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Hannah Arendt, Totalitarianism, and the Social Sciences
In: Politicka misao, Band 49, Heft 1, S. 249-254
Hannah Arendt, Totalitarianism, and the Social Sciences
In: Politicka misao, Band 49, Heft 1, S. 249-254
Woman in criminology: from degenarate to victim, always under social penal control ; A mulher junto às criminologias: de degenerada à vítima, sempre sob controle sociopenal
This article presents figures reffering to woman in criminology, as discusses its repercussions in the Brazilian penal code. Identified in positive criminology the figure of the nate criminal related to prostitution, masculine woman and atavistic; as well as the victim, is her a criminal dependent of a man, or is it by the necessity of protection from the Government. These figures have in common serve to social control of woman. In opposition, in feminist criminology it is identified the figure of the emancipated woman that does not search in penal law the solution of conflicts related socially, economically and politically. ; Este artigo apresenta figuras referentes à mulher junto às criminologias, bem como discute suas repercussões no código penal brasileiro. É identificada na criminologia positivista a figura da criminosa nata relacionada à prostituição, à mulher masculinizada e à atávica; bem como da vítima, seja ela criminosa por dependência do homem, seja pela necessidade de proteção do Estado. Estas figuras têm em comum o fato de servirem ao controle social da mulher. Em oposição, na criminologia feminista se verifica a figura da mulher emancipada, que não busca no direito penal a solução de conflitos que são de ordem social, econômica e política.
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Educational practices in Science-Technology-Society and the Social Participation in the Scientific-Technological Development
The STS movement, which emerged in embryonic in the middle of last century and made over the decades, remains relevant to the society we live in. Thus, it is recurrent the need for a participation of this society in the direction given to the scientific and technological activity, demanding more democratic decisions. In this sense the research is based on the questionings: what is the characterization of educational practices carried out in STS field in Basic Education and in teacher training?; And, as has been the participation of society in scientific and technological development? As objectives, we seek: (i) identify which subjects have participated in decision-making on scientific and technological development, and how; (ii) analyze data referrals in respect of educational practices STS; (iii) to investigate whether the STS assumptions are advancing the Academy to implement educational practices; (iv) to point out horizons for Science Education in the perspective of curricular settings guided by the constitution of a culture of participation. It is a bibliographical research whose methodology was the Discursive Textual Analysis, composed of unitarization, categorization and communication. The corpus of analysis emerged four categories: 1) Limitations practices STS implemented; 2) Methodological aspects of practicas STS; 3) Social participation in the development of ST in classrooms; 4) Justifications for insertion of STS practices.
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O desenvolvimento das Ciências Sociais e a modernização brasileira ; El desarrollo de las Ciencias Sociales y la modernización brasileña ; The development of Social Sciences and brazilian modernization
A intelectualidade vivencia uma ruptura com os padrões de consagração vigentes na Primeira República. A partir da tomada do poder por Getúlio Vargas e a Revolução de 1930, tem-se início um novo cenário político. Devido à queda do preço do café, o modelo agroexportador encontrava-se em processo de decadência, pois já não era mais possível manter artificialmente o valor deste produto. Somam-se a este fator as restrições provocadas pela crise financeira de 1929, o que implicou na queda da demanda externa e no surgimento de novos competidores. Neste contexto, os intelectuais estão subordinados de um modo mais intenso à conjuntura política do que propriamente às questões culturais. A função e atuação dos intelectuais ultrapassam, desta maneira, o campo estritamente intelectual e adentram o do político. Assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar a relação entre a modernização brasileira e o desenvolvimento institucional e intelectual das Ciências Sociais no Brasil. ; La intelectualidad experimenta una ruptura con los estándares de consagración vigentes en la Primera República. A partir de la toma del poder por Getúlio Vargas y la Revolución de 1930, comenzó un nuevo escenario político. Debido a la caída en el precio del café, el modelo de agroexportación estaba en proceso de descomposición, ya que no era posible mantener artificialmente el valor de este producto. A este factor se suman las restricciones causadas por la crisis financiera de 1929, que implicó una caída de la demanda externa y la aparición de nuevos competidores. En este contexto, los intelectuales están más fuertemente subordinados a la situación política que a los asuntos culturales. La función y el desempeño de los intelectuales, de esta manera, van más allá del campo estrictamente intelectual y entran en el de lo político. Así, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo demostrar la relación entre la modernización brasileña y el desarrollo institucional e intelectual de las Ciencias Sociales en Brasil. ; Intellectuality experiences a rupture with the standards of consecration in force in the First Republic. From the seizure of power by Getúlio Vargas and the 1930 Revolution, a new political scenario began. Due to the drop in the price of coffee, the agro-export model was in a process of decay, as it was no longer possible to artificially maintain the value of this product. Added to this factor are the restrictions caused by the financial crisis of 1929, which implied a drop in external demand and the emergence of new competitors. In this context, intellectuals are more intensely subordinated to the political situation than to cultural issues. The function and performance of intellectuals, in this way, go beyond the strictly intellectual field and enter that of the political. Thus, the present work aims to demonstrate the relationship between Brazilian modernization and the institutional and intellectual development of Social Sciences in Brazil.
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Insights for the analysis of the festivities: carnival seen by Social Sciences ; Subsídios para a análise da festa: o carnaval visto pelas Ciências Sociais
Festivities not always are taken seriously as objects of study, but they have long attracted the attention of social scientists and other researchers. However, its analysis tends to be restricted and enclosed in some classical conceptions that, although relevant and useful, have become mere buzzwords and do not live up to the richness and complexity of this field of study. This article aims to provide some insights for the analysis of the festivities, focusing particularly on carnival and the way it has been treated by Social Sciences. It begins by exposing and discussing some theoretical recurrences – namely the theories of inversion, escape valve, resistance and communitas – and then presents other analytical perspectives that look at different facets of the festivities – cultural, social, economic and political – thus suggesting more in-depth and committed approaches to social reality and less hostage to the abstraction and dryness of theoretical models. ; As festas nem sempre são objetos de estudo levados a sério, mas atraem há muito a atenção de cientistas sociais e outros investigadores. No entanto, a sua análise tende a restringir-se e fechar-se nalgumas conceções clássicas que, sendo relevantes e úteis, tornaram-se meros chavões e não fazem jus à riqueza e complexidade deste campo de estudo. Este artigo pretende fornecer alguns subsídios para a análise da festa, focando-se particularmente no carnaval e no modo como este tem sido tratado pelas Ciências Sociais. Começa por expor e discutir algumas recorrências teóricas – designadamente as teorias da inversão, da válvula de escape, da resistência e da communitas – para depois apresentar outras perspetivas de análise que olham para diferentes facetas da festa – cultural, social, económica e política – sugerindo assim abordagens mais aprofundadas e comprometidas com a realidade social e menos reféns da abstração e secura dos modelos teóricos.
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Insights for the analysis of the festivities: carnival seen by Social Sciences ; Subsídios para a análise da festa: o carnaval visto pelas Ciências Sociais
Festivities not always are taken seriously as objects of study, but they have long attracted the attention of social scientists and other researchers. However, its analysis tends to be restricted and enclosed in some classical conceptions that, although relevant and useful, have become mere buzzwords and do not live up to the richness and complexity of this field of study. This article aims to provide some insights for the analysis of the festivities, focusing particularly on carnival and the way it has been treated by Social Sciences. It begins by exposing and discussing some theoretical recurrences – namely the theories of inversion, escape valve, resistance and communitas – and then presents other analytical perspectives that look at different facets of the festivities – cultural, social, economic and political – thus suggesting more in-depth and committed approaches to social reality and less hostage to the abstraction and dryness of theoretical models. ; As festas nem sempre são objetos de estudo levados a sério, mas atraem há muito a atenção de cientistas sociais e outros investigadores. No entanto, a sua análise tende a restringir-se e fechar-se nalgumas conceções clássicas que, sendo relevantes e úteis, tornaram-se meros chavões e não fazem jus à riqueza e complexidade deste campo de estudo. Este artigo pretende fornecer alguns subsídios para a análise da festa, focando-se particularmente no carnaval e no modo como este tem sido tratado pelas Ciências Sociais. Começa por expor e discutir algumas recorrências teóricas – designadamente as teorias da inversão, da válvula de escape, da resistência e da communitas – para depois apresentar outras perspetivas de análise que olham para diferentes facetas da festa – cultural, social, económica e política – sugerindo assim abordagens mais aprofundadas e comprometidas com a realidade social e menos reféns da abstração e secura dos modelos teóricos.
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TKO ODLUČUJE ŠTO JE, A ŠTO NIJE ZNANOST? ; WHO DECIDES WHAT IS SCIENCE AND WHAT IS NOT SCIENCE?
Replicirajući na tekst Riječ Uredništva u Šumarskome listu br. 3-4/2016., predsjednik Uprave Hrvatskih šuma d.o.o. mr. sc. Ivan Pavelić u svojoj poruci poslanoj elektroničkom poštom na adresu predsjednika i tajnika HŠD-a zaključuje, da "kao Uprava društva, ne želimo podržavati "naklapanja" i "razračunavanja" podvedena pod znanost, a time nećemo financijski potpomagati izlazak tog vašeg takozvanog znanstvenog časopisa".Mi nećemo na ovaj tekst dati paušalno mišljenje, kao što je to učinio odnosni gospodin, umjesto da je argumentirano odgovorio na postavljena pitanja u našem tekstu i otklonio sve sumnje ako one ne stoje. Ponajprije odgovor na pitanje o znanstvenom statusu časopisa. Na temelju mišljenja tada nadležnog Ministarstva informiranja RH br. 523-91-2 od 6. 3. 1991.g., a potom Ministarstva znanosti i tehnologije od 2000 g., Šumarski list se označava znanstvenim časopisom. Za reći što je, a što nije znanstveno, posebice u biotehnološkoj znanosti, koja je ovdje u pitanju, trebaju i neke reference koje gosp. Pavelić nema, kao što nema ni stručnih referenci za rukovođenje tako zahtjevnom gospodarskom granom kojoj nije samo cilj proizvodnja drvne mase, što on svojim rukovođenjem potvrđuje. Osim toga znanstveni status časopisa potkrijepljen je citiranjem članaka u relevantnim međunarodnim znanstvenim časopisima, a posljednjih godina i sa značajnim Impact faktorom, koji potvrđuje visoku kvalitetu časopisa. No, Šumarski list nije samo znanstveno, on je Znanstveno-stručno i staleško glasilo Hrvatskoga šumarskoga društva, kako stoji u podnaslovu, što znači da svi tekstovi imaju isključivo znanstveno-stručnu i stalešku podlogu, a ne političku. Postavljena pitanja u odnosnome tekstu nije "izmislilo" Uredništvo časopisa, nego je samo uobličilo mišljenja struke putem Upravnog odbora HŠD-a koji je ujedno i Uređivački savjet, a kojega između ostaloga čine predsjednici 19 ogranaka, ne postavljeni od središnjice, nego izabrani od svojega članstva (oko ukupno 3000 članova), te delegiranih predstavnika Šumarskoga fakulteta, Akademije šumarskih znanosti, Hrvatskog šumarskog instituta, HKIŠDT i resornog ministarstva. Prema tome, kompetencije ovdje nisu upitne, posebice kada navedenima pridodamo i članove Uredničkoga odbora koji su specijalisti iz pojedinih znanstveno-stručnih područja. No, gosp. Pavelić i ne treba odgovoriti na postavljena pitanja, jer je on predstavnik državnog "kocesionara" kojemu je povjereno upravljanje i gospodarenje nacionalnim bogatstvom, a kojega treba kontrolirati resorno ministarstvo tijekom cijeloga mandata. Da li je ono to činilo ili čini, i da li su odgovorni u resornom ministarstvu i Vladi RH svjesni što je sve "žrtvovano" da bi se ostvarila hvaljena "papirnata" dobit (profit) i naravno, polučili menadžerski bonusi, to je upitno? Glede spomenutih menadžerskih bonusa o kojima je bilo dosta riječi u medijima svih vrsta, interesantno je napomenuti kako se raspravljalo samo o tome, da li su u podjeli te nazovi dobiti trebali adekvatno sudjelovati i svi zaposlenici Hrvatskih šuma d.o.o. Niti jedne riječi o tome koje su štete nešumarskim gospodarenjem učinjene na šumi i šumskom staništu. Nitko, pa ni šumarski inženjeri iz rukovodstva sindikata, nisu tražili odgovore na pitanja koja smo postavili u Riječi Uredništva u Šumarskome listu br. 3-4/2016., a koja su "razljutila" arogantnog predsjednika Uprave Hrvatskih šuma d.o.o.Glede financijskog potpomaganja časopisa, moramo odgovoriti da to nije financijsko potpomaganje, nego pretplata na časopis, pa dotični gospodin svojom odlukom zaključuje da šumarskim stručnjacima nije potrebno cijelo-životno obrazovanje, te otkazuje pretplatu kao prvi rukovoditelj koji je to učinio nakon 140 godina tiskanja časopisa, upravo u godini kada obilježavamo ovu značajnu obljetnicu.Osim toga, analiza postavljenih pitanja nije tema za "komunikaciju na placu ili možda razgovor uz kavicu" kako navodi gosp. Pavelić, nego upravo za ozbiljnu raspravu na najvišoj znanstveno-stručnoj pa i političkoj razini, jer ovdje je riječ o nacionalnom bogatstvu neprocjenjive vrijednosti. Uredništvo ; Reacting to the Editorial published in the Forestry Journal No 3-4/2016, Ivan Pavelić, MSc, President of the Management Board of Croatian Forests Ltd, sent an e-mail to the President and Secretary of the Croatian Forestry Association, in which he stressed that "the Management Board does not wish to get involved in "idle prattle" and "score-settling" under the pretence of science. In other words, we will not continue to financially support your so-called scientific journal".We will not follow suit of the gentleman in question and give our opinion on this email, unlike the gentleman in question, who failed to use arguments to answer the questions raised in our text and remove all doubts if they are groundless. We would first like to clarify the scientific status of the journal. According to the decree of the Croatian Ministry of Information No. 523-91-2 of 3rd March 1991 and the decree of the Ministry of Science and Technology of 2000, the Forestry Journal is denoted as a scientific journal. To say what is and what is not scientific, particularly in the biotechnological sciences, requires some references, which Mr Pavelić, judging from his manner of management, does not possess. Neither does he possess professional references for managing such a demanding economic branch, whose primary goal should not be the production of wood mass only. The scientific status of the journal is confirmed by articles cited from relevant international scientific journals, and more recently, by the important Impact Factor, which further exemplifies the high quality of the journal. The Forestry Journal is not only a scientific magazine; it is a scientific-specialist and professional journal of the Croatian Forestry Association, as stated in its sub headline. This means that all the texts are based on exclusively scientific-specialist and professional foundations rather than on political ones. The questions raised in the subject text were not "concocted" by the Journal's Editorial Board. The Editorial Board only formulated the opinion of the profession via the CFA Management Board, which is also the Journal's Editorial Council. The Editorial Council is comprised of presidents of 19 branches (who were not appointed by the Headquarters but were elected from a membership of about 3,000 members in all), and of representatives of the Faculty of Forestry, Academy of Forestry Sciences, the Croatian Forest Research Institute, HKIŠDT (Croatian Chamber of Forestry and Wood Technology Engineers) and the competent Ministry. The above confirms the unquestionable status of competences. Moreover, the list can further be widened by members of the Editorial Board who are specialists in different scientific-specialist fields. Mr Pavelić does not have to answer all the questions raised in the journal because he is a representative of the state "concessionaire", who has been entrusted with the administration and management of the national treasure and who should be supervised by the competent Ministry throughout his term of office. Whether the competent Ministry has done so or is doing so, and whether those responsible in the Ministry and the Government of the Republic of Croatia are aware of what has been "sacrificed" in order to achieve the glorified profit "on paper" and probably obtain managers' bonuses remains doubtful. As for the bonuses, a topic on which much has been written in different media, it is interesting to point out that the discussions focused only on whether the distribution of so-called profit should have involved all those employed in the company Croatian Forests Ltd. Not one word was said about the enormous damage inflicted on the forests and forestland by inadequate forest management. No one, not even forestry engineers, union members, sought answers to the questions raised in the Editorial of Forestry Journal 3-4/2016, which so incensed the arrogant President of the Management Board of Croatian Forests LtdRegarding the financial support to the journal, we should just point out that this is not financial support but subscription to the journal. By declaring his decision, the gentleman in question concludes that forestry experts do not need life-ling learning and cancels the subscription, thus becoming the first manager to do so after 140 years of the publication of the Journal, precisely in the year in which we celebrate this important anniversary.To sum up, the questions raised in the journal are not the topic of "street chit-chat or coffee shop small talk", as Mr Pavelić says. On the contrary, it is the topic that requires serious and qualified discussions at the highest scientific-specialist and political level. After all, what is at stake here is national treasure of immeasurable value. Editorial Bord
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Ciência da informação e educação
In: ETD - Educação Temática Digital, Band 8, Heft 2, S. 1-11
Apresenta a área Ciência da Informação e seus objetos de estudo no mesmo movimento em que esses objetos de estudo são pensados na interrelação com a Educação, tornando assim a questão da autoria, do uso de periódicos educacionais e o funcionamento dos grupos de pesquisa em educação, novos objetos de pesquisa revitalizados pelo aporte discursivo e pela aproximação das áreas em questão.
A questão do argumento social-ontológico na filosofia social: a instituição social como fonte de pesquisa crítico-normativa
In: Griot: Revista de Filosofia, Band 16, Heft 2, S. 205-220
Social philosophy takes care of three tasks: the conceptual idea about an institution, how it functions and how it accomplish. In this sense, a challenge to social philosophy, from the point of view of critical-normative research, is to think of the social institution not only as the backbone of society, but, above all, to link it with the social-ontological argument with emancipatory approach; in other words, how a social institution how to deal with its task of promoting social goods and social rights. I intend to explain the philosophical-social requirement of the social-ontological argument in the discussion of critical-normative research taking into account that, at first, the social institution is understand itself as a medium to emancipation and, secondly, this institution stem from a detranscendental reason conception and this refer to a new way to think the social philosophy inside in the historical background of ours social communities.
Determinantes sociais da saúde: o "social" em questão ; Social determinants of health: the "social" in question
This article seeks to discuss the vision of the 'social' in the field called social determinants of health. For this, bibliographical research was conducted, based on references from the field of human sciences, by authors such as Latour (2012) and Santos (1988). It begins with a general characterization of the field of social determinants of health, especially political and scientific views. Then, it presents the critical elements characterizing paths on the thinking of these authors. The study sought to highlight reductionism increasingly present in the approach to the field of social determinants of health. These reductionisms that ultimately limit further reading about the complexity of life in society and reinforce the commodification and trivialization of life. Santos (1988) notes that, in front of these reductionism, science cannot be merely producing a scientific paradigm, but also a social paradigm - the paradigm of a decent life. The thinking of Latour (2012) brought arguments to rethink the 'social' beyond a specific and limited domain of reality, as something always external to the subject and to their own health. The fragmented view of the field of social determinants of health is what we put into analysis and make inquiries as a way to raise future discussions on the topic.
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Otherness and race between Africa and Brazil: whiteness and decentering in the brazilian social sciences ; Alteridade e raça entre África e Brasil: branquidade e descentramentos nas ciências sociais brasileiras
A partir da minha experiência de campo em Angola, busco problematizar a tradicional caracterização da antropologia brasileira - e por extensão das ciências sociais - como feita por "brasileiros" sobre o "Brasil", refletindo sobre o novo perfil dos cientistas sociais quanto ao pertencimento étnico, racial e de classe que tem se pluralizado nos últimos 20 anos. Esta transformação do perfil dos cientistas sociais desafia a ideia de um "nós antropológico" centrado em uma ideia naciocêntrica que não reconhece sua posição de classe, raça e território, ou seja, branca, de classe média, oriunda ou socializada no sul/sudeste do país. Defendo o descentramento das ciências sociais brasileiras inspirada pelos novos movimentos de descolonização das ciências sociais. Esse descentramento passa pelo reconhecimento e politização da branquidade hegemônica das ciências sociais como condição para sua revisão crítica. ; From my field experience in Angola, I seek to question the traditional characterization of Brazilian anthropology - and by extension of the social sciences - as made by "Brazilians" about "Brazil", reflecting on the new profile of social scientists regarding ethnic belonging, racial and class that has pluralized for the past 20 years. This transformation of the profile of social scientists challenges the idea of "us the anthropologist" built on a nation-centered idea that does not recognize its class, race and territory, i.e. white, middle class, or socialized status in the south / southeast of the country. I defend the decentering of the Brazilian social sciences inspired by the new movements of decolonization of the social sciences. This decentering involves the recognition and politicization of the hegemonic whiteness of the social sciences as a condition for its critical revision.
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