are hampered by imperfect legislation, negative public attitudes, practices and lack of knowledge in this field. It is therefore appropriate in this work to examine all the circumstances that prevent public sector to cooperate with the private sector. Accordingly, PPP condition and prospects in Lithuania are analyzed. The aim of this work is to analyze alternatives of public and private sector cooperation, focusing on projects that are implementing under partnership principle. This objective is reached presenting concept of public-private sector partnership, the main principles and point. Also in this work are presented a review of projects implementing under partnership schemes, a more detailed PPP legislation analysis and evaluation. There is also given a questionnaire survey to assess cooperation opportunities in municipality of Lithuania. Results of survey presented that raised hypothesis was approved. There are not enough good conditions for public and private sector cooperation in Lithuania. Observed trend that in a joint project with private partner are applied other more often used forms, like lease or public procurement contracts. These projects can be identified as having characteristics of PPP projects. The amount of work is: 70 pages, 5 tables, 21 pictures. 82 references have been used.

Recently in many countries private sector are increasingly involved in financing and implementation of state and municipal investment projects related to public infrastructure and public service development and improvement. However, in Lithuania, public-private sector partnership implementation remains a novelty, as joint projects implementation are hampered by imperfect legislation, negative public attitudes, practices and lack of knowledge in this field. It is therefore appropriate in this work to examine all the circumstances that prevent public sector to cooperate with the private sector. Accordingly, PPP condition and prospects in Lithuania are analyzed. The aim of this work is to analyze alternatives of public and private sector cooperation, focusing on projects that are implementing under partnership principle. This objective is reached presenting concept of public-private sector partnership, the main principles and point. Also in this work are presented a review of projects implementing under partnership schemes, a more detailed PPP legislation analysis and evaluation. There is also given a questionnaire survey to assess cooperation opportunities in municipality of Lithuania. Results of survey presented that raised hypothesis was approved. There are not enough good conditions for public and private sector cooperation in Lithuania. Observed trend that in a joint project with private partner are applied other more often used forms, like lease or public procurement contracts. These projects can be identified as having characteristics of PPP projects. The amount of work is: 70 pages, 5 tables, 21 pictures. 82 references have been used.

Since 1996, the US Department of Energy's Office of Industrial Technologies (USDOE) has been involved in a unique voluntary collaboration with industry called the Allied Partner program. Initially developed under the Motor Challenge program, the partnership concept continues as a central element of USDOE's BestPractices, which in 2001 integrated all of USDOE's near-term industrial program offerings including those in motors, compressed air, pump, fan, process heating and steam systems. Partnerships are sought with end use industrial companies as well as equipment suppliers and manufacturers, utilities, consultants, and state agencies that have extensive existing relationships with industrial customers. Partners are neither paid nor charged a fee for participation. Since the inception of Allied Partners, the assumption has been that these relationships could serve as the foundation for conveying a system energy-efficiency message to many more industrial facilities than could be reached through a typical government-to-end-user program model. An independent evaluation of the Motor Challenge program, reported at the last EEMODS conference, attributed US $16.9 million or nearly 67 percent of the total annual program energy savings to the efforts of Allied Partners in the first three years of operation. A recent evaluation of the Compressed Air Challenger, which grew out of the former Motor Challenger program, attribute additional energy savings from compressed air training alone at US $12.1 million per year. Since the reorganization under BestPractices, the Allied Partner program has been reshaped to extend the impact of all BestPractices program activities. This new model is more ambitious than the former Motor Challenge program concerning the level of collaborative activities negotiated with Allied Partners. This paper describes in detail two new types of program initiatives involving Allied Partners: Qualified Specialist Training and Energy Events. The Qualified Specialist activity was conceived as a way of engaging the supply side of industry, consultants, and utilities to greatly increase use of decision making software developed by USDOE to assist industrial facilities in assessing the energy efficiency of their energy-using systems. To date, USDOE has launched Qualified Specialist training with member companies of the Hydraulic Institute (HI) and with distributors and consultants associated with the Compressed Air Challenge. These activities train and qualify industry professionals to use and to train customers to use USDOE's Pumping System Assessment Tool (PSAT) and AIRMaster + software programs, respectively. The industry experts provide a public benefit by greatly increasing customer access to the software and assessment techniques. Participating Specialists anticipate a business benefit by providing a valuable service to key customers that is associated with USDOE. The Energy Event concept was developed in 2001 in cooperation with the California Energy Commission in response to the state's energy crisis and has been extended to other geographic areas during 2002. The three California events, named "Energy Solutions for California Industry," relied on Allied Partners to provide system-based solutions to industrial companies as both speakers and exhibitors. These one-day events developed a model for a serious solutions-oriented format that avoids the typical trade show atmosphere through strict exhibitor guidelines, careful screening of speaker topics, and reliance on case studies to illustrate cost- and energy-saving opportunities from applying a systems approach. Future plans to use this activity model are discussed as well as lessons learned from the California series.

The private sector is playing an important role in funding scientific research. In this work, seven case studies from Argentina, China, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Tanzania, Peru, the Philippines and Vietnam examine how policies have been developed and implemented to encourage innovation.

There is increasing interest in the use of public-private partnerships in emerging markets. But what does this actually require governments to do if they are to establish successful long term partnerships with private partners and ensure that public partner has the right information, on the right projects, for the right partners at the right time.? This book takes the reader through the steps in the life of a PPP to provide a realistic overview of what is required successfully to engage and manage such a partnership from the early stages. Drawing on experience from both mature and developing PPP markets across the world, the book assesses the policies, processes and institutions that are needed to select the right projects and manage the preparation of projects for market and their subsequent operation. It also looks at the role of advisers, and how they should be selected and used. Particularly in light of the recent financial crisis, the various approaches used to finance projects are also considered together with the policy responses that governments have recently adopted. Case studies are used to illustrate the key messages throughout. The book recognizes that governments will use a wide range of PPPs in different sectors and that legal and administrative systems vary. The purpose of the book is to identify and bringing clarity to the underlying principles so that there is a better understanding of why and how the various processes are carried out. This book is aimed primarily at public officials who are involved with delivery of infrastructure projects and services through partnership with the private sector as well as institutions who are looking to support PPP programmes.

This book deals with a key feature of globalization: the rise of regulation beyond the state. It examines the emergence of transnational regulatory cooperation between public and private actors and pursues an inquiry that is at once legal, empirical and theoretical. It asks why a private actor and an international organization would regulate cooperatively and what this tells us about the material meaning of concepts such as 'expertise', 'authority' and 'legitimacy' in specific domains of global governance. Additionally, the book addresses the structures and patterns in which cooperation evolves and how this affects the broader global order. It does so through an investigation of two public-private cooperative agreements: one between the International Standards Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the Global Compact and the International Labor Organization and one between the International Olympic Committee and the United Nations Environment Programme

The governments of China and the United States - despite profound differences in history, culture, economic structure, and political ideology - both engage the private sector in the pursuit of public value. This book employs the term collaborative governance to describe relationships where neither the public nor private party is fully in control, arguing that such shared discretion is needed to deliver value to citizens. This concept is exemplified across a wide range of policy arenas, such as constructing high speed rail, hosting the Olympics, building human capital, and managing the healthcare system. This book will help decision-makers apply the principles of collaborative governance to effectively serve the public, and will enable China and the United States to learn from each other's experiences. It will empower public decision-makers to more wisely engage the private sector. The book's overarching conclusion is that transparency is the key to the legitimate growth of collaborative governance.

Cover -- Copyright -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Acronyms & Abbreviations -- List of Boxes -- List of Tables -- List of Figures -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Public Private Partnerships - Solutions to Meet Infrastructure Investment and Management Improvement Needs -- The infrastructure challenge -- Public private partnerships - a possible solution -- Risks, asset responsibility and types of PPP structures -- 1.2 Characteristics of Urban and Peri-Urban Water and Wastewater Services -- The current state of play in the water sector -- New trends in PPP designs -- Wastewater service issues -- 1.3 Can PPPs be an Effective Solution for the Challenges of the Water and Wastewater Sector? -- Key questions -- Achieving value for money in PPP arrangements -- 1.4 Outline of the Book -- PART 1 - Background to the sector and PPP -- PART 2 - Main factors influencing effective development and operation of PPP schemes -- PART 3 - Developing sustainable PPP arrangements -- Summary conclusions and recommendations -- Endnotes -- Part I: Background to the Sector & PPP -- Chapter 2: Sector issues in the water & waste water service -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Strategic Planning, Policy Considerations & the Country Context -- Level of decentralization -- Managing water resources -- Integrated water resources management -- 2.3 Social Aspects -- Small private operators -- Ensuring access for all -- The customer approach -- 2.4 Summary and Conclusions -- Chapter 3: Incorporating private sector participation -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Literature Review and Considerations for PPP in the Provision of Water and Wastewater Services -- Frameworks conducive to PPP in the water and wastewater sector -- 3.3 Overview of Possible PPP Contract Structures -- PPPs and the European Union -- Specific PPP forms in the water sector -- Service contracts -- Management contracts.

The collection of papers brings out the complexities in PPP in terms of types, conceptualization, structure, institutions, and financing. It covers a broad sweep ranging from infrastructure to services and utilities; and from global to Indian states. The methodology is primarily empirical but the thrust is on conceptualization of PPP in its various forms and frameworks. PPP is still a practitioner's field but is growing in size and significance; and as a solution to failures of public system and the consequent privatization. It is a major attraction to policy makers and funding agencies given