Suchergebnisse

The article considers the theoretical aspect of journalistic investigation genre features in the information space. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the works of modern journalists (V. Ivanov and O. Dudko, A. Babinets, G. Kryvosheya, V. Zdoroveha, O. Tertychniy, V. Karpenko, and others). The reception of the mentioned researchers' scientific works made it possible to distinguish specific features of analytical genres, including journalistic investigations. The article emphasizes that the so-called "Watergate case" (from the name of the Washington hotel "Watergate", which houses the headquarters of the Democratic Party), founded by the correspondents of The Washington Post, was on the way to the formation of investigative journalism genre. The journalistic investigation changed the course of history and since has taken priority positions among the most prestigious genres of independent media in America and later in European countries. And first of all, because that journalists in these countries were protected by the existing level of democracy. It is outlined that during the period of independence development from the beginning of the 90s of the 20th century, Ukraine has experienced many political and social scandals, during which dozens of officials were forced to resign in disgrace. Basically, the root cause for the discovery of cases was journalistic investigations. Of course, for certain circles, in particular, those involved in big politics, power, business, the intrusion of journalists into these areas, which are mostly semi-closed to the general public, has always been undesirable. It is concluded that after the Revolution of Dignity, investigative journalism became one of the main genres of Ukrainian journalism. This genre fulfills a huge social mission: it aims to expose injustice, violations of the law, or even crimes that are ignored by law enforcement agencies.

The growing popularity of comics in Ukraine and worldwide increases scientific attention to this type of information product. The article is devoted to generalising the leading tendencies in the Comics Study and researching comics in modern humanities. Based on the study devoted to comics professional publications, profile resources of world comics research centres and the current state of understanding the phenomenon of comics magazines and Internet resources, application of review-analytical, historical-chronological, dialectical, socio-communication, and content analysis methods has been detected that the syncretic nature of comics made them a research subject in various sciences and programme subject areas: literary studies, linguistics, cultural study, art history, history, political science, and others. Leading research centres of Comics Study are the International Comic Art Forum, the British Consortium of Comic Researchers, the Comics Research Hub of the University of the Arts, the Canadian Society for the Study of Comics, the Society for Comics Researchers (USA). The educational direction of Comics Studies has been represented by bachelor's, master's, and doctoral (doctor of philosophy) educational programs in higher education institutions of different countries: the University of Florida, University of Toronto, University of California Santa Cruz, University of Portland, West University, University Dundee, Teesside University, Lancaster University (UK), Kyoto Seika University (Japan). The growth of scientific knowledge in Comics Study, on the one hand, and on the other hand - the predominance of interdisciplinary approach in the studies necessitated the establishment of special scientific journals dedicated to comics, such as the Journal of Graphic Novels and Comics, Studies in Comics, European Comic Art. In Ukraine, the study of comics at the dissertation level took place in the dimension of pedagogy and philology. However, some scientific research on comics is available in journalism, press studies, ...

The article is devoted to the study of evidence in administrative proceedings. The article thoroughly examines the doctrinal and legislative approaches to understanding the concept of evidence. Scientists have justified the identification of evidence with information used in administrative proceedings to establish the presence or absence of certain facts. The author determines the evidence based on the researched approaches of scientists and the current administrative procedural legislation. The importance of defining a particular process of proof as a complex multi-activity in administrative proceedings is examined. It is concluded that the process of proving in administrative proceedings consists in collecting by the participants of the process any data collected legally, guided by which the court should establish the presence or absence of circumstances and facts in the case, which will become the basis for the court to make a lawful, justified and justified decision. on the case. In addition, the process of proof is interpreted as the mental activity of all participants in the proceedings, which aims to transform the established facts into the status of evidence in the case. The author establishes the existence of stages of the process of evidence in administrative proceedings, namely the collection and presentation of evidence, the examination of evidence, the process of proof at the stage of trial and evaluation of evidence. The author explores that the starting point of proof is the collection and presentation of evidence. The main stage of evidence - the study of evidence - is characterized in the context of its theoretical and normative substantiation. The article identifies ways of examining the evidence and states that it is implemented in a certain sequence. The author identifies as the next logical step the sequential transition from one fact to another with the help of the presented evidence, which is one or another form of presentation of established facts.

RESEARCH ON ACUTE TOXICITY "CHONDROSUT" DRUGV. L. Karbovsky1, I. A. Shevchuk1, T. Ye. Makovska2, O. A. Makovskyi1LLC «Biofarma», Bila Tserkva1,Main Military Medical Hospital, Kyiv2Introduction. One of the most common locomotor system disease that is suffered, according to WHO data, by up to 80% of population aged 50-60 years, is osteoarthritis – a chronic degenerative-dystrophic arthropathy, which is characterized by a progressing articular cartilage degradation, epiphyse remodeling, osteophyte development and fixed joint deformity at the advanced stages of the disease. A characteristic feature of the cartilaginous destruction in osteoarthritis is the loss by the matrix of the superficial, intermediate and deep zones of glucosaminoglycans – chondroitin sulphate (CS), keratin sulphate, hyaluronic acid. Among the chondroprotective agents, glucosamine and CS have the highest degree of provability and reliability of results, and therefore it is timely to put into practice new chondroprotectors ofUkraine's production, containing glucosaminglycans. A successful development and introduction of the new drugs into medical practice require a thorough preclinical research. That is why the purpose of our study was to elucidate the safety of using solution for injections "Chondrosut" by LLC "Pharmaceutical plant "Biofarma" in experiments on animals.Study methods. Toxicological characteristics of drug "Chondrosut" under the condition of its single intraperitoneal administration in a dose of 1000mg/kg were studied on the white non-pedigree rats of both sexes, weighing 180-200g. Following the use of the substances, the animals were observed for 14 days. The effect of "Chondrosut" single administration was evaluated by the indicators as follows: general condition and behavior of the rats, lethality and dynamics of the body weight changes (days 0, 3, 7 and 14). Upon completion of the experiment, after the animals have been withdrawn from the experiment by euthanasia, a macroscopic inspection of the their internals was performed and their mass coefficients were calculated.Results and discussion. Following the intraperitoneal administration of drug "Chondrosut" no symptoms of intoxication in rats of both sexes were revealed: the animals were tidy, active, reacted to the photic and sound stimuli, the processes of uropoiesis and defecation were in the norm, respiratory impairments and convulsions were not observed, reflectory excitability was preserved. Water and food consumption in the experimental group did not differ from that in the control group. Throughout the whole observation period no deaths of the animals were registered. Both in the control and experimental rats the body weight increased relative to the baseline level and was within the limits of physiologic norm, i.e. the drug "Chondrosut" possesses no toxic properties capable of exerting a strong effect on the general trophic processes in the body. When inspecting the condition of indumentums, skin, mucous membranes of physiologic ostia, as well as microscopically evaluating the condition of internals during autopsy in rats receiving "Chondrosut", no signs of irritation, inflammation or other manifestation of pathologic processes were revealed. The experimental group of rats did not differ from the control one in the size, color, consistence and location of the internals. Mass coefficients of internals of the animals injected with "Chondrosut" did not have significant changes relative to those in the control animals.ConclusionsThe results of the studies point to the fact that LD50 for drug "Chondrosut" when administered intraperiotoneally to rats is beyond the limits of 1000mg/kg. According to toxicological classification of substances, drug "Chondrosut" belong to V class of toxicity – practically nontoxic substance.ReferencesVnutrishni hvoroby / Za red. I. M. Gandzhi, V. M. Kovalenka. – Kyi'v, Zdorov'ja, 2002. – 988 s.Doklinichni doslidzhennja likars'kyh zasobiv: metodychni rekomendacii' / Za red. O. V. Stefanova. – K.: Avicena, 2001. – 528 s.Kovalenko V. N. Osteoartroz: praktycheskoe rukovodstvo / V. N. Kovalenko, O. P. Bortkevych. – K.: Moryon, 2003. – 448 s.Kovalenko V. N. Osteoartroz. Praktychna nastanova / V. N. Kovalenko, O. P. Bortkevych. – 3-tje vyd., dopov., zi zminamy – K.: MORION., 2010. – 608 s.Nejko Je. M. Suchasni ujavlennja pro patogenez deformujuchogo osteoartrozu / Je. M. Nejko, I. Ju. Golovach // Ukr. revmatol. zhurnal. – 2000. – № 1. – S. 9-12.Nomenklatura, klasyfikacija, kryterii' diagnostyky ta programy likuvannja revmatychnyh hvorob /Za red. V. M. Kovalenka, N. V. Shuby. – Kyi'v, 2004. – 156 s.Rebrova O. Ju. Statystycheskyj analyz medycynskyh dannыh. Prymenenye paketa prykladnыh programm STATISTICA / O.Ju.Rebrova – 3-e yzd. – M.: MedyaSfera, 2006. – 312 s.Bruyere O. Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate as therapeutic agents for knee and hip osteoarthritis / O. Bruyere, J. Y. Reginster // Drugs. Aging. – 2007. – V. 24(7). – P. 573-80.Kelly G. S. The role glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfate in the treatment of degenerative joint disease / G. S. Kelly // Alt. Med. Rev. – 1998. – V.3 (1). - P. 27-39.EULAR evidence based recommendations for the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis / W. Zhang, M. Doherty, G. Peat [et al.] // Ann. Rheum. Dis. – 2009. – Vol. 68, №13. – Р. 141.Uebelhart D. Clinical review of chondroitin sulfate in osteoarthritis / D. Uebelhart // Osteoarthritis Cartilage. – 2008. – V. 16, Suppl 3. – P. S19-21.

RESEARCH ON ACUTE TOXICITY "CHONDROSUT" DRUGV. L. Karbovsky1, I. A. Shevchuk1, T. Ye. Makovska2, O. A. Makovskyi1LLC «Biofarma», Bila Tserkva1,Main Military Medical Hospital, Kyiv2Introduction. One of the most common locomotor system disease that is suffered, according to WHO data, by up to 80% of population aged 50-60 years, is osteoarthritis – a chronic degenerative-dystrophic arthropathy, which is characterized by a progressing articular cartilage degradation, epiphyse remodeling, osteophyte development and fixed joint deformity at the advanced stages of the disease. A characteristic feature of the cartilaginous destruction in osteoarthritis is the loss by the matrix of the superficial, intermediate and deep zones of glucosaminoglycans – chondroitin sulphate (CS), keratin sulphate, hyaluronic acid. Among the chondroprotective agents, glucosamine and CS have the highest degree of provability and reliability of results, and therefore it is timely to put into practice new chondroprotectors ofUkraine's production, containing glucosaminglycans. A successful development and introduction of the new drugs into medical practice require a thorough preclinical research. That is why the purpose of our study was to elucidate the safety of using solution for injections "Chondrosut" by LLC "Pharmaceutical plant "Biofarma" in experiments on animals.Study methods. Toxicological characteristics of drug "Chondrosut" under the condition of its single intraperitoneal administration in a dose of 1000mg/kg were studied on the white non-pedigree rats of both sexes, weighing 180-200g. Following the use of the substances, the animals were observed for 14 days. The effect of "Chondrosut" single administration was evaluated by the indicators as follows: general condition and behavior of the rats, lethality and dynamics of the body weight changes (days 0, 3, 7 and 14). Upon completion of the experiment, after the animals have been withdrawn from the experiment by euthanasia, a macroscopic inspection of the their internals was performed and their mass coefficients were calculated.Results and discussion. Following the intraperitoneal administration of drug "Chondrosut" no symptoms of intoxication in rats of both sexes were revealed: the animals were tidy, active, reacted to the photic and sound stimuli, the processes of uropoiesis and defecation were in the norm, respiratory impairments and convulsions were not observed, reflectory excitability was preserved. Water and food consumption in the experimental group did not differ from that in the control group. Throughout the whole observation period no deaths of the animals were registered. Both in the control and experimental rats the body weight increased relative to the baseline level and was within the limits of physiologic norm, i.e. the drug "Chondrosut" possesses no toxic properties capable of exerting a strong effect on the general trophic processes in the body. When inspecting the condition of indumentums, skin, mucous membranes of physiologic ostia, as well as microscopically evaluating the condition of internals during autopsy in rats receiving "Chondrosut", no signs of irritation, inflammation or other manifestation of pathologic processes were revealed. The experimental group of rats did not differ from the control one in the size, color, consistence and location of the internals. Mass coefficients of internals of the animals injected with "Chondrosut" did not have significant changes relative to those in the control animals.ConclusionsThe results of the studies point to the fact that LD50 for drug "Chondrosut" when administered intraperiotoneally to rats is beyond the limits of 1000mg/kg. According to toxicological classification of substances, drug "Chondrosut" belong to V class of toxicity – practically nontoxic substance.ReferencesVnutrishni hvoroby / Za red. I. M. Gandzhi, V. M. Kovalenka. – Kyi'v, Zdorov'ja, 2002. – 988 s.Doklinichni doslidzhennja likars'kyh zasobiv: metodychni rekomendacii' / Za red. O. V. Stefanova. – K.: Avicena, 2001. – 528 s.Kovalenko V. N. Osteoartroz: praktycheskoe rukovodstvo / V. N. Kovalenko, O. P. Bortkevych. – K.: Moryon, 2003. – 448 s.Kovalenko V. N. Osteoartroz. Praktychna nastanova / V. N. Kovalenko, O. P. Bortkevych. – 3-tje vyd., dopov., zi zminamy – K.: MORION., 2010. – 608 s.Nejko Je. M. Suchasni ujavlennja pro patogenez deformujuchogo osteoartrozu / Je. M. Nejko, I. Ju. Golovach // Ukr. revmatol. zhurnal. – 2000. – № 1. – S. 9-12.Nomenklatura, klasyfikacija, kryterii' diagnostyky ta programy likuvannja revmatychnyh hvorob /Za red. V. M. Kovalenka, N. V. Shuby. – Kyi'v, 2004. – 156 s.Rebrova O. Ju. Statystycheskyj analyz medycynskyh dannыh. Prymenenye paketa prykladnыh programm STATISTICA / O.Ju.Rebrova – 3-e yzd. – M.: MedyaSfera, 2006. – 312 s.Bruyere O. Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate as therapeutic agents for knee and hip osteoarthritis / O. Bruyere, J. Y. Reginster // Drugs. Aging. – 2007. – V. 24(7). – P. 573-80.Kelly G. S. The role glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfate in the treatment of degenerative joint disease / G. S. Kelly // Alt. Med. Rev. – 1998. – V.3 (1). - P. 27-39.EULAR evidence based recommendations for the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis / W. Zhang, M. Doherty, G. Peat [et al.] // Ann. Rheum. Dis. – 2009. – Vol. 68, №13. – Р. 141.Uebelhart D. Clinical review of chondroitin sulfate in osteoarthritis / D. Uebelhart // Osteoarthritis Cartilage. – 2008. – V. 16, Suppl 3. – P. S19-21.

The article provides a comparative review of the history, current status and areas of scientific activity of the Sociological Association of Ukraine (SAU), its creative ties with the European and world sociological community, in particular, joint research with Polish scientists. It emphasizes that most of the Ukrainian sociologists SAU members work in universities, the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and public opinion research centers. Numerous sociological (theoretical and empirical) studies on various issues of vital activity of modern Ukrainian society are carried out by their efforts. It is noted that in addition to studying the issues of social transformation in its political, economic, legal, social and cultural aspects, that have become traditional for Ukrainian sociology, in recent years Ukrainian sociologists have turned to the analysis of such problems as external and internal migration (the problem of internally displaced persons); military conflict in the east of Ukraine and the volunteer movement; social inequality, including in its new manifestations, including those caused by the digitalization of public life. It is emphasized that today the most pressing issue of sociological reflection is the changes that occur in Ukraine after the last presidential election. Attention is focused on the fact that the victory of the political rookie in these elections was due to the huge social disappointments of the Ukrainians, since their expectations provoked by the Revolution of Dignity were not fulfilled. The first and most important disappointment, according to sociological studies, is the fact that peace has not reigned in the country. Second, the living standards of Ukrainian citizens have not improved. Third, the fight against corruption did not bring significant results. Fourth, social inequality deepened: the rich became richer, and the poor became poorer. The fifth disappointment is the inefficiency of the declared reforms: judicial, medical, educational, customs, electoral, etc. It is emphasized that the effectiveness of the new government depends, among other things, on its consideration of such features of the mass consciousness of the Ukrainian population as a critical level of distrust of all institutions of power; value and ideological ambivalence and uncertainty. The conclusions are formulated about the unlikeliness of return of Ukraine to the orbit of Russian political and economic influence, as well as the victory of radical nationalist ideology in our country.

In March 2020 the European Commission adopted exceptional state aid rules in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Its goal is to enable member states to support their economy using aid measures, which under current state aid rules are either not possible to be issued at all or only after time consuming notification procedures. This so-called Temporary Framework1 is being presented as a significant tool with several possibilities such as aid for research and development projects and research infrastructures. Since its adoption, dozens of measures across the whole European Union have been notified, using different sections of the Temporary Framework according to their focus. This article is concerned with the practical use and impact of such sections regarding R&D aid, with the underlying questions as to what extent the presentation of the Temporary Framework is justified.

Introduction Employment reveals one of the most important aspects of social and economic life. It is associated with satisfaction of human needs in certain goods and services. However employment of the population produces gross national product, and so is the economic basis of society. At the same time, employment has social character. It reflects the needs of people not only in earnings, but also self through socially useful activities. Thus, employment of the working population is a highly topical issue of social and economic life, which is not only limited to the problems of unemployment and includes such aspects as sustainable use of labor; ensure a decent standard of living of the working population; meet the needs of the economy in the labor force with regard to its quality and quantity; meet the professional needs of workers, including the need for professional education and maintenance training; social support in case of job loss, etc. The interest to study of the problems employment and unemployment has intensified in recent decades due to the rapid decline of general economic and social indicators of Ukraine.Purpose of research is the methodological aspects of the employment of the working population as a system of economic relations of society that has developed between employers and employees in relation to providing the latest jobs. The workplace is one of the objects of the employment system. It defines the working conditions (normal, hard, bad), modes of work and rest, nature of work (a wide, monotonous, etc.). From working conditions depends on the value of the cost jobs and of wages of workers.Methods Method of scientific analysis of theoretical material, statistical analysis and comparison, deductive-indicative method, theoretical generalization.Results consists in the deepening the theoretical and methodological analysis of categories of employment, recommendations on solving the problems of effective employment and overcome the negative effects of unemployment.Originality consists in the peculiarities of methodological analysis and practical projections on employment and unemployment.Conclusion Recent events in Ukraine that led to the loss of territories, military operations are conducted, show that the state shaking deep socio-economic and political problems. The critical state of the economy and politics does not resolve the problem of employment and fight unemployment. Without deep reforms in all spheres of economic and social life can not hope for positive changes in the life of the state and every Ukrainian.

The article is focused on the historical sociology analysis of social identities studies, the results of which are presented in scientific publications in top Ukrainian periodicals. The direction of development of such researches in thematic, theoretical, and methodological aspects of their socio-cultural context is outlined. Possible new directions of research on the problem chosen by the author are determined. The author conducted a content analysis of the professional publications where the subject is identity and identification placed in the online archives of professional publications of Ukraine in sociology for the last decade. An analysis of the thematic diversity of the articles revealed that the vast majority of them are devoted to specific identities, primarily ethnic-national and local, identity is considered as a specific feature of the group; only a quarter of the publications have a general theoretical character and focused in the analysis of identity as such. It was found that the dominant research focuses have long been dominated by conceptualization and analysis of the formation of a selected social identity, but in recent years the authors pay more attention to the functional load of social identities, in particular their impact on Ukrainian society, especially its integration/disintegration, on conflicts and solidarity. The conclusion about a certain decrease in attention to the subject of social identities, and at the same time theoretical, methodological, thematic, and subject complication of their researches are formulated. It is emphasized that further comprehensive studies of identities (their connections, contexts, and social consequences) have a scientific perspective because it is possible to reach a deeper understanding of the processes taking place in modern Ukrainian society with their help.

The concept of sustainability in fashion, having been developed on the basis of ecodesign concepts, takes an important place in scientific research all over the world. The aim of study is to analize and summarise foreign scientific researches about sustainability in fashion. The results were achieved by using methods of sources analysis, which refer to different research fields, in the context of sustainable fashion and their further synthesis according to areas. The main directions of research in each area were identified and summarized in the conclusions. There were considered basic concept definitions – sustainable fashion and the principles of sustainable design, which are used in modern scientific works of foreign researchers. The analysis of foreign scientific sources in the context of sustainable fashion was provided in areas of: economics, marketing, management; sociology and psychology of consumer behavior; ecology; technologies based on the principles of sustainable design; design; aesthetics and art history; education; legislation; information technology. The scientific value of study. For the first time the systematization of foreign research in the context of sustainable fashion was carried out. The conclusions are given after the analysis of each area, underlining the main directions of foreign scientists` research. Conclusions. Researchers from all over the world pay attention to the issues of sustainable fashion and explore problems of the integration of sustainable fashion into everyday life. Sustainable fashion sets up new values that actualize the issues of aesthetics of sustainable fashion in the theory of art history and design practice. However, it should be noted that the analized scientific works concerning fashion design in the context of sustainable fashion, do not reveal aspects of design related to the creative process and aesthetic perception. Sustainable fashion needs changes of existing design tools in the context of sustainable design principles. Therefore, there is a need for ...

The subject of the study is the theoretical aspects of the formation of the competitiveness of the labor force in the system of market relations that develop in the labor market. The aim of the study is to compare the categories of competitiveness that exist in the labor market to clarify the category of competitiveness of the labor force. Research methods. The work uses a set of scientific methods and approaches, including systemic, historical, logical, which made it possible to ensure the conceptual consistency and effectiveness of the research. Results of work. The article examines various categories of competitiveness in the labor market. The content of the concept of a worker's competitiveness is considered. The research of the concept of personnel competitiveness is carried out. The concept of labor force competitiveness is also generalized. It is shown that the competitiveness of labor resources and competitive human capital are used in scientific circulation. A comparison of these categories is carried out and their relationship is shown. It has been demonstrated that the competitiveness of the labor force is at the heart of the competitiveness pyramid. Application of the results. The system of sciences in the field of labor economics, social economics and politics, economic and social research, the subject of which is the study of the processes of increasing competitiveness in the labor market. Conclusions. The competitiveness of the labor force is based on its quality, namely, the totality of personal, professional and other characteristics that allow the employee to compete in the labor market.