Suchergebnisse

Since the drawn of the civilization, when the importance of land was appreciated, land ownership has been linked with certain rights and duties for the owners which have evolved over the centuries to the idea of ownership as it is understood today. The basic rights in land are the right to the use and enjoyment of land, the right to income from land and the right to alienate or transfer land. The aggregate of ownership rights over a piece of land, comprised what has been termed as the bundle of property rights.Property rights have a very significant role to play both at international and national level in the current socio-economic environment and have been a matter of dispute between nations as well as between affected owners and central or local governments. The aim of this paper is to outline the fundamental property protection rights at international and national level by reference to UN Conventions, European Conventions as well as comparative overview of different countries. Within the scope of this paper an attempt is made to outline the main property compensation rights regarding illegal occupiers or users of in the occupied area of Cyprus, since the Turkish invasion in 1974. Specifically, this paper is divided into three basic sections which are described below: Outline the major provisions of International and European Law as regards property protection rights. These include the right of ownership and the conditions under which a compulsory purchase and compensation could take effect. Some violations of the property rights are described in this section, which have been extracted from Court Case decisions in an attempt to present the extent to which rights in Property are safeguarded. Comparative country overview of major provisions in their Constitution and legislative provisions regarding property protection rights. Also, this section attempts to outline the basic rules of compensation assessment as well as practical examples of their application by reference to court case decisions, when these rights ...

The paper assesses the state of governance in the Philippines by comparing it with other countries utilising nine indicators relating to political, economic and social governance. The main finding is that the Philippines receives high scores for economic governance and relatively low scores for political and social governance. The study also correlates these indices with GDP per capita and economic growth, so as to comment on the presumption that good political, economic and social governance is associated with these two variables. All the nine governance scores are positively associated with GDP per capita, but not with economic growth. The paper summarises the main findings derived from the indicators, on the basis of which it proposes a number of implications relating to the Philippine economy. ; peer-reviewed

AbstractLegal theorists and other commentators have long established a distinction between property and possession. According to this usage adopted here, possession refers to control of a resource, but property involves legally sanctioned rights. Strikingly, prominent foundational accounts of the 'economics of property rights' concentrate on possession, downplaying the issue of legitimate legal rights (Alchian, 1965, 1977; Barzel, 1994, 1997, 2002; von Mises, 1981). Some authors in this genre make a distinction between 'economic rights' and 'legal rights' where the former are more to do with possession or the capacity to control. They argue that 'economic rights' are primary and more relevant for understanding behaviour. But it is argued here that legal factors – involving recognition of authority and perceived justice or morality – have also to be brought into the picture to understand human motivation in modern societies, even in the economic sphere. As other authors including Hernando De Soto (2000) have pointed out, the neglect of the legal infrastructure that buttresses property has deleterious implications, including a failure to understand the role of property in supporting collateralized loans for innovation and economic development.

In the modern world, the significance of non-property right is very high because they are preconditions of providing the real freedom of ownership, freedom of agreement, freedom of entrepreneurship and all other rights in the material sphere of society. The article studies characteristic features of personal non-property rights of individuals. The notion of personal non-property rights of individuals has been formulated taking into account the features of this group of subjective civil rights, as well as their purpose. The main issues to be addressed in the study are the clarification of the specifics (features) of the object of protection, as well as the peculiarities of the protection of the named rights, the jurisdictional and non-jurisdictional forms of protection of personal non-property rights that ensure the natural existence of an individual. In the article, the notions of personal nonmaterial benefit and personal non-property right have been formulated; the personal non-property rights, which provide the natural existence of an individual who is the object of protection, have been characterized in details; propositions regarding addressing certain legislative and practical gaps and contradictions have been presented. Also, the specific features and concepts of the protection of personal non-property rights that provide the natural existence of an individual have been determined.