Suchergebnisse

Describes the origins, development, & operations of South Africa's Constitution. South Africa is a distinctive case as its Constitution does not use the term "federalism," nor does the country identify itself as a federation. Nonetheless, South Africa's Constitution is noteworthy for other federal countries for the way power is distributed among three branches of government (national, provincial, & local) & for its direct expression of tenets of cooperative government. K. Coddon

Text der vom Gemeinsamen Verfassungskomitee des Dreikammerparlaments verabschiedeten Gesetzesvorlage zur Übergangsverfassung. Grundlage bildet die am 17.11.1993 vom Mehrparteienrat angenommene Gesetzesvorlage. Der endgültige Gesetzestext wurde am 22.12.1993 vom Parlament verabschiedet und am 28.01.1994 im Gesetzanzeiger veröffentlicht (Act No 200 of 1993). (DÜI-Eng)

State immunity — Attachment and execution — Embassy bank account — Embassy employee seeking enforcement of judgment against foreign State for arrears of salary — Whether execution could be levied on embassy bank account — Effect on functioning of the mission — Whether general current bank account of foreign State used to cover embassy expenditure immune from execution — Bank account used in part for normal commercial expenditure — Burden of proof as to use of bank account — Whether foreign State required to provide evidence of use of funds in bank accountState immunity — Attachment and execution — Distinction from jurisdictional immunity — Whether restrictive theory of State immunity now recognized by customary international law for execution as well as jurisdiction — Distinction between assets allocated by foreign State for support of sovereign activities and those allocated for ordinary commercial activities — Spanish Constitution, Article 24(1) — Whether limiting recourse to immunity from execution — Whether 412individuals enjoy right to enforce judgment against assets of foreign State exclusively allocated for commercial activities — Whether any requirement that assets should be allocated for the same activity as that which has given rise to the disputeDiplomatic relations — Immunity — Embassy bank account — Account in use for defraying running costs of embassy — Whether subject to execution in receiving State — Whether position governed by Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, 1961, or rules of customary international law — The law of Spain