Suchergebnisse

This article seeks to discuss the vision of the 'social' in the field called social determinants of health. For this, bibliographical research was conducted, based on references from the field of human sciences, by authors such as Latour (2012) and Santos (1988). It begins with a general characterization of the field of social determinants of health, especially political and scientific views. Then, it presents the critical elements characterizing paths on the thinking of these authors. The study sought to highlight reductionism increasingly present in the approach to the field of social determinants of health. These reductionisms that ultimately limit further reading about the complexity of life in society and reinforce the commodification and trivialization of life. Santos (1988) notes that, in front of these reductionism, science cannot be merely producing a scientific paradigm, but also a social paradigm - the paradigm of a decent life. The thinking of Latour (2012) brought arguments to rethink the 'social' beyond a specific and limited domain of reality, as something always external to the subject and to their own health. The fragmented view of the field of social determinants of health is what we put into analysis and make inquiries as a way to raise future discussions on the topic.

A partir da minha experiência de campo em Angola, busco problematizar a tradicional caracterização da antropologia brasileira - e por extensão das ciências sociais - como feita por "brasileiros" sobre o "Brasil", refletindo sobre o novo perfil dos cientistas sociais quanto ao pertencimento étnico, racial e de classe que tem se pluralizado nos últimos 20 anos. Esta transformação do perfil dos cientistas sociais desafia a ideia de um "nós antropológico" centrado em uma ideia naciocêntrica que não reconhece sua posição de classe, raça e território, ou seja, branca, de classe média, oriunda ou socializada no sul/sudeste do país. Defendo o descentramento das ciências sociais brasileiras inspirada pelos novos movimentos de descolonização das ciências sociais. Esse descentramento passa pelo reconhecimento e politização da branquidade hegemônica das ciências sociais como condição para sua revisão crítica. ; From my field experience in Angola, I seek to question the traditional characterization of Brazilian anthropology - and by extension of the social sciences - as made by "Brazilians" about "Brazil", reflecting on the new profile of social scientists regarding ethnic belonging, racial and class that has pluralized for the past 20 years. This transformation of the profile of social scientists challenges the idea of "us the anthropologist" built on a nation-centered idea that does not recognize its class, race and territory, i.e. white, middle class, or socialized status in the south / southeast of the country. I defend the decentering of the Brazilian social sciences inspired by the new movements of decolonization of the social sciences. This decentering involves the recognition and politicization of the hegemonic whiteness of the social sciences as a condition for its critical revision.

The aim of the present paper is to analyze the conception of science of Popper resorting to the metaphor with the game of chess that he uses in his work The logic of scientific research. We consider that by means of this metaphor it is possible to perceive that its conception of science is not reduced to the logical criterion of falsifiability as many of its critics let us envisage, nor even to define methodological rules to guide the practice of science. But the philosopher himself in establishing such analogy makes it clear the existence os rules is what science has in common with the game of chess. In our view, these rules, as well as the scientific criterion, are not sufficient to define the scientific practice, since it involves other elements such as: values, objectives, scientific community and context in which the research is carried out. Popper assumes these elements in his metaphor, but does not make them explicit. It is only in later works such as Conjectures and Refutations and The Open Society and Its Enemies that they are clearly defined. We, therefore, intend to bring to light those elements involved in the game of science in Popper in order to give greater clarity to his conception of what science is.