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The result of this research indicated that: (1) the couses of Dayak, Melayu and Madura ethnics in SebangkiVillages, Landak District, West Kalimantan avoided from conlict are because of the competition of jobsorder are very little. The limitation of physical infrastructures building like: streets, electricity, and telephoneor celularphone that can be used for social movement, relatively long distance between village to village and the most of existing government and education institution, as well as institutions of religious, politics,and the family function still are efectif to maintain threir daily social life; (2) social interactional modelsbetween Dayak,Melayu and Madura can be conducted through married system, economic activities,institutions: of adat Dayak Kanayatn, social/ education, religious, and politics; (3) the construction ofsocial capital between those etnics is very strong ; (4) the social engineering which conducted bygovernment institution and the existing institutions of: adat, social/ education, religious, politics, and thefamily function in Sebangki villages are very high. The methods of social control within multiculturalethnics in Sebangki use persuasive and coersief techniques. This techniques may be appropriatebecause they can give positive responses for the whole people as well as motivate people to have moreinteractions and consequently tighten the social capital and social integration among ethnics in Sebangki.

В статье показана необходимость совершенствования технологий социального партнерства для наращивания потенциала трудовых ресурсов депрессивных регионов в новых экономических условиях. Обоснована в данном контексте важность встраивания информационно-организационного инструментария в процесс воспроизводства, развития и целевого использования трудовых ресурсов. Автор исследует изменившиеся условия функционирования трудового потенциала российских территорий, определяемые существенной коррекцией государственной политики, проецируемой на мезоуровень, в связи с новой геополитической ситуацией. Кроме того, рассматривается роль различного рода технологий социального партнерства, информационно-организационной поддержкой которых могут стать региональные логистические центры по управлению социально-трудовым потенциалом региона. Дается оценка технологий социального партнерства в развитии трудового потенциала отсталых территорий. В результате проведенного исследования выявлены актуальные проблемы социального партнерства в развитии трудового потенциала отсталых территорий. Исследователем выявлено, что регионы имеют значительный потенциал повышения уровня информатизации общественной жизни. Предложенные рекомендации по развитию механизмов социального партнерства в процессе воспроизводства социально-трудового потенциала отсталых территорий направлены на задействование латентных возможностей, имеющихся в этих регионах, но недостаточно используемых и нуждающихся в более совершенной институциональной поддержке. ; Need of improvement of technologies of social partnership for capacity-building of a manpower of depressive regions for new economic conditions is convincingly shown in article. Importance of embedding of information and organizational tools in process of reproduction, development and target use of a manpower is proved in this context. The article clearly shows the need to improve the technology of social partnership to build the capacity of labor depressed regions in the new economy. Justified in this context the importance of integrating information and organizational tools in the process of reproduction, development and targeted use of labor resources. The author of a scientific publication examines the changing conditions of functioning of the labor potential of Russian territories defined substantial correction of public policy, projected on the meso level, due to the new geopolitical situation. In addition, examines the role of various types of technologies of social partnership, information and organizational support which can become regional logistics center to manage the social and labor potential of the region. In this paper, using a search, science, research methods assesses the technologies of social partnership in the development of labor potential of backward areas. The analysis in the South Russian regions, which indicates the lack of development of information and organizational support for the reproduction of social and labor potential. The study identified current problems of social partnership in the development of labor potential of backward areas. The researcher found that the regions have considerable potential to improve the informatization level of public life. Noted that the North Ossetia-Alania is a leader in the North Caucasian Federal District in terms of the implementation of "electronic government", and ranks fifth among the other subjects of the Russian Federation. The proposed recommendations for the development of mechanisms of social partnership in the process of reproduction of social and labor potential of backward areas aimed at harnessing the latent opportunities available in these regions, but not enough to be used and in need of more advanced institutional support.

Managed forests can play an important role in climate change mitigation due to their capacity to sequester carbon. However, it has proven difficult to harness their full potential for climate change mitigation. Managed forests are often referred to as socio-ecological systems as the human dimension is an integral part of the system. When attempting to change systems that are influenced by factors such as collective knowledge, social organization, understanding of the situation and values represented in society, initial intentions often shift due to the complexity of political, social and scientific interactions. Currently, the scientific literature is dispersed over the different factors related to the socio-ecological system. To examine the level of dispersion and to obtain a holistic view, we review climate change mitigation in the context of Swedish forest research. We introduce a heuristic framework to understand decision-making connected to climate change mitigation. We apply our framework to two themes which span different dimensions in the socio-ecological system: carbon accounting and bioenergy. A key finding in the literature was the perception that current uncertainties regarding the reliability of different methods of carbon accounting inhibits international agreement on the use of forests for climate change mitigation. This feeds into a strategic obstacle affecting the willingness of individual countries to implement forest-related carbon emission reduction policies. Decisions on the utilization of forests for bioenergy are impeded by a lack of knowledge regarding the resultant biophysical and social consequences. This interacts negatively with the development of institutional incentives regarding the production of bioenergy using forest products. Normative disagreement about acceptable forest use further affects these scientific discussions and therefore is an over-arching influence on decision-making. With our framework, we capture this complexity and make obstacles to decision-making more transparent to enable their more effective resolution. We have identified the main research areas concerned with the use of managed forest in climate change mitigation and the obstacles that are connected to decision making. ; Funding Agencies: Swedish Forestry Industry Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) Umeå University Forestry Research Institute of Sweden

Dropping out of university studies is present all over the world and is considered a problem of social impact that affects the student's economy, the family and the State. In recent years, the health crisis due to COVID-19 and socio-political problems have increased university dropout in some countries. The present study systematically and comprehensively explored primary studies on the factors and variables involved in dropping out of university students. The research was reviewed in the Latin American context in the last ten years, in the following databases: Scielo, Web of Science, and ProQuest. The selection and inclusion of the 21 studies was carried out according to the scoping review methodology. The findings show a positive trend in the last three years in the production of articles; the factors and associated variables were grouped according to the recommendations of the ALFA-GUIA project for a better understanding. It is concluded that factors and variables such as: Academic: academic performance, Individual: lack of motivation, Economic: family economic support, and Institutional: academic and psychological support are the main factors when deciding to abandon a university career.

Received: 11 November 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 5 March 2024

Social policy and welfare provision have converged with socio-economic conditions, cultural beliefs about kin support and intra-household dynamics to position older women as important financial providers in their families. This article draws on the findings of a qualitative study about intergenerational relationships of care in a large township near Cape Town. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with fourteen female Old Age Grant recipients and some of their co-resident adult children. The article focuses on the grant recipients' experiences of giving and receiving financial support ('financial care') in their intergenerational relationships. It also unpacks the intra-household dynamics involved in this caregiving. Although the grant better enabled the women in the study to meet the needs of their households, beliefs about the mutual and shared responsibility for financial caregiving in families informed their expectations of financial assistance from younger kin. When their co-resident younger relatives did earn an income, negotiations around the provision of financial care ensued; generating conflict and reflecting unequal power relations between relatives. These dynamics contributed to the women's experiences of vulnerability and their high burden of care. In this context, the article examines the state's role in the care process and how it has contributed to the gendered and generational distribution of care work in families.

The enforced opening of Thailand's cigarette market to imports in 1990 has become a cause celebre in debates about the social and health impacts of trade agreements. At the instigation of leading US-based cigarette manufacturers, the US Trade Representative (USTR) threatened trade sanctions against Thailand to compel the government to liberalize its domestic cigarette market. Thailand's challenge to the USTR led to referral to General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) arbitration. While GATT ruled in favour of the USTR on market access, it also found that Thailand could subsequently enact non-discriminatory tobacco control regulation without contravening the GATT agreement. This article contributes to existing literature via its analysis of tobacco industry documents that highlight not only USTR responsiveness to lobbying from tobacco corporations, raising concerns about the drivers of globalization and the limited protection afforded to public health concerns in trade agreements. Significantly, the documents also indicate that USTR support of the tobacco industry was not unconditional, being subject to wider pressures of global trade negotiations. Such qualification notwithstanding, however, ongoing governmental willingness to advance the international interests of tobacco corporations remains a concern from a public health perspective, particularly given the failure of the US to ratify the World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.

Connections between global governance and poverty are usually made in relation to what are loosely called 'poor countries' of the 'global south'. However, global governance also significantly shapes dynamics of impoverishment in 'rich countries' of the 'global north'. These impacts become all the more apparent when global governance is understood to involve not only well-known intergovernmental agencies such as the United Nations and the World Trade Organisation, but also additional institutional forms such as transgovernmental networks and private regulatory mechanisms. This broad complex of global governance has often exacerbated poverty in the global north, for example through neglect of the issue, through marginalisation of the people affected, and through the promotion of neoliberal policy frames. At the same time, global governance has in other ways also promoted poverty alleviation in 'high-income countries', for example with rules that work in their structural favour, with policy learning, with rights discourses, and with some promotion of global-scale social democracy. Thus, the challenge for efforts to reduce poverty in the global north is, on the one hand, to counter the negative implications of global governance and, on the other hand, to nurture the positive forces. Global coalitions of anti-poverty campaigners – in particular across north–south lines – could especially serve these politics.

Recent policy reforms have brought the Prime Minister into conflict with groups among welfare state policy-makers and professionals whom he dubs 'conservative' and, by implication, reactionary. An alternative explanation of resistance is that some members of these groups understand contemporary welfare need in a fundamentally different way from that implicit in the reforms. They adhere to an understanding of the role and operation of state welfare that identifies problems as the outcome of structural inequalities and not simply as the failure to grasp opportunities, and reject the emphasis on enhancing equality of opportunity promoted so enthusiastically by the government. This article examines the pattern of attitudes among state and private sector salariat and the working class and shows that, in contrast to the individualist models which underlie the New Labour approach, many welfare state professionals and managers see structural divisions such as social class as highly important. Contrariness, conservative sloth and self-interest certainly play a part in resistance to change in traditional approaches to welfare. However, disagreement on the balance between individual equal opportunity and the mitigation of structural inequality in reform is also significant, and an important defence of some of the achievements of state welfare. Over-emphasis on opportunity may distract attention from policies (such as redistribution) designed to reduce the advantages of privileged groups in an increasingly unequal society.

Aims: It is common in the context of evaluations that participants have not been selected on the basis of transparent participation criteria, and researchers and evaluators many times have to make do with observational data to estimate effects of job training programs and similar interventions. The techniques developed by researchers in such endeavours are useful not only to researchers narrowly focused on evaluations, but also to social and population science more generally, as observational data overwhelmingly are the norm, and the endogeneity challenges encountered in the estimation of causal effects with such data are not trivial. The aim of this article is to illustrate how register data can be used strategically to evaluate programs and interventions and to estimate causal effects of participation in these. Methods: We use propensity score matching on pretreatment-period variables to derive a synthetic control group, and we use this group as a comparison to estimate the employment-treatment effect of participation in a large job-training program. Results: We find the effect of treatment to be small and positive but transient. Conclusions: Our method reveals a strong regression to the mean effect, extremely easy to interpret as a treatment effect had a less advanced design been used (e.g. a within-subjects panel data analysis), and illustrates one of the unique advantages of using population register data for research purposes. ; Funding Agencies|European Social Fund in Sweden; European Research Council under European Union [324233]; Riksbankens Jubileumsfond [M12-0301:1]; Swedish Research Council [445-2013-7681, 340-2013-5460]

This political science doctoral dissertation entitled "A Policy of regional decentralization and development, and local identities in Niger: the case of Damagaram" looks at the context of a country of Sahel (Niger) which is identified as the most Sahelian country of the Sahel region. Located in West Africa, on Nigerien territory, the Damagaram is an agro-pastoral dominant region, representing 11.57% of the national territory, and 21.7% of the country's 2001 total population. This research interest lies in: the 19th century colonial history of Zinder sultanate, the transfer of the territory headquarter from Zinder to Niamey, and the political problem resulting from the fact that the elites of that region are the first to advance the issue of delay in the development of the region of Damagaram. This dissertation not only aims to capture ways to explain the capacity of mobilization, consensus, and interest representation at the Damagaram level, but it also focuses on an understanding of regional particularities in terms of identities, through the implementation of public policies in general, the experiences of regional development in Zinder in particular, mainly in the formulation of the Regional Development Guiding Scheme (RDGS/SDDR) of Zinder. The study reveals how regional, administrative and management institutions articulate within the social spaces to build political spaces which are vital to the implementation of public policies and regional development. In addition, the study identifies the main Damagaram identification symbols which, for more than ever, seem to be activated by the ongoing process of democratization and decentralization in Niger. The author apprehends the influence of Damagaram identity factor on the institutions in charge of regional development. He analyzes the actors' strategies and roles in the conquest of electorate and in the formulation of regional development instruments and actions. It appears that the Sultanate, as a symbol of traditional power, the organization of which hinges on ...

The influence of Vannevar Bush on the history and institutions of twentieth-century American science and technology is staggeringly vast. Edited by Bush's biographer, G. Pascal Zachary, this collection presents more than fifty of Bush's most important works across four decades.

What this book is about -- Science and Space in Society (by Rossella Spiga) -- Institutional Space Communication -- Space Communication for the Public -- Space Communication for the stakeholders -- Some Space missions and events as case studies on space communication -- Future trends in Space Communication.

El proyecto Maquinas metodológicas: encuentro con el otro, encuentros con el arte, reconoce tres temporalidades que se encuentran presentes en las escuelas de arte: los sujetos, las instituciones y las formas de hacer. El estudio de estas temporalidades permite: evidenciar la distancia que se presenta entre ellas; reconocer la singularidad de los sujetos en contraposición a un intento de estandarización social que está presente en todas las instituciones; crear una metodología que examina, desde la diferencia, la desconexión presente en los procesos de creación. Para la realización de este proyecto ha sido de vital importancia mi experiencia como madre de un niño con discapacidad. Esto ha posibilitado el reconocimiento de la complejidad de los procesos más simples. Con ello ha sido posible reconocer de manera directa cómo el actuar personal se relaciona con las condiciones históricas, sociales y políticas en las que se está inmerso, y desde este lugar, ejercer resistencia al estado actual de una sociedad. En una etapa futura del proyecto se buscará considerar estrategias que permitan, desde las individualidades, favorecer desarrollos sociales que no menoscaben la identidad de los sujetos. ; Abstract. "Methodological machines: an encounter with the other, encounters with art" is a project that acknowledges three time frames found in art schools: subjects, institutions and ways of doing. Their study allows: to stress the distance among them, to recognize the uniqueness of subjects in comparison to the institutions press into social standardization, and to create a methodology which examines the gap in creative processes. My experience as a mother of a child with a disability has been crucial to making this project. It has enabled me to recognize the complexity present in the simplest processes. From this, it has been possible to directly tell how historical, social and political contexts relate to personal action, and hence exert a resistance to society inertia. A future direction of work will seek to include strategies that may, starting at people's individuality, enhance social development without harming subjects' identity. ; Maestría

The influential work of Suzan Lewis has played an important part in shaping understandings of parenting, work–life integration and gendered values and practices in organizations. Below, we offer a brief outline of how Suzan's work has influenced the work–life research field. We focus particularly on her observations about career advancement, gender and a sense of entitlement (or otherwise) among employed fathers and mothers. In particular, we build on Lewis's [(1997). 'Family friendly' employment policies: A route to changing organizational culture or playing about at the margins? Gender, Work & Organization, 4, 13–23] notion of 'entitlement' among and between employed parents regarding access to family friendly and/or flexible working and personal career advancement. We extend Lewis's ideas through developing a framework which reflects the relative sense of entitlement (or lack thereof) between fathers and mothers in relation, respectively, to 'support for family needs' and 'equity in career development' (1997, p. 15). We then advance and update this framework through suggesting that a sense of entitlement among today's fathers, regarding access to family friendly working, may be undergoing a social shift. Drawing upon Lewis's important contribution to the work–life field, the paper thus explores how understandings of fatherhood are changing. We then consider what future research agendas might be.

Takes a fascinating look into happiness; the science and research behind it, the practical methods for making it a priority in the workplace and the very real ways in which it translates into higher performance.