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This paper focuses on the oeuvre of the architect and artist Valdas Ozarinskas (1961– 2014) with the aim to analyse how it manifests criticism. To this aim the work uses the concepts of politics, the regimes of art and heterogenous systems of expression articulated by the French philosopher Jacques Rancière. The premises formulated by the philosopher allow for the linking manifestations of criticism to political subject, which is always formed by extracting itself from an existing order as a surplus in regards to existing categories of identification and classification. Politics is understood here as an intervention into an existing order that aims to reconfigure it. This approach allows for analysing manifestations of criticism without prior definitions of the objects of criticism or its forms of manifestation, that is, taking into account first and foremost those contexts and attitudes implicated in the artwork itself. Four chronological episodes of Valdas Ozarinskas' oeuvre are analysed in this thesis, spanning the period between 1988 and 2014, and various fields of art – architecture, interior design, photography, art actions, objects and installations, stage design and exhibition design. His oeuvre unfolds as a stage of heterogenous criticism, closely connected to various processes in the life of Lithuanian society and enabled by situationist, actionist and deconstruction strategies within its concurrent environment. Predominant directions of criticism manifesting in his work are described as techno-optimism, a criticism of homogenous visibility and a disillusionment with the development of democracy in the independent Lithuania. His attitudes towards art appear to be in close proximity to Rancière's concept of the aesthetic regime of art. This confirms the hypothesis that the oeuvre of Ozarinskas reflects a belief that art must change the world – which can be linked to 20th century avantgarde movements and based on formal qualities displayed in the oeuvre.

This paper focuses on the oeuvre of the architect and artist Valdas Ozarinskas (1961– 2014) with the aim to analyse how it manifests criticism. To this aim the work uses the concepts of politics, the regimes of art and heterogenous systems of expression articulated by the French philosopher Jacques Rancière. The premises formulated by the philosopher allow for the linking manifestations of criticism to political subject, which is always formed by extracting itself from an existing order as a surplus in regards to existing categories of identification and classification. Politics is understood here as an intervention into an existing order that aims to reconfigure it. This approach allows for analysing manifestations of criticism without prior definitions of the objects of criticism or its forms of manifestation, that is, taking into account first and foremost those contexts and attitudes implicated in the artwork itself. Four chronological episodes of Valdas Ozarinskas' oeuvre are analysed in this thesis, spanning the period between 1988 and 2014, and various fields of art – architecture, interior design, photography, art actions, objects and installations, stage design and exhibition design. His oeuvre unfolds as a stage of heterogenous criticism, closely connected to various processes in the life of Lithuanian society and enabled by situationist, actionist and deconstruction strategies within its concurrent environment. Predominant directions of criticism manifesting in his work are described as techno-optimism, a criticism of homogenous visibility and a disillusionment with the development of democracy in the independent Lithuania. His attitudes towards art appear to be in close proximity to Rancière's concept of the aesthetic regime of art. This confirms the hypothesis that the oeuvre of Ozarinskas reflects a belief that art must change the world – which can be linked to 20th century avantgarde movements and based on formal qualities displayed in the oeuvre.

This paper focuses on the oeuvre of the architect and artist Valdas Ozarinskas (1961– 2014) with the aim to analyse how it manifests criticism. To this aim the work uses the concepts of politics, the regimes of art and heterogenous systems of expression articulated by the French philosopher Jacques Rancière. The premises formulated by the philosopher allow for the linking manifestations of criticism to political subject, which is always formed by extracting itself from an existing order as a surplus in regards to existing categories of identification and classification. Politics is understood here as an intervention into an existing order that aims to reconfigure it. This approach allows for analysing manifestations of criticism without prior definitions of the objects of criticism or its forms of manifestation, that is, taking into account first and foremost those contexts and attitudes implicated in the artwork itself. Four chronological episodes of Valdas Ozarinskas' oeuvre are analysed in this thesis, spanning the period between 1988 and 2014, and various fields of art – architecture, interior design, photography, art actions, objects and installations, stage design and exhibition design. His oeuvre unfolds as a stage of heterogenous criticism, closely connected to various processes in the life of Lithuanian society and enabled by situationist, actionist and deconstruction strategies within its concurrent environment. Predominant directions of criticism manifesting in his work are described as techno-optimism, a criticism of homogenous visibility and a disillusionment with the development of democracy in the independent Lithuania. His attitudes towards art appear to be in close proximity to Rancière's concept of the aesthetic regime of art. This confirms the hypothesis that the oeuvre of Ozarinskas reflects a belief that art must change the world – which can be linked to 20th century avantgarde movements and based on formal qualities displayed in the oeuvre.

This article analyzes the normative legal acts of the independence period of Lithuania, which have regulated the formation of political parties, the legal framework of their activities and meetings. These normative legal acts' influence on the formation of the political party system of Lithuania is discussed. The research is made on the legalization process of illegal organizations and political parties. It pays attention to the changes of legal regulation of political parties and its dependence on the regime. Moreover, the article compares legal regulation in different periods of development of the regime of the Republic of Lithuania in 1918–1940. Furthermore, the comparison of the changes of legal regulation within the periods of 1918–1926 (the period of the democratic regime) and 1926–1940 (the period of the undemocratic regime) is made.

This article analyzes the normative legal acts of the independence period of Lithuania, which have regulated the formation of political parties, the legal framework of their activities and meetings. These normative legal acts' influence on the formation of the political party system of Lithuania is discussed. The research is made on the legalization process of illegal organizations and political parties. It pays attention to the changes of legal regulation of political parties and its dependence on the regime. Moreover, the article compares legal regulation in different periods of development of the regime of the Republic of Lithuania in 1918–1940. Furthermore, the comparison of the changes of legal regulation within the periods of 1918–1926 (the period of the democratic regime) and 1926–1940 (the period of the undemocratic regime) is made.

The article reviews the role of intelectuals in shaping the public opinion in Lithuania during the period of national revival movements and national consciousness development during political, social and economic changes in the public sphere, when in a revolutionary way the repressive regime is being destroyed and democracy begins developing, almost without a certain historical framework. When analysing in the media aspect, it becomes important that the nature and interpretation of information and reality are truthful when people are being mobilized for social changes, as are also social elite regulation, relevant for the implementation of the new goals and concepts. Historically, the cultural and political revival of the Lithuanian press is associated with the concept of freedom: freedom of speech, which arouses pepole's awareness – raising and dissemination of national identity and publications as the national statehood, self-esteem and the idea of implementing measures of publishing and spreading advanced experience. When analysing the importance of culture publications in the periods of a social and political crisis, the role of intelectuals manifests itselfs. Academia and culture representatives become the editors of actual publications, and the limited periodicals are first of all vivifying and reconstructing historical memory and ethnic cultural heritage, identifying the revoliutionary situation and fulfilling the self-monitoring, self-observing function. Finding the connections between the previous periods of national liberation and their intellectual leaders is actual while analysing the significance of culture publications and their impact on the historical and social breaks.

The article reviews the role of intelectuals in shaping the public opinion in Lithuania during the period of national revival movements and national consciousness development during political, social and economic changes in the public sphere, when in a revolutionary way the repressive regime is being destroyed and democracy begins developing, almost without a certain historical framework. When analysing in the media aspect, it becomes important that the nature and interpretation of information and reality are truthful when people are being mobilized for social changes, as are also social elite regulation, relevant for the implementation of the new goals and concepts. Historically, the cultural and political revival of the Lithuanian press is associated with the concept of freedom: freedom of speech, which arouses pepole's awareness – raising and dissemination of national identity and publications as the national statehood, self-esteem and the idea of implementing measures of publishing and spreading advanced experience. When analysing the importance of culture publications in the periods of a social and political crisis, the role of intelectuals manifests itselfs. Academia and culture representatives become the editors of actual publications, and the limited periodicals are first of all vivifying and reconstructing historical memory and ethnic cultural heritage, identifying the revoliutionary situation and fulfilling the self-monitoring, self-observing function. Finding the connections between the previous periods of national liberation and their intellectual leaders is actual while analysing the significance of culture publications and their impact on the historical and social breaks.

The article reviews the role of intelectuals in shaping the public opinion in Lithuania during the period of national revival movements and national consciousness development during political, social and economic changes in the public sphere, when in a revolutionary way the repressive regime is being destroyed and democracy begins developing, almost without a certain historical framework. When analysing in the media aspect, it becomes important that the nature and interpretation of information and reality are truthful when people are being mobilized for social changes, as are also social elite regulation, relevant for the implementation of the new goals and concepts. Historically, the cultural and political revival of the Lithuanian press is associated with the concept of freedom: freedom of speech, which arouses pepole's awareness – raising and dissemination of national identity and publications as the national statehood, self-esteem and the idea of implementing measures of publishing and spreading advanced experience. When analysing the importance of culture publications in the periods of a social and political crisis, the role of intelectuals manifests itselfs. Academia and culture representatives become the editors of actual publications, and the limited periodicals are first of all vivifying and reconstructing historical memory and ethnic cultural heritage, identifying the revoliutionary situation and fulfilling the self-monitoring, self-observing function. Finding the connections between the previous periods of national liberation and their intellectual leaders is actual while analysing the significance of culture publications and their impact on the historical and social breaks.

The article reviews the role of intelectuals in shaping the public opinion in Lithuania during the period of national revival movements and national consciousness development during political, social and economic changes in the public sphere, when in a revolutionary way the repressive regime is being destroyed and democracy begins developing, almost without a certain historical framework. When analysing in the media aspect, it becomes important that the nature and interpretation of information and reality are truthful when people are being mobilized for social changes, as are also social elite regulation, relevant for the implementation of the new goals and concepts. Historically, the cultural and political revival of the Lithuanian press is associated with the concept of freedom: freedom of speech, which arouses pepole's awareness – raising and dissemination of national identity and publications as the national statehood, self-esteem and the idea of implementing measures of publishing and spreading advanced experience. When analysing the importance of culture publications in the periods of a social and political crisis, the role of intelectuals manifests itselfs. Academia and culture representatives become the editors of actual publications, and the limited periodicals are first of all vivifying and reconstructing historical memory and ethnic cultural heritage, identifying the revoliutionary situation and fulfilling the self-monitoring, self-observing function. Finding the connections between the previous periods of national liberation and their intellectual leaders is actual while analysing the significance of culture publications and their impact on the historical and social breaks.

The object of this study is the state health policy in the field of treatment and prevention of HIV infection in Belarus. The subject of the study is the process of interaction between the State and civil society to solve social problems on the example of the Information Strategy on HIV / AIDS in Belarus. The purpose of the work is to determine and analyze the algorithm for creating an information strategy as a tool for the influence of civil society on state policy in the field of health. To achieve this goal, the following tasks of the master's work were formulated: to consider the stages of development of health policy in Belarus; to analyze the instruments of public policy of the health system; to identify mechanisms of interaction between the state and civil society; to formulate the results of the work of the HIV / AIDS Information Strategy in Belarus; compare information strategies created in Belarus by analogy with the HIV / AIDS Information Strategy, as well as identify the availability of similar health care tools in the field of HIV prevention; predict the effectiveness of the "soft power" method in the implementation of the new version of the HIV Information Strategy for the democratization of society and decision-makers in relation to key groups. The study was conducted using a quality methodology. As a result of the analysis, a mechanism of interaction between the state and civil society to solve social problems was identified, and the possibility of influencing the public health policy process in an authoritarian regime was proved. Possible scenarios for the implementation of the new edition of the document are formulated. Master's work can be useful for political researchers, researchers in international relations, employees of government agencies and for public and international organizations, for wide range of readers interested in the functioning of public health policy as the possibility of influencing the decision-making process.

The object of this study is the state health policy in the field of treatment and prevention of HIV infection in Belarus. The subject of the study is the process of interaction between the State and civil society to solve social problems on the example of the Information Strategy on HIV / AIDS in Belarus. The purpose of the work is to determine and analyze the algorithm for creating an information strategy as a tool for the influence of civil society on state policy in the field of health. To achieve this goal, the following tasks of the master's work were formulated: to consider the stages of development of health policy in Belarus; to analyze the instruments of public policy of the health system; to identify mechanisms of interaction between the state and civil society; to formulate the results of the work of the HIV / AIDS Information Strategy in Belarus; compare information strategies created in Belarus by analogy with the HIV / AIDS Information Strategy, as well as identify the availability of similar health care tools in the field of HIV prevention; predict the effectiveness of the "soft power" method in the implementation of the new version of the HIV Information Strategy for the democratization of society and decision-makers in relation to key groups. The study was conducted using a quality methodology. As a result of the analysis, a mechanism of interaction between the state and civil society to solve social problems was identified, and the possibility of influencing the public health policy process in an authoritarian regime was proved. Possible scenarios for the implementation of the new edition of the document are formulated. Master's work can be useful for political researchers, researchers in international relations, employees of government agencies and for public and international organizations, for wide range of readers interested in the functioning of public health policy as the possibility of influencing the decision-making process.

Cryptocurrency prices have high volatility compared to traditional financial time series. This is the reason why it is hard to predict prices properly using standard models. The aim of this work is to apply the hidden Markov chain model to predict cryptocurrency price direction and to determine regime switching impact to cryptocurrency prices. Various political actions and economic regimes affect cryptocurrency prices. Logarithmic returns used for 2-, 3- ,4- ,5-state hidden Markov model application. It was found that 3-state model is the best to find hidden regimes in cryptocurrency price changes. This model divided cryptocurrency returns according to their volatility into low, medium, and extreme volatility regimes. For the price direction forecast the hidden Markov model was constructed by discretizing the cryptocurrency prices returns into 5 intervals. Based on them, a sequence of observations was formed for 3-year data. The assumption was made that there are two hidden states which represents increasing and decreasing prices. Baum-Welch algorithm was used for learning the model. Then predicted price directions for 3 months data and calculated the accuracy of the model, which was compared with machine learning methods (random forest algorithm, artificial neural network method, and naive Bayesian classifier). In average the prediction made by the hidden Markov model is more accurate than other methods when daily observations are considered.

Cryptocurrency prices have high volatility compared to traditional financial time series. This is the reason why it is hard to predict prices properly using standard models. The aim of this work is to apply the hidden Markov chain model to predict cryptocurrency price direction and to determine regime switching impact to cryptocurrency prices. Various political actions and economic regimes affect cryptocurrency prices. Logarithmic returns used for 2-, 3- ,4- ,5-state hidden Markov model application. It was found that 3-state model is the best to find hidden regimes in cryptocurrency price changes. This model divided cryptocurrency returns according to their volatility into low, medium, and extreme volatility regimes. For the price direction forecast the hidden Markov model was constructed by discretizing the cryptocurrency prices returns into 5 intervals. Based on them, a sequence of observations was formed for 3-year data. The assumption was made that there are two hidden states which represents increasing and decreasing prices. Baum-Welch algorithm was used for learning the model. Then predicted price directions for 3 months data and calculated the accuracy of the model, which was compared with machine learning methods (random forest algorithm, artificial neural network method, and naive Bayesian classifier). In average the prediction made by the hidden Markov model is more accurate than other methods when daily observations are considered.

Cryptocurrency prices have high volatility compared to traditional financial time series. This is the reason why it is hard to predict prices properly using standard models. The aim of this work is to apply the hidden Markov chain model to predict cryptocurrency price direction and to determine regime switching impact to cryptocurrency prices. Various political actions and economic regimes affect cryptocurrency prices. Logarithmic returns used for 2-, 3- ,4- ,5-state hidden Markov model application. It was found that 3-state model is the best to find hidden regimes in cryptocurrency price changes. This model divided cryptocurrency returns according to their volatility into low, medium, and extreme volatility regimes. For the price direction forecast the hidden Markov model was constructed by discretizing the cryptocurrency prices returns into 5 intervals. Based on them, a sequence of observations was formed for 3-year data. The assumption was made that there are two hidden states which represents increasing and decreasing prices. Baum-Welch algorithm was used for learning the model. Then predicted price directions for 3 months data and calculated the accuracy of the model, which was compared with machine learning methods (random forest algorithm, artificial neural network method, and naive Bayesian classifier). In average the prediction made by the hidden Markov model is more accurate than other methods when daily observations are considered.

Cryptocurrency prices have high volatility compared to traditional financial time series. This is the reason why it is hard to predict prices properly using standard models. The aim of this work is to apply the hidden Markov chain model to predict cryptocurrency price direction and to determine regime switching impact to cryptocurrency prices. Various political actions and economic regimes affect cryptocurrency prices. Logarithmic returns used for 2-, 3- ,4- ,5-state hidden Markov model application. It was found that 3-state model is the best to find hidden regimes in cryptocurrency price changes. This model divided cryptocurrency returns according to their volatility into low, medium, and extreme volatility regimes. For the price direction forecast the hidden Markov model was constructed by discretizing the cryptocurrency prices returns into 5 intervals. Based on them, a sequence of observations was formed for 3-year data. The assumption was made that there are two hidden states which represents increasing and decreasing prices. Baum-Welch algorithm was used for learning the model. Then predicted price directions for 3 months data and calculated the accuracy of the model, which was compared with machine learning methods (random forest algorithm, artificial neural network method, and naive Bayesian classifier). In average the prediction made by the hidden Markov model is more accurate than other methods when daily observations are considered.