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Letter from the Editor2 Visiting Fellows3 PHOTO ESSAY •Houses of Emptiness: The architecture of Suan 5Mokkh and the modern Thai monastic complex FEATURE ARTICLES•Afterschool language program: teaching Bahasa 9Indonesia to Enfield Elementary school children •The political economy of emotions and emotionality11in post-reform Ho Chi Minh City •Undergraduate FLAS recipient plans to use Khmer 18in future endeavors •Indonesian opens door to undergrad's biology 19research in Bali SEAP HAPPENINGS •New building manager for Kahin Center21 •SEAP brown bag lectures22 •12th Annual Graduate Student Conference26 •A.D. White Professors-at-Large & Society for the 28Humanities Awards29 Outreach30 Publications32 E-Bulletin SOUTHEASTASIAPROGRAM2010 Photo by Xie Kankan: The morning sun and tranquil Borobudur--the renowned 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist shrine in Central Java, Indonesia ; The Southeast Asia Program Bulletin is a bi-annual publication covering Cornell faculty and student research, SEAP outreach activities, as well as SEAP news and updates. ; Cornell Southeast Asia Program, US Department of Education Title VI Funding

Buildings are Europe's biggest energy resource. By 2013, buildings made up more than 40 % of the final energy consumption in the European Union (EU). While the benefits of energy efficiency in the building sector are evident and many municipalities already have action plans in place, the implementation does not quite take off. Due to lacking capacities, many struggle to translate their plans into action. This manual is for municipalities seeking to kickstart their energy efficiency activities in the building sector. Following the principle of customised capacity building, it introduces tools and methods to assess the existing capacities, and to identify what still needs to be established. Furthermore, it describes the idea of Local Energy Efficiency Work Groups (LEEGs): a network of local stakeholders aggregating the knowledge, perspectives and capacities for an effective and sustained implementation of energy efficiency measures. In doing so, it lays the foundation for further activities described in separate guidelines.

The Paris Agreement aims to limit global mean temperature rise this century to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. This target has wide-ranging implications for Europe and its cities, which are the source of substantial greenhouse gas emissions. This paper reports the state of local planning for climate change by collecting and analysing information about local climate mitigation and adaptation plans across 885 urban areas of the EU-28. A typology and framework for analysis was developed that classifies local climate plans in terms of their alignment with spatial (local, national and international) and other climate related policies. Out of eight types of local climate plans identified in total we document three types of stand-alone local climate plans classified as type A1 (autonomously produced plans), A2 (plans produced to comply with national regulations) or A3 (plans developed for international climate networks). There is wide variation among countries in the prevalence of local climate plans, with generally more plans developed by central and northern European cities. Approximately 66% of EU cities have a type A1, A2, or A3 mitigation plan, 26% an adaptation plan, and 17% a joint adaptation and mitigation plan, while about 33% lack any form of stand-alone local climate plan (i.e. what we classify as A1, A2, A3 plans). Mitigation plans are more numerous than adaptation plans, but planning for mitigation does not always precede planning for adaptation. Our analysis reveals that city size, national legislation, and international networks can influence the development of local climate plans. We found that size does matter as about 80% of the cities with above 500,000 inhabitants have a comprehensive and stand-alone mitigation and/or an adaptation plan (A1). Cities in four countries with national climate legislation (A2), i.e. Denmark, France, Slovakia and the United Kingdom, are nearly twice as likely to produce local mitigation plans, and five times more likely to produce local adaptation plans, compared to cities in countries without such legislation. A1 and A2 mitigation plans are particularly numerous in Denmark, Poland, Germany, and Finland; while A1 and A2 adaptation plans are prevalent in Denmark, Finland, UK and France. The integration of adaptation and mitigation is country-specific and can mainly be observed in two countries where local climate plans are compulsory, i.e. France and the UK. Finally, local climate plans produced for international climate networks (A3) are mostly found in the many countries where autonomous (type A1) plans are less common. This is the most comprehensive analysis of local climate planning to date. The findings are of international importance as they will inform and support decision-making towards climate planning and policy development at national, EU and global level being based on the most comprehensive and up-to-date knowledge of local climate planning available to date.

The Paris Agreement aims to limit global mean temperature rise this century to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. This target has wide-ranging implications for Europe and its cities, which are the source of substantial greenhouse gas emissions. This paper reports the state of local planning for climate change by collecting and analysing information about local climate mitigation and adaptation plans across 885 urban areas of the EU-28. A typology and framework for analysis was developed that classifies local climate plans in terms of their alignment with spatial (local, national and international) and other climate related policies. Out of eight types of local climate plans identified in total we document three types of stand-alone local climate plans classified as type A1 (autonomously produced plans), A2 (plans produced to comply with national regulations) or A3 (plans developed for international climate networks). There is wide variation among countries in the prevalence of local climate plans, with generally more plans developed by central and northern European cities. Approximately 66% of EU cities have a type A1, A2, or A3 mitigation plan, 26% an adaptation plan, and 17% a joint adaptation and mitigation plan, while about 33% lack any form of stand-alone local climate plan (i.e. what we classify as A1, A2, A3 plans). Mitigation plans are more numerous than adaptation plans, but planning for mitigation does not always precede planning for adaptation. Our analysis reveals that city size, national legislation, and international networks can influence the development of local climate plans. We found that size does matter as about 80% of the cities with above 500,000 inhabitants have a comprehensive and stand-alone mitigation and/or an adaptation plan (A1). Cities in four countries with national climate legislation (A2), i.e. Denmark, France, Slovakia and the United Kingdom, are nearly twice as likely to produce local mitigation plans, and five times more likely to produce local adaptation plans, compared to cities in countries without such legislation. A1 and A2 mitigation plans are particularly numerous in Denmark, Poland, Germany, and Finland; while A1 and A2 adaptation plans are prevalent in Denmark, Finland, UK and France. The integration of adaptation and mitigation is country-specific and can mainly be observed in two countries where local climate plans are compulsory, i.e. France and the UK. Finally, local climate plans produced for international climate networks (A3) are mostly found in the many countries where autonomous (type A1) plans are less common. This is the most comprehensive analysis of local climate planning to date. The findings are of international importance as they will inform and support decision-making towards climate planning and policy development at national, EU and global level being based on the most comprehensive and up-to-date knowledge of local climate planning available to date. ; EU COST Action TU0902 that made the initial work possible and the positive engagement and interaction of the members of this group which led to this work. MO acknowledges funding from the Spanish Government (Grant no. FPDI-2013-16631). EKL was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of CR within the National Sustainability Program I (NPU I), grant number LO1415. OH and RD were funded by the EC project RAMSES Reconciling Adaptation, Mitigation and Sustainable Development for Cities (contract Ref 308497) and the EPSRC project LC Transforms: Low Carbon Transitions of Fleet Operations in Metropolitan Sites Project (EP/N010612/1).

The Paris Agreement aims to limit global mean temperature rise this century to well below 2 degrees C above pre-industrial levels. This target has wide-ranging implications for Europe and its cities, which are the source of substantial greenhouse gas emissions. This paper reports the state of local planning for climate change by collecting and analysing information about local climate mitigation and adaptation plans across 885 urban areas of the EU-28. A typology and framework for analysis was developed that classifies local climate plans in terms of their alignment with spatial (local, national and international) and other climate related policies. Out of eight types of local climate plans identified in total we document three types of stand-alone local climate plans classified as type Al (autonomously produced plans), A2 (plans produced to comply with national regulations) or A3 (plans developed for international climate networks). There is wide variation among countries in the prevalence of local climate plans, with generally more plans developed by central and northern European cities. Approximately 66% of EU cities have a type Al, A2, or A3 mitigation plan, 26% an adaptation plan, and 17% a joint adaptation and mitigation plan, while about 33% lack any form of stand-alone local climate plan (i.e. what we classify as Al, A2, A3 plans). Mitigation plans are more numerous than adaptation plans, but planning for mitigation does not always precede planning for adaptation. Our analysis reveals that city size, national legislation, and international networks can influence the development of local climate plans. We found that size does matter as about 80% of the cities with above 500,000 inhabitants have a comprehensive and stand-alone mitigation and/or an adaptation plan (Al). Cities in four countries with national climate legislation (A2), i.e. Denmark, France, Slovakia and the United Kingdom, are nearly twice as likely to produce local mitigation plans, and five times more likely to produce local adaptation plans, compared to cities in countries without such legislation. Al and A2 mitigation plans are particularly numerous in Denmark, Poland, Germany, and Finland: while Al and A2 adaptation plans are prevalent in Denmark, Finland, UK and France. The integration of adaptation and mitigation is country-specific and can mainly be observed in two countries where local climate plans are compulsory, i.e. France and the UK. Finally, local climate plans produced for international climate networks (A3) are mostly found in the many countries where autonomous (type Al) plans are less common. This is the most comprehensive analysis of local climate planning to date. The findings are of international importance as they will inform and support decision making towards climate planning and policy development at national, EU and global level being based on the most comprehensive and up-to-date knowledge of local climate planning available to date.

This guideline serves as a support material for municipalities in the process of developing their local energy efficiency strategy for municipal buildings. The idea of this guideline is: how to find an optimal energy efficiency strategy for municipal buildings by the support of an organized and structured self-assessment tool made to define capacity constraints in energy management in municipalities. At best, this leads to defining specific Capacity Building Schemes. The starting point is the evaluation of the current strategic local energy plans (in terms of SEAP, SECAP or energy plans in municipalities). Further steps are dedicated to an organizational and process analysis at the administrative level in order to re-arrange workflows and municipal energy management systems. In this context, it is beneficial to build retrofitting strategies including either building refurbishment actions or IT solutions for energy monitoring which is harmonized with potential investments in energy efficiency projects. This guideline is created for local policy-makers, planners and experts contributing to the development and implementation of building energy efficiency strategies, policies and projects in municipalities. It is intended for representatives at various levels of local government: heads of local governments, heads and specialists of technical and development departments, heads and technical directors of municipal companies, as well as cooperating institutions and companies or other groups in society, eventually including citizens.

This article presents an analysis of the State Participative Evaluation System (SEAP-RS) formulation at the Rio Grande do Sul State Secretariat of Education, during the 2011-2014 government period. Institutional movements, concepts and assumptions of this institutional evaluation policy are examined. Dilemmas and challenges of/in managing such process were drawn from narratives and documents that illustrate the formation of the agenda and the regulatory norms. Two impasses are highlighted: the discourse on democratic management in face of a centralized policy formulation; and the demand for immediate responses from public officers in face of the new participatory evaluation requirements. ; O artigo apresenta uma análise do processo de formulação do Sistema Estadual de Avaliação Participativa (SEAP-RS) na gestão 2011-2014 da Secretaria de Estado da Educação do Rio Grande do Sul. Considera os movimentos institucionais, conceitos e pressupostos desta política de avaliação institucional. Revela dilemas e desafios da/na gestão, a partir de narrativas e documentos que ilustram a formação da agenda e as normas regulamentares. Dois impasses são salientados: o discurso sobre a gestão democrática em face do centralismo na formulação da política; e a exigência dos dirigentes políticos para respostas imediatas em face dos novos modos participativos de avaliação.

TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 Letter from the Editor FEATURES 3 Green Togas: The Bandung School and Modern Art in Indonesia in the New Order Period 7 From Yangon to Mawlamyine: First Steps in Building a Burma/Myanmar Initiative 11 Flux Navigations: Envisioning the Southeast Asian City 14 Critique, Collaboration, and the Politics of Transition: The Burma/ Myanmar Research Forum 17 Unique January Study Abroad in Cambodia 21 Volunteering in Cambodia: A Life-Changing Experience 23 The 12th Northeast Conference on Indonesia NEWS 25 Visiting Scholars 27 Upcoming Events/ Spring 2015 Gatty Lectures 30 The Kahin Center 32 On Campus and Beyond 34 Awards 35 SEAP Outreach 37 SEAP Publications 38 The Echols Collection 39 SEAP Languages 41 New Acquisitions at the Herbert F. Johnson Museum ; The Southeast Asia Program Bulletin is a bi-annual publication covering Cornell faculty and student research, SEAP outreach activities, as well as SEAP news and updates. ; Cornell Southeast Asia Program, US Department of Education Title VI Funding

LETTER FROM THE EDITOR 2 VISITING FELLOWS 3 SOUTHEAST ASIAN FILMS 4-7 • Dutch/Indonesian filmmaker to visit Cornell in April • Southeast Asian films you should not miss • Review: Forever Fever—A Singaporean John Travolta turned icon of Asian Values? TRAVEL (B)LOGS 8-12 • Signing off from Doha and Soeharto: A Political Obituary • A graduate student on the trail in Vietnam: lost & found among the stacks • Burmese adventures AT THE KAHIN CENTER (CONT.) 13-16 • Workshop on Gender Pluralism In Southeast Asia • Graduate Student Conference • SEAP Brown Bag Lecture Series LIBRARY NEWS 17 • Updates from the Echols Collection MEMORIALS 18-19 • Roger Downey • Siew Nim Chee OUTREACH 20 • Southeast Asia Teacher Study Group • Indonesian Immersion for Enfield Elementary School ; The Southeast Asia Program Bulletin is a bi-annual publication covering Cornell faculty and student research, SEAP outreach activities, as well as SEAP news and updates. ; Cornell Southeast Asia Program, US Department of Education Title VI Funding

This study describes cigarette smoking trajectories, the influence of social smoker self-identification (SSID), and correlates of these trajectories in two cohorts of U.S. young adults: a sample from the Chicago metropolitan area (Social Emotional Contexts of Adolescent and Young Adult Smoking Patterns [SECAP], n = 893) and a national sample (Truth Initiative Young Adult Cohort Study [YA Cohort], n = 1,491). Using latent class growth analyses and growth mixture models, five smoking trajectories were identified in each sample: in SECAP: nonsmoking ( n = 658, 73.7%), declining smoking ( n = 20, 2.2%), moderate/stable smoking ( n = 114, 12.8%), high/stable smoking ( n = 79, 8.9%), and escalating smoking ( n = 22, 2.5%); and in YA Cohort: nonsmoking ( n = 1,215, 81.5%), slowly declining smoking ( n = 52, 3.5%), rapidly declining smoking ( n = 50, 3.4%), stable smoking ( n = 139, 9%), and escalating smoking ( n = 35, 2.4%). SSID was most prevalent in moderate/stable smoking (35.5% SECAP), rapidly declining smoking (25.2% YA Cohort), and nonsmoking. Understanding nuances of how smoking identity is formed and used to limit or facilitate smoking behavior in young adults will allow for more effective interventions to reduce tobacco use.

A little known provision of the North America Trade Agreement (NAFTA) legislation of 1993 is a mechanism that assists displaced workers with an interest in becoming entrepreneurs and small business owners. A program named the Self Employment Assistance Program (SEAP) was created and implemented in a number of states in the 1990s to do just that. SEAP facilitates entrepreneurial and small business management training and assistance to displaced workers. This article summarizes the experience and findings from Indiana University of Pennsylvania's SEAP program, which has provided assistance to over two hundred displaced workers in a tri-county area of western Pennsylvania between 1998 and 2003. The results support the contention that entrepreneurs can be "made" (or at least "assisted") even when they are confronted with less than optimal circumstances. Moreover, the findings suggest that the most reliable predictor of "success" was participation in the program itself, not entrepreneurial predisposition, education, aptitudes, or other factors that would be expected to positively influence success. Based on the success criteria established by the state of Pennsylvania, this program produced a "success rate " of 83%. Using an "up and running" criterion to define a successful entrepreneur, a 70% success rate was achieved. The framework for this entrepreneurial training program is also presented.