Suchergebnisse

El propósito general de este artículo es describir y analizar los modos de concebir al agricultor familiar como sujeto de las políticas y programas de desarrollo rural. Partiendo del supuesto de que el pequeño productor o agricultor familiar posee un rol protagónico en los procesos vinculados con el desarrollo rural, en este trabajo se intentará comprender cómo ha variado la concepción del mismo en la continuidad de cinco programas de desarrollo rural financiados por el Fondo Internacional de Desarrollo Agrícola (FIDA) en Argentina. El tratamiento de esta temática en el marco de dichos programas nos permitirá dar cuenta de momentos diferentes de contextualización de la problemática de la agricultura familiar y el modo de generar políticas para este sector de la población rural. Para la realización de este trabajo se presenta un encuadre metodológico de tipo cualitativo con un diseño flexible a partir de diversas fuentes documentales primarias (documentos de los programas, informes de gestión, etc.) y entrevistas a informantes calificados (funcionarios que han participado de la gestión y administración de los mismos). ; The main purpose of this article is to describe and to analyze different ways of conceiving family farm as subject of rural development, both, policies and programs. Assuming that the small family farmer or producer has a central role in the process of rural development, this paper will try to contribute to the understanding of how this role has changed in the continuity of five rural development programs financed by the International Found for Agricultural Development (FIDA in its Spanish translation) in Argentina. The treatment of this issue will allow us to account different times of contextualization of the problem of family farm and the way to generate policies for this sector of the rural population. To perform this paper, we use a qualitative methodological framework, we analyze various documentary primary sources program documents, management reports and others) and we make some interviews with key informants (all of them involved in the management of rural development management). ; Fil: Nogueira, Maria Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Cs.politicas y Rel.internacionales. Escuela de Ciencia Politica; Argentina ; Fil: Urcola, Marcos Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Humanidades y Artes; Argentina

The School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo is gratefully acknowledged for a Ph.D. scholarship to K.G.P. The Norwegian Research Council (FRIPRO/FRINATEK 230470) is gratefully acknowledged for funding to T.V.H. J.D. received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant no. 677542) and the Barts Charity (grant no. MGU0343). J.D. is also supported by a Sir Henry Dale Fellowship jointly funded by the Wellcome Trust and the Royal Society (grant no. 107613/Z/15/Z). This work is also supported by a Wellcome Trust Infrastructure (grant no. 101604/Z/13/Z).

We present an overview of a new integral field spectroscopic survey called MaNGA (Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory), one of three core programs in the fourth-generation Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) that began on 2014 July 1. MaNGA will investigate the internal kinematic structure and composition of gas and stars in an unprecedented sample of 10,000 nearby galaxies. We summarize essential characteristics of the instrument and survey design in the context of MaNGA's key science goals and present prototype observations to demonstrate MaNGA's scientific potential. MaNGA employs dithered observations with 17 fiber-bundle integral field units that vary in diameter from 12 '' (19 fibers) to 32 '' (127 fibers). Two dual-channel spectrographs provide simultaneous wavelength coverage over 3600-10300 angstrom at R similar to 2000. With a typical integration time of 3 hr, MaNGA reaches a target r-band signal-to-noise ratio of 4-8 (angstrom(-1) per 2 '' fiber) at 23 AB mag arcsec(-2), which is typical for the outskirts of MaNGA galaxies. Targets are selected with M* greater than or similar to 10(9) M-circle dot using SDSS-I redshifts and i-band luminosity to achieve uniform radial coverage in terms of the effective radius, an approximately flat distribution in stellar mass, and a sample spanning a wide range of environments. Analysis of our prototype observations demonstrates MaNGA's ability to probe gas ionization, shed light on recent star formation and quenching, enable dynamical modeling, decompose constituent components, and map the composition of stellar populations. MaNGA's spatially resolved spectra will enable an unprecedented study of the astrophysics of nearby galaxies in the coming 6 yr. ; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation ; National Science Foundation ; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science ; Carnegie Mellon University ; Colorado University ; Boulder ; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Participation Group ; Johns Hopkins University ; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe ; Max-Planck-Institut fuer Astrophysik (MPA Garching) ; Max-Planck-Institut fuer Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) ; Max-Planck-Institut fuer Astronomic (MPIA Heidelberg) ; National Astronomical Observatories of China ; New Mexico State University ; New York University ; Ohio State University ; Penn State University ; Shanghai Astronomical Observatory ; United Kingdom Participation Group ; University of Portsmouth ; University of Utah ; University of Wisconsin ; Yale University ; World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan ; People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme FP7 under REA PITN-GA-2011-289313 ; Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Xdb09000000 ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 11333003 ; Royal Society University Research Fellowship ; Sloan Foundation ; Packard Foundation ; Grainger Foundation ; McDonald Observatory

RESUMEN: La investigación en la que se inscribe este artículo partió de la convicción de que la nueva cultura audiovisual o mediática en la que se desenvuelven la infancia y la juventud está exigiendo legítimamente una atención y una reorientación educativa adecuada por parte del profesorado de la educación formal. Este estudio se enmarca en un proyecto I + D financiado por el gobierno español; el objetivo es detectar y evaluar el nivel de competencia mediática del profesorado no universitario de España a partir de las respuestas a un cuestionario que integra seis dimensiones de la competencia mediática y nuevas tecnologías de la comunicación (lenguaje, tecnología, recepción e interacción, producción y difusión, ideología y valores, y aspectos estéticos). A partir del diagnóstico realizado, pretendemos sentar las bases de un programa de capacitación o formación en competencia mediática dirigido al profesorado no universitario. La muestra de profesorado fue de 905 profesores pertenecientes a centros públicos, privados y concertados de este país. Como instrumento de medida se aplicó un cuestionario online diseñado ex profeso para la investigación destinado al profesorado de Educación Infantil, Primaria, Secundaria y Formación Profesional. El análisis se ha apoyado en cálculos estadísticos descriptivos y correlacionales. Se consideraron como variables predictoras de la competencia mediática del profesorado la localidad de procedencia, el género, el grado de formación recibida, la etapa en la que se imparte docencia y la titularidad del centro. Los resultados mostraron que el profesorado alcanza unos niveles competenciales adecuados, e incluso en un alto porcentaje obtiene niveles elevados. No obstante, otro sector muestra que es necesario incidir en su formación para incrementarlos. El trabajo finaliza presentando las líneas generales de actuación de un futuro programa de formación en competencia mediática dirigido al profesorado no universitario. ; ABSTRACT: The research on which this article is part started from the conviction that the new audiovisual and media culture in which children and youth unfolds is legitimately demanding attention and appropriate educational reorientation by teachers of formal education. This study is part of a R & D project funded by the Spanish government, the goal is to detect and assess the level of media competence of non-university teachers of Spain from responses to a questionnaire that integrates six dimensions of media competence and new communication technologies (language, technology, reception and interaction, production and dissemination, ideology and values, and aesthetics). Since the diagnosis made, we intend to lay the foundations of a training program or training in media literacy aimed at non-university teachers. The sample of teachers amounted to 905 teachers from public, private and charter schools in this country. As measuring an on -line questionnaire designed specifically for the intended research faculty nursery, primary, secondary and vocational training was applied. The analysis has been based on correlational descriptive and statistical calculations. Were considered as predictors of the perception of teachers about their media competence, locality, gender, level of education received, the stage in which teaching is delivered and ownership. The results showed that the teachers achieved adequate levels of competence, even in a high percentage gets high. However, another section shows how it is necessary to influence their formation to increase them. The work ends with the presentation of the general guidelines of a future training program in media competence not addressed to university professors.

La investigación en la que se inscribe este artículo partió de la convicción de que la nueva cultura audiovisual o mediática en la que se desenvuelven la infancia y la juventud está exigiendo legítimamente una atención y una reorientación educativa adecuada por parte del profesorado de la educación formal. Este estudio se enmarca en un proyecto I + D financiado por el gobierno español; el objetivo es detectar y evaluar el nivel de competencia mediática del profesorado no universitario de España a partir de las respuestas a un cuestionario que integra seis dimensiones de la competencia mediática y nuevas tecnologías de la comunicación (lenguaje, tecnología, recepción e interacción, producción y difusión, ideología y valores, y aspectos estéticos). A partir del diagnóstico realizado, pretendemos sentar las bases de un programa de capacitación o formación en competencia mediática dirigido al profesorado no universitario. La muestra de profesorado fue de 905 profesores pertenecientes a centros públicos, privados y concertados de este país. Como instrumento de medida se aplicó un cuestionario online diseñado ex profeso para la investigación destinado al profesorado de Educación Infantil, Primaria, Secundaria y Formación Profesional. El análisis se ha apoyado en cálculos estadísticos descriptivos y correlacionales. Se consideraron como variables predictoras de la competencia mediática del profesorado la localidad de procedencia, el género, el grado de formación recibida, la etapa en la que se imparte docencia y la titularidad del centro. Los resultados mostraron que el profesorado alcanza unos niveles competenciales adecuados, e incluso en un alto porcentaje obtiene niveles elevados. No obstante, otro sector muestra que es necesario incidir en su formación para incrementarlos. El trabajo finaliza presentando las líneas generales de actuación de un futuro programa de formación en competencia mediática dirigido al profesorado no universitario. ; The research on which this article is part started from the conviction that the new audiovisual and media culture in which children and youth unfolds is legitimately demanding attention and appropriate educational reorientation by teachers of formal education. This study is part of a R & D project funded by the Spanish government, the goal is to detect and assess the level of media competence of non-university teachers of Spain from responses to a questionnaire that integrates six dimensions of media competence and new communication technologies (language, technology, reception and interaction, production and dissemination, ideology and values, and aesthetics). Since the diagnosis made, we intend to lay the foundations of a training program or training in media literacy aimed at non-university teachers. The sample of teachers amounted to 905 teachers from public, private and charter schools in this country. As measuring an on -line questionnaire designed specifically for the intended research faculty nursery, primary, secondary and vocational training was applied. The analysis has been based on correlational descriptive and statistical calculations. Were considered as predictors of the perception of teachers about their media competence, locality, gender, level of education received, the stage in which teaching is delivered and ownership. The results showed that the teachers achieved adequate levels of competence, even in a high percentage gets high. However, another section shows how it is necessary to influence their formation to increase them. The work ends with the presentation of the general guidelines of a future training program in media competence not addressed to university professors.

Computer-based games and simulations provide the means for practicing essential elements of combat which in a realistic exercise setting would require substantial resources in terms of personnel, time, and investments. Another important aspect of such games and simulations is the possibility to make use of gameplay log data for conducting debriefings, etc. This paper presents a study where relatively simple computer simulations were developed to improve poorly supported training aspects, and support debriefing and measuring of training outcome. A previous feasibility study showed a lack of systematical implementation of tactical-level military training simulation support. In the feasibility study, three Swedish military units were chosen to illuminate a number of varying and currently undeveloped tactical-level training domains where games and simulations can make a difference, to evaluate the potential training benefits in terms of learning and organizational practices. The feasibility study showed and exemplified that there exist many tactical-level military training domains that are likely to benefit from using relatively simple computer simulations, and also that the same system can be a support for both the training audience and the exercise management. Based on the feasibility study, this paper presents a proof of concept agent based simulation system that has been implemented and validated within the scope of a military command post exercise. Through using a generic agent based simulation engine along with commonly accepted communication protocols, the potential to complement and provide an additional edge to today's procedures can be achieved using comparatively small efforts. The paper is concluded by presenting a generic approach to easily implement agent based simulation support at undeveloped tactical domains, and best practices for doing so. ; QC 20161219

The article analyses the linguistic landscape of public signage in the cities of Almería, Łódź and Tarrasa (Barcelona). In particular, it deals with commercial signs related to sport The sport has been chosen because it is one of the great social referents nowadays. Contrastive analysis shows the predominance of international names. This tendency even exceeds the linguistic legislation that defends the use of vernacular languages. It is, then, a situation that reproduces the globalization processes of the current world. The empirical experience has also allowed to deal with some theoretical and methodological issues related to the study of the linguistic landscape. ; El artículo analiza el paisaje lingüístico de la cartelería pública en las ciudades de Almería, Łódź y Tarrasa (Barcelona). En concreto, se ocupa de los letreros comerciales relacionada con el deporte. Se ha elegido el deporte por ser uno de los grandes referentes sociales en la actualidad. Ese análisis contrastivo demuestra el predominio de nombres internacionales. Esa tendencia supera incluso la legislación lingüística que defiende el uso de lenguas vernáculas. Se trata, pues, de una situación que reproduce los procesos de globalización del mundo actual. La experiencia empírica ha permitido también tratar algunas cuestiones teóricas y metodológicas relacionadas con el estudio del paisaje lingüístico. The article analyses the linguistic landscape of public signage in the cities of Almería, Łódź and Tarrasa (Barcelona). In particular, it deals with commercial signs related to sport The sport has been chosen because it is one of the great social referents nowadays. Contrastive analysis shows the predominance of international names. This tendency even exceeds the linguistic legislation that defends the use of vernacular languages. It is, then, a situation that reproduces the globalization processes of the current world. The empirical experience has also allowed to deal with some theoretical and methodological issues related to the study of the linguistic landscape.

Navigating Congress in the age of partisanship / Jacob R. Straus and Matthew E. Glassman -- Drafting the law : players, power, and processes / Scott Levy -- Keeping the team together : explaining party discipline and dissent in the U.S. Congress / Matthew Green and Briana Bee -- The motion to recommit in the U.S. House / Jennifer Hayes Clark --- Evolution of the reconciliation process, 1980-2015 / James V. Saturno -- Post-committee adjustment in the contemporary House : the use of Rules Committee prints / Mark J. Oleszek -- Longitudinal analysis of one-minute speeches in the House of Representatives / Colleen J. Shogan and Matthew E. Glassman -- A good leader never blames his tools : the evolving majority-party toolkit in the U.S. Senate / Aaron S. King, Frank J. Orlando, and David W. Rohde -- The electoral politics of procedural votes in the U.S. Senate / Joel Sievert -- Partisanship, filibustering, and reform in the Senate / Gregory Koger -- Irregular order : examining the changing congressional amending process / Michael S. Lynch, Anthony J. Madonna, and Rachel Surminsky -- From base closings to the budget : exceptions to the filibuster in the U.S. Senate / Molly E. Reynolds -- Intraparty caucus formation in the U.S. Congress / James Wallner -- Gender and party politics in a polarized era / Michele L. Swers -- The government shutdown of 2013 : a perspective / Walter J. Oleszek

As the USSR undertakes the transition to a market economy, western
words and concepts to describe business and management activity are
becoming increasingly used there. The semantic discrepancies between the
English word "businessman" and the Soviet word biznesmen are advanced as examples. But the main focus of attention is on
the use and implications of the Russified forms of "manager"
and "management", which are becoming very fashionable in the
USSR. A short historical review of these terms in the Soviet context is
followed by a discussion of the impact of perestroika on the
evolution of management as it becomes increasingly independent of Party
and planners. Attention is paid to the distinction between industrial
managers and entrepreneurs seeking to establish small businesses in the
USSR. Use is made of Russian‐language sources.

There is a surfeit of willing buyers for companies in Europe, and a
scarcity of attractive businesses for sale at realistic prices.
Practical advice is provided to carry out a successful cross‐border
acquisition search, illustrated with examples from real life. Companies
should define their acquisition requirements and carry out a
comprehensive search to find suitable companies. Then direct contact
should be made with them to explore the possibility of acquisition. An
additional avenue is to contact the professional advisers who advise
vendors, including merchants banks, specialist advisers and accountancy
firms. When searching overseas, there is no effective substitute for
someone working in the country concerned and speaking the local
language. So it may make some sense to appoint professional advisers to
carry out the search, but top management must choose and appoint them
with care.

Full list of authors: Baldi, R. D.; Williams, D. R. A.; McHardy, I. M.; Beswick, R. J.; Brinks, E.; Dullo, B. T.; Knapen, J. H.; Argo, M. K.; Aalto, S.; Alberdi, A.; Baan, W. A.; Bendo, G. J.; Corbel, S.; Fenech, D. M.; Gallagher, J. S.; Green, D. A.; Kennicutt, R. C.; Klöckner, H. -R.; Körding, E.; Maccarone, T. J.; Muxlow, T. W. B.; Mundell, C. G.; Panessa, F.; Peck, A. B.; Pérez-Torres, M. A.; Romero-Cañizales, C.; Saikia, P.; Shankar, F.; Spencer, R. E.; Stevens, I. R.; Varenius, E.; Ward, M. J.; Yates, J.; Uttley, P. ; We present the second data release of high-resolution (≤0.2 arcsec) 1.5-GHz radio images of 177 nearby galaxies from the Palomar sample, observed with the e-MERLIN array, as part of the Legacy e-MERLIN Multi-band Imaging of Nearby Galaxies Sample (LeMMINGs) survey. Together with the 103 targets of the first LeMMINGs data release, this represents a complete sample of 280 local active (LINER and Seyfert) and inactive galaxies (H ii galaxies and absorption line galaxies, ALG). This large program is the deepest radio survey of the local Universe, ≳1017.6 W Hz-1, regardless of the host and nuclear type: we detect radio emission ≳0.25 mJy beam-1 for 125/280 galaxies (44.6 per cent) with sizes of typically ≲100 pc. Of those 125, 106 targets show a core which coincides within 1.2 arcsec with the optical nucleus. Although we observed mostly cores, around one third of the detected galaxies features jetted morphologies. The detected radio core luminosities of the sample range between ∼1034 and 1040 erg s-1. LINERs and Seyferts are the most luminous sources, whereas H ii galaxies are the least. LINERs show FR I-like core-brightened radio structures while Seyferts reveal the highest fraction of symmetric morphologies. The majority of H ii galaxies have single radio core or complex extended structures, which probably conceal a nuclear starburst and/or a weak active nucleus (seven of them show clear jets). ALGs, which are typically found in evolved ellipticals, although the least numerous, exhibit on average the most luminous radio structures, similar to LINERs. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society. ; The authors thank the anonymous referee for his/her helpful comments to improve the manuscript. AA and MAPT acknowledge support from the Spanish MCIU through grant PGC2018-098915-B-C21 and from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the 'Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa' award for the Instituto de Astrof ' isica de Andalucia (SEV-2017-0709). BTD acknowledges support from a Spanish postdoctoral fellowship 'Ayudas 1265 para la atraccion del talento investigador. Modalidad 2: jovenes investigadores.' funded by Comunidad de Madrid under grant number 2016-T2/TIC-2039. BTD also acknowledges support from grant 'Ayudas para la realizaci on de proyectos de I + D para jovenes doctores 2019.' funded by Comunidad de Madrid and Universidad Complutense de Madrid under grant number PR65/19-22417. JHK acknowledges financial support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 721463 to the SUNDIAL ITN network, from the State Research Agency (AEI-MCINN) of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under the grant 'The structure and evolution of galaxies and their central regions' with reference PID2019-105602GB-I00/10.13039/501100011033, and from IAC project P/300724, financed by the Ministry of Science and Innovation, through the State Budget and by the Canary Islands Department of Economy, Knowledge and Employment, through the Regional Budget of the Autonomous Community. JSG thanks the University of Wisconsin-Madison and its Foundation for support of this research through his Rupple Bascom Professorship. FS acknowledges partial support from a Leverhulme Trust Research fellowship. CGM acknowledges support from the University of Bath and Jim and Hiroko Sherwin. e-MERLIN is a National Facility operated by the University of Manchester at Jodrell Bank Observatory on behalf of STFC, part of UK Research and Innovation. ; Peer reviewed