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This paper contributes to a rethinking of animal abuse control and animal welfare protection in criminology, specifically, and in the social sciences more broadly. We do this, first, through a broad mapping of the institutional control complex around animal abuse in contemporary Britain. Second, we focus on the institutional strategies and practices, past and present, of the main agency of animal protection, and the policing thereof, in this society, namely the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA). In looking back to this charity's growth since the first decades of the nineteenth century at the time of the birth of modern industrial capitalism and also to its current rationale and practices as a late-modern, corporate organisation, we explore the seeming paradox of a private body taking a lead on the regulation and prosecution of illegalities associated with animal-human relationships. Finally, the ideology and strategy of the RSPCA are explored in the context of the often visceral and culturally influential 'morality war' associated with proponents, respectively, of animal rights ('abolition') and 'anthropic' welfare proponents ('regulation' and 'protection').

This paper contributes to a rethinking of animal abuse control and animal welfare protection in criminology, specifically, and in the social sciences more broadly. We do this, first, through a broad mapping of the institutional control complex around animal abuse in contemporary Britain. Second, we focus on the institutional strategies and practices, past and present, of the main agency of animal protection, and the policing thereof, in this society, namely the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA). In looking back to this charity's growth since the first decades of the nineteenth century at the time of the birth of modern industrial capitalism and also to its current rationale and practices as a late-modern, corporate organisation, we explore the seeming paradox of a private body taking a lead on the regulation and prosecution of illegalities associated with animal-human relationships. Finally, the ideology and strategy of the RSPCA are explored in the context of the often visceral and culturally influential 'morality war' associated with proponents, respectively, of animal rights ('abolition') and 'anthropic' welfare proponents ('regulation' and 'protection').

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Foreword: The Criminology That Came in Out of the Cold -- Preface -- 1. Introduction: Left Realism, Crime Control, and Policing in the l 990s / Lowman, John / MacLean, Brian D. -- Part One: The Case for Left Realism -- 2. Realist Research as a Basis for Local Criminal Justice Policy / Young, Jock -- 3. Developing a Realist Approach to Penal Reform / Matthews, Roger -- 4. Retreatism, Minimalism, Realism: Three Styles of Reasoning on Crime and Drugs in the United States / Currie, Elliott -- Part Two: A Critical Assessment of Left Realism -- 5. Canadian Realist Criminology in the 1990s: Some Reflections on the Quest for Social Justice / Havemann, Paul -- 6. Crime and Justice in Socialist Cuba: What Can Left Realists Learn? / Michalowski, Raymond J. -- 7. Beyond Realist Criminology / Menzies, Robert -- 8. The 'Left Regulation' of Prostitution: Reconciling Individual Rights and Collective Interests / Lowman, John -- 9. Why Company Law Is Important to Left Realists / McQueen, Rob -- Part Three: Left Realism and Feminism -- 10. Women, Crime, Feminism, and Realism / Carlen, Pat -- 11. Feminism and Realism in the Canadian Context / Currie, Dawn H. -- 12. Counting What Counts: The Study of Women's Fear of Crime / Ahluwalia, Seema -- 13. Confronting Woman Abuse in Canada: A Left-Realist Approach / DeKeseredy, Walter S. -- Part Four: Left Realism and Victimology -- 14. Researching Victims of Crime: Critical Victimology / Walklate, Sandra -- 15. The Local Crime Survey: Pitfalls and Possibilities / Pease, Ken -- 16. The Contribution of 'Left Realism' to the Study of Commercial Crime / Pearce, Frank -- 17. A Program of Local Crime Survey Research for Canada / MacLean, Brian D. -- Contributors

"Criminology is a young discipline. In fact, the term "criminology" is only a little more than a century old. But in this brief time, criminology has emerged as an important social and behavioral science devoted to the study of crime and criminal behavior, and the society's response to both. Criminology fosters theoretical debates, contributes ideas and constructs, develops and explores new research methodologies, and suggests policies and solutions to a wide range of crime problems that dramatically affect the lives of countless people in the United States and around the world. Problems as vital and urgent as those addressed in this book are challenging, exciting, and, at the same time, disturbing and tragic. Moreover, these problems are immediately relevant to all of our lives. This is especially true today, when crimes here and abroad touch so many lives, in so many ways. Our goal with this book has been, and remains, to discuss these problems, their origins, and their possible solutions in a clear, practical, straightforward fashion that brings the material to life for students. We invite faculty and students alike to join the authors' in traveling along criminology's path, exploring its expanding boundaries, and mapping out its future"--

For close to a century, the field of community criminology has examined the causes and consequences of community crime and delinquency rates. Nevertheless, there is still a lot we do not know about the dynamics behind these connections. In this book, Ralph Taylor argues that obstacles to deepening our understanding of community/crime links arise in part because most scholars have overlooked four fundamental concerns: how conceptual frames depend on the geographic units and/or temporal units used; how to establish the meaning of theoretically central ecological empirical indicators; and how to think about the causes and consequences of non-random selection dynamics. The volume organizes these four conceptual challenges using a common meta-analytic framework. The framework pinpoints critical features of and gaps in current theories about communities and crime, connects these concerns to current debates in both criminology and the philosophy of social science, and sketches the types of theory testing needed in the future if we are to grow our understanding of the causes and consequences of community crime rates. Taylor explains that a common meta-theoretical frame provides a grammar for thinking critically about current theories and simultaneously allows presenting these four topics and their connections in a unified manner. The volume provides an orientation to current and past scholarship in this area by describing three distinct but related community crime sequences involving delinquents, adult offenders, and victims. These sequences highlight community justice dynamics thereby raising questions about frequently used crime indicators in this area of research. A groundbreaking work melding past scholarly practices in criminology with the field's current needs, Community Criminology is an essential work for criminologists

"This volume is intentionally far from representing an attempt at exhaustive discussion, or even complete cataloging, of the data of criminology. The book differs from others in the general field in that it is, from first to last, an attempt at a psychologic approach. But it does not emphasize criminal-personality characteristics that were "before the world was." On the other hand the author believes that this personality is at least as much a product of social contacts as is the professional disposition of the physician, e.g. The acquired attitudes, he believes, are probably the greatest sources of our behavior whether it be making professional visits upon the sick or robbing banks. These attitudes develop out of infinitely numerous reactions to our environment; reactions that are facilitated or retarded by reason of our native capacities, our prepotent reflexes, etc. Whatever agencies are set up, therefore, for dealing with the criminal must be examined as to their merits by reference to their suitability for developing appropriate attitudes among criminals and all others who come into contact with these agencies"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Detailed contents -- Part 1 Understanding crime and criminology -- 1 Understanding crime and criminology -- What is criminology? -- An interdisciplinary subject -- Defining criminology -- Understanding crime -- Crime and the criminal law -- Crime as a social construct -- Historical variation -- Criminology in Britain -- Further reading -- 2 Crime and punishment in history -- Introduction -- Emergence of a modern criminal justice system -- Policing -- The 'new police' -- Resistance and reform -- Into the twentieth century -- The victim and prosecution -- Formalisation of the prosecution process -- The courts -- Decline of the profit motive -- Punishment -- Capital punishment -- Transportation -- Imprisonment -- Probation -- Crime and violence in history -- Levels of crime -- Perceptions of crime -- Questions for further discussion -- Further reading -- Websites -- 3 Crime data and crime trends -- Introduction -- Measuring crime -- Official statistics -- England and Wales: Criminal Statistics -- United States: Uniform Crime Reports -- Assessing official statistics -- Impact of legislation -- Understanding 'attrition' -- Limitations of official statistics -- Victimisation surveys -- The Crime Survey for England and Wales -- Local crime surveys -- Other victimisation surveys -- Assessing victimisation surveys -- Comparing official statistics and victimisation surveys -- Crime trends -- Data on offenders -- Self-report studies -- Assessing the self-report method -- Questions for further discussion -- Further reading -- Websites -- 4 Crime and the media -- Introduction -- Academic study of the media -- Media representations of crime -- Newsworthiness -- The crime content in the media -- Violent crime in the news -- Are the media criminogenic? -- Media effects -- Media and fear of crime -- Moral panics