Suchergebnisse

In 1933 two books on competitive structure were published. One, extracted from a Harvard PhD filed six years earlier, dealt with the workings of the competitive process. Seeking not to supplant, but to supplement Marshall, this book by E. H. Chamberlin focused on an effort involving the use of a diagrammatic apparatus to highlight certain fundamental relationships between variables in the competitive process. It did not analyse real firms but nor did it attempt to pretend that such were irrelevant, and to concentrate on positions of competitive equilibrium only. It dealt with problems of arrival at equilibrium, false trading, and a whole variety of issues relevant to an actual competitive process. Supervised by Allyn Young, it drew on a wide range of references and showed evidence of the kind of thorough scholarly preparation which has always been characteristic of the best American PhDs.

Considers concepts as constituent elements of theory. Examines the positivist ideal of conceptual closures, the philosophical challenge represented by conceptual openness, the dependence of concepts on theory and the epistemological foundation of the primacy of theory. Relates the ideas to the conceptual analysis in research programmes. (AFH)

In this attempt to elucidate G. Sartori's dilemma -- ie, whether concepts are dependent or independent of theories (see Social Science Concepts, London: Sage, 1985) -- & to broaden conceptual analysis, the status (discrete or continuous) & meaning (closure vs openness of organizational principle) dimensions of conceptual analysis are posited to intersect, thus, yielding four fields of problems. To examine them, the main features of conceptual analysis, the traditional concepts & terms of meaning, are reviewed & a critical analysis is conducted. It is argued that on the status dimension, concepts are continuous, & interdependent with theories, & on the meaning dimension, concepts are necessarily open; this position contrasts with positivists who require definite criteria to close concepts. Examining Sartori's dilemma at the level of theory, it is suggested that by conceiving social science theories as transforming problems into research programs, they can be evaluated for agreement of levels of epistemological conceptualization, theoretical ambitions, & general conceptualization of scientific work. The concept of the research program thus provides a structure in which to compare conceptual systems. 1 Table, 1 Figure. M. Pflum

Abstract
The two authors – one from literary and cultural studies, the other a cognitive psychologist – explore how the
interdisciplinary perspective of Memory Studies can broaden and enrich current research efforts on flashbulb memories (FBMs). FBMs
are memories of the circumstances in which one learned of a public emotionally charged event, such as 9/11. Psychological research
on FBMs have focused on their cognitive properties, their putative accuracy and confidence. But we claim that when seen in the
broader interdisciplinary perspective of collective memory research, FBMs emerge as inextricably linked up with social, cultural,
and narrative dynamics. This article therefore locates FBMs at the intersection of individual and collective memory narratives.
Connecting research in cognitive psychology with cultural Memory Studies, we explore how flashbulb narratives bear on social
identity and how they might travel across national boundaries or across generations. We further discuss how FBMs are tied to
culture, aesthetics, and media history.