Suchergebnisse

The publishing activity of Yurij Tyshchenko (Siryi) in Ukraine and emigration (1907–1953) as one of the brightest representatives of the process of Ukrainian revival of the first half of the XX century is traced. It is analysed the efforts of a prominent Ukrainian on business in the awakening of national consciousness, forming of identity, knowledge dissemination among the great masses of Ukrainians, distribution of Ukrainian books in Ukraine and in the world through organizing and operation of publishing houses "Dzvin", "UT Publishing House (Yurij Tyshchenko)", active public activity. It is updated the book products of the publishing houses, managed by Yu. Tyshchenko, from the fund of the Foreign Ukrainistics Department of the Bibliology Institute of Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine. Special attention is paid to scientific, popular science, educational and children's book. There are given content and book characteristics and there are found out the ways of distribution of the Ukrainian book in emigration conditions. There are traced the relationship of the enterprises managed by Yu.Tyshchenko with Ukrainian establishments, organizations and public associations in emigration and in Ukraine. On the example of activity of Yu.
Tyshchenko in emigration, it is shown the complexity of publishing process organization and the life and activities of Ukrainian political emigration abroad. Considerable attention is paid to the works of Yu. Tyshchenko himself, prepared, published and reprinted in Ukraine and the diaspora. The personal connections and cooperation of Yu.
Tyshchenko with prominent Ukrainian scientific, political and public figures of the first half of the XX century are revealed. Attention is accented on the contribution of a prominent Ukrainian figure in the development of Ukrainian book publishing, book distribution, Ukrainian cultural and national revival. On the example of Yu. Tyshchenko's activity in emigration, the complexity of the organization of the publishing process and the life and activity of Ukrainian political emigration abroad is shown.

The article deals with the Ukrainian emigration to Poland. The article emphasizes that migration is a normal phenomenon in the global world, and therefore it is important not to dramatize the situation but to pay more attention to the adaptation of migrants in the recipient countries. Main terminology used for migrants and migration' description is sharpened. It is emphasized that it is not appropriate to treat any migration from Ukraine as "labor migration". The article provides quantitative data on Ukrainian migration abroad and its dynamics as well as results of researches on migrational intentions and plans. Arguments are being made that the current migration of Ukrainians (after 2010) can be identified as the fifth wave of Ukrainian emigration. The dynamics of the structure of Ukrainian migration abroad is described. Quantitative estimates of Ukrainian migration in Poland are given as well. It is shown that the Ukrainian migration to Poland is changing both quantitatively (growing) and qualitatively: the number of highly educated migrants and those who intend to stay in the country for permanent residence increases. It is reasoned that Poland is interested in Ukrainian workers because they produce reasonable part of Polish GDP and replace Poles who leave the country. That's why Polish state and non-state institutions and organizations try to improve conditions for Ukrainians in Poland and create new opportunities for work and living in the country. It is argued that research on this topic will be an important contribution to understanding the (post)modern society because the role of migrations in it is changing. Migrants' self-awareness and identity are changing as well which leads to changes in ways of adaptation and integration of migrants in recipient countries. In particular, cultural factors that determine the decision about emigration become more important: seeking for the environment that fits best for cultural demands of potential migrants becomes crucial. Differential approaches to different groups of migrants on the basis of sociological researches can be a better ground for practical decisions to improve adaptation of migrants.

The main topic of the article is the analysis of political views and ideological conceptions of the Ukrainian political emigration after WWII also known as the Third wave of Emigration. According to the done overview it is shown, that the Ukrainian political emigration of the after-war period was politically and ideologically heterogeneous community which activity in political area on theoretical and practical levels had mostly conflicting character. The common principles were however the idea of the national independent of Ukraine as well as aspiration to overthrow of the Soviet communist power. Meanwhile the differences in the views of the most influenced political circles consisted in various strategies and tactics of the liberation struggle, in search for allies and the definition of their own role in the liberation movement. An important point for elaboration of principles and methods of the national liberation was the attitude to the Soviet Ukraine, and the positions of different political parties in this case were extended from its recognition as formal and limited form of the national statehood till the deny of its political subjectivity and proclaiming it as a territory occupied by Moscow bolshevist power. An important aspect of the question of attitude towards Soviet Ukraine by different political groups was the fact of the membership of the Ukrainian SSR in the UNO as well as the interpretation of the international and legal role of this fact in the context of defending of political sovereignty and rights of Ukraine. On these examples it is shown, that political views of the Ukrainian emigration constituted a wide pluralistic spectrum from the left to the right political opinions.

The article examines the impact of labor emigration on the economic security of the border regions of Ukraine and the economy of the country as a whole. It has been proved that globalization processes have more or less influence on different spheres of life, in particular on politics, economy, socio–cultural sphere. It was determined that in the context of globalization, the problems of emigration and its impact on the economic security of the country, in particular the border regions, became of strategic importance. The economic essence of the term «security» is defined as the absence of threats and the availability of opportunities for activity and development. Scientific approaches have been defined in the context of the meaning and essence of the term «economic security». The economic security of the border regions of Ukraine is outlined as the level of protection of the economic system of the border territories from the negative impact of external and internal factors that create threats, the likelihood of causing damage and providing appropriate measures to eliminate their negative impact. The development of processes of labor emigration in Ukraine is characterized. The internal and external factors causing labor emigration as a threat to the economic security of the border regions have been identified. The system of internal and external measures for slowing down the processes of labor emigration in the country is proposed.

The article deals with current historiography of the research program of modernization in Western – mostly US – academic literature. The article stresses the importance of the theory's reputation for its success or failure. The paper traces the origins of the critique of the discourse of modernization. The interrelation between academic scholarship and ideological partisanship is being examined. It is argued that ideology is an integral part of academic discourse, so the task of academics is not to get rid of ideology but to control it and keep within reasonable boundaries. The topicality of the issue raised in the article is determined by the hegemony of neo-liberal thinking which is a descendant of modernization theory with its belief in the exemplar nature of the Western experience. The article juxtaposes two mutually exclusive approaches to modernization theory, that of E.Tiryakian and I. Wallerstein. While the former is advocating the worthiness of modernization theory on grounds of its intellectual prowess, the latter is claiming that the idea of modernization was ideology, not a theory and as such was stillborn. Thus, they arrive at mutually opposite conclusions – the revival of modernization theory versus its burial. The article examines the vast literature on the origins, developmental history and political connections of modernization theory. The involvement of the founders of the modernization theory into the policy making towards the Third World is discussed. The role of modernization theory in buttressing the US policy during Vietnam War is revealed.It is argued that reputation of the scientific theory is critical to its reception and survival. The modernization theory today in Western nations is faced with radical left rejection, liberal critique and uncritical apology. At the same time there is a dangerous trend in Ukraine when the modernization theory is being perceived and (ab)used in a ritualistic manner. This is posture towards modernization research program should be combated by means of restoring value of rational discourse and selective appropriation of the legacy of the idea of modernization. ; Стаття розглядає сучасну історіографію дослідницької програми модернізації у закордонній - переважно американській – суспільствознавчій літературі. Стаття простежує походження критики дискурсу модернізації, визначає взаємовідношення між науковою теорією і партійною ідеологією в рамках дослідницької програми модернізації. Стаття вибудовує типологію підходів до теорії модернізації: ліворадикальний заперечення, ліберальну критику і некритичну апологію, а також пропонує визначити впливову тенденцію сприйняття теорії модернізації в Україну як рітуалізований культ.

The article contains the analysis of archive sources, published primary sources as well as historiography. It covers the peculiarities of the emigration of ethnic Germans from the territory of Volhynian Province in interwar Poland. The author defines the reasons that encouraged German population to emigrate. The author also determines main directions of this emigration, which were the USA, Canada, Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay. Main attention is paid to the quantified data of this emigration in different periods of interwar time as well as to encouraging and restricting measures performed by American and European states.The author states that the Province of Volhynia was an important part of interwar Poland. According to the census of 1921, there were 983 596 Ukrainians, 240 922 Poles, 151 744 Jews, 1 118 Belorussians, 25 405 Czechs, 24 960 Germans, and 9 450 Russians in this province. The census of 1931 recorded the quantitative growth of the German population of the Volhynian Province, which increased to 46 883 people. During the interwar period, the German colonists were drawn into the emigration movement, the reasons of which were mainly social, economic, and sometimes national. The government circles in Warsaw sought to mechanically increase the number of Poles in the Volhynian Province, in order to modify its national structure.The United States of America was the priority direction of German emigration from the western part of Volhynia during the interwar years. During 1919–1938, almost 1 thousand Germans emigrated from the Volhynia Province to the United States. It is also noteworthy that the bulk of the settlers (80%) arrived in the United States during the 1919–1925 – exactly when emigration to other areas was only in the period of formation.Canada was also one of the main directions of the German overseas emigration from Volhynia in the interwar period (The Germans, together with the Scandinavians, the Belgians, the Dutch, the French and the Swiss belonged to the so-called privileged peoples whose emigration was not subject to restrictions). The peak of the emigration of Germans from the Volhynian Province to Canada occurred in 1926–1938: over 640 Germans emigrated; they represented 5,8% of the total emigration population of the western part of Volhynia (11 135 people). An emigration to Argentina and Brazil was another part of the emigration movement from Volhynia during the interwar years. Thus, during 1926–1938, over 1 000 Germans moved to Argentina and about 300 left for Brazil, all of them were from the western part of Volhynia. In 1937–1938 many people of Volhynia left for Paraguay. During this period about 5 thousand people moved there, including 500 Germans.In general, during the interwar period, about 3 500 Germans emigrated overseas from the Volhynian Province. The greatest extent of this emigration occurred during 1926–1929. Its subsequent evelopment was largely influenced by the global economic crisis and the anti-immigration legislation of the countries of immigration. ; У статті, на основі аналізу архівних матеріалів, опублікованих джерел та історіографії, охарактеризовано особливості еміграції етнічних німців з території Волинського воєводства міжвоєнної Польщі. Визначено причини, які впродовж 1919–1939 рр. спонукали німецьке населення до еміграції, її головні напрями (США, Канада, Бразилія, Аргентина, Парагвай). Особливу увагу звернено на кількісні показники німецької еміграції на різних етапах міжвоєнного періоду й заохочувальні/рестрикційні заходи стосовно неї з боку держав Америки та Європи. На основі статистичних даних автор доводить, що пріоритетним напрямом німецької еміграції із західної частини Волині упродовж міжвоєнного двадцятиліття були держави Америки: США (упродовж 1919–1938 рр. сюди емігрувала майже 1 тис. німців) та Канада (пік еміграції припав на 1926–1938 рр., коли до країни емігрувало понад 640 німців), а також Аргентина та Бразилія (упродовж 1926–1938 рр. до Аргентини із західної частини Волині переселилося понад 1 тис. німців, до Бразилії – близько 300).

The author of this publication is Oleksandr Kolianchuk, Doctor of Philosophy (2001) and Doctor of History (2013), Vice-President of the South-Eastern Scientific Institute in Przemyśl (Poland). Born in the Chełm Land, as a result of the «Vistula» operation, he moved to northern Poland, where he began his career as an educator and research scientist. For many years he was the editor of Ukrainian-language radio programs in Olsztyn. He actively collaborated with the editorial boards of Ukrainian-language newspapers and magazines published in Poland. Dr. Kolianchuk devoted a significant part of his life to return to the historical memory of the fighters for the freedom of Ukraine, whose life ended in Poland. He wrote and published a number of well-known books in the West about the personalities of those who died forUkraine's resurrection, their places of living, activities and burials abroad. Among them: in Polish: «Umarli, aby zmartwychwstala Ukraina», «Ukraincy emigranci polityczni w zyciu naukowym, kulturnym, spolecznym I gospodarczym w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej», in Ukrainian – «Generality of the Ukrainian Liberation Struggle: Generals and Admirals Biographies», «Ukrainian Military Emigration in Poland 1920–1939», «Perpetuation of the Unconquered: «Ukrainian War Memorials '20-'30s of the 20th century in Poland»,«Unforgotten graves «and others. In these and other publications, the author's field of observation included the press and publishing activities of Ukrainian immigrants in Poland. Even before the signing in April 1920 of the Polish-Ukrainian agreement on the joint struggle against Bolshevik Russia, which threatened the independence of both Poland and Ukraine, there was a Ukrainian diplomatic mission and its military section in Warsaw. Under its auspices, in the Polish capital was published the periodical «Son of Ukraine», edited by the writer and poet Mykola Voronyi. As the authorities treated the stay of a large group of Ukrainian refugees in Poland as a temporary state, the emigration structures of the ...