Suchergebnisse

All laboratory schools in the LPTK (Teacher Training Institute) are still in trouble now ¸ so it certainly demands a solution from the public policy dimension. All labschools under the LPTK are all private, whereas the LPTK is a state. This was experienced by UPI (Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia), UNJ (Jakarta State University), UNP (Padang State University), UNDIKSA (Ganesha Education University) and other LPTKs that have Labschool. Until now Labschool has double accountability and responsibility, namely to the LPTK itself and to the Education Office. So in practice there are often disagreements and miscoordination in governance. So demand a better solution. The main problem; how regulations must be built? This research has the advantage for LPTK as an institution providing teaching staff to have various alternative regulations that must be developed. This research approach uses a qualitative approach with the method of "public policy analysis" and comparative studies. Focusing on regulations that should bridge the public's expectations regarding the status of laboratory schools. The results showed: 1) Laboratory School Regulation still needs to be improved so that it is synergistic with the Ministry of Education and Culture regulations as the LPTK laboratory school; 2) The need for academic studies and political-strategic efforts in the Ministry of Education and culture with the Ministry of Finance to issue special regulations on the status of Labschool under the LPTK.

This paper aims to answer this question: What were the causes of the severe slowdown in bank credit in Japan between 1999 and 2005? We test three credit crunch hypotheses, all together. The empirical results uncover the occurrence of a credit crunch that is attributed to bankers' precautionary behavior rather than direct regulatory capital worries.

AbstractA model of packaging waste management is presented to explore the policy options available to governments to implement waste regulation in light of the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). Our model endogenizes the packaging design as an additional determinant for the overall amount of waste jointly with consumers' sorting effort and producers' output decisions. The model shows that the policies that yield the first‐best allocation may not find public support. Furthermore, if the set of available policy instruments is limited, production and consumption of the good is likely to settle on a sub‐optimal level even though the optimal allocation may be achievable. Finally, the model demonstrates that a landfill tax may actually increase landfill waste in the presence of tradable credits for recycling activities. The results shed light on some shortcomings of existing regulatory schemes such as the Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste) Regulations of the UK.

A model of packaging waste management is presented to explore the policy options available to governments to implement waste regulation in light of the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). Our model endogenises the packaging design as an additional determinant for the overall amount of waste jointly with consumers' sorting effort and producers' output decisions. The model shows that the policies that yield the first-best allocation may not find public support. Further, if the set of available policy instruments is limited, production and consumption of the good is likely to settle on a sub-optimal level even though the optimal allocation may be achievable. Finally, the model demonstrates that a landfill tax may actually increase landfill waste in the presence of tradable credits for recycling activities. The results shed light on some shortcomings of existing regulatory schemes such as the Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste) Regulations of the UK.

The history of French broadcasting and the evolution of French politics have been intertwined for the past half-century, and can be divided into three main periods. In the 1960s, known as the decade of State television, the country's political machinery exerted tight control over broadcasting. However, as of 1968, when advertising was allowed on television, French broadcasting entered an era of commercialised State television. In 1982 the State monopoly on broadcasting was abolished and in 1986 private players were allowed to enter the broadcasting market. Today, broadcasting is apparently a dual public-private system, but in reality, it is dominated by one single private company.

The history of French broadcasting and the evolution of French politics have been intertwined for the past half-century, and can be divided into three main periods. In the 1960s, known as the decade of State television, the country's political machinery exerted tight control over broadcasting. However, as of 1968, when advertising was allowed on television, French broadcasting entered an era of commercialised State television. In 1982 the State monopoly on broadcasting was abolished and in 1986 private players were allowed to enter the broadcasting market. Today, broadcasting is apparently a dual public-private system, but in reality, it is dominated by one single private company.

With regard to the debate surrounding current global economic trends and their impact on cross-border economic activities much is heard of the World Trade Organization (WTO), that relatively young organization entrusted with the expansion and regulation of international free trade. It is in this arena that the struggle for the introduction of so-called compulsory social standards takes place. Much less seldom is attention drawn to that other international organi-zation whose mandate and primary task encompasses the establishment of minimum interna-tional standards in the spheres of labour and social policies, the International Labour Organization (ILO). However, it is this organization that actually assumes the crucial role with regard to the emergence of global rules in the area of labour and social policy (global governance). This all the more so since, although international, it is not purely intergovernmental. ; 113