Suchergebnisse

The article provides a characteristic of the archive of letters between Ivan Aksakov and wife. It also analyses main aspects of valuable content of the correspondence. Anna Aksakova, the eldest daughter of Fyodor Tyutchev, was talented and well-educated. The woman not only loved and married Ivan Aksakov, she was his soulmate and committed interlocutor. In their letters Ivan Aksakov and wife mention a number of Russian intellectuals of the second half of the 19th century: writers, poets, servicemen, philosophers, historians and religious figures, representatives of the imperial house and ministers, diplomats, family members of relatives and close acquaintances. Religious, historical, political, aesthetic and other matters discussed in the correspondence are not only an important source for the study of social, literary and domestic environment of reformation period and, specifically, the works of Ivan Aksakov. They also allow to clarify conservative standpoint of certain Russian intellectuals in the second half of the 19th century.

The article studies aspects of the Soviet outreach during World War II. The tool of such outreach was the Soviet Information Bureau, established on June 24, 1941. The authors focus on main directions of the operation of the Bureau. The novelty of the authors' findings lies in the fact that canonical texts of the Soviet Information Bureau were actually censored by Joseph Stalin himself. The article questions the significance of the underlying patterns for the development of domestic media content. The authors study how Stalin managed the media with the help of reports.
The study is relevant, as it reveals and argues the key role of Marxist ideologemes, contained in the reports, as the dominant factor defining the whole complex of newspaper and journal sources. Upon studying Stalin's notes, the authors conclude that the tenet of exceptional progressivity of Soviet socialist society was unquestionable for its leader. The argument on the excellence of the society and the proof of extreme reactivity of the opposing regime that cast shadow on the perfect society are connected with a complete perversion of facts. The article also contains the authors' investigation into information expansion organized by Soviet Information Bureau in the international arena during the studied period. According to the researchers, the expansion was aimed at creating a springboard to launch an agenda offensive in the post-war period. The authors conclude that Bureau's campaigns never succeeded despite major financial and labour investments due to deep ideological motivation: the majority of Soviet people, as well as most foreigners had no trust towards Soviet media.

The author presented the findings of the study individual and joint assessment of indivi­dual psychological traits of a person based on the image of his or her face, carried out in the Republic of Tyva. The findings show that there are significant differences in the assessment of personal traits based on the image of a person in an individual and joint situation of making interpersonal judgments; however, these differences are related to the identification of specific individual psychological traits. The researcher discovered inversely relationship between accuracy and subjective complexity of assessment of individual psychological traits of individuals of different races.

Based on the regional archival materials (private letters of nine veterans of World War II), the article discovers approaches to scientific description of external parameters of epistolary texts. Since analysed letters are written by privates and junior officers, the narrative represents the "trench viewpoint". External parameters of epistolary texts include various information: they capture the spirit of the period, describe some details of front life, reveal the level of culture of gene­ral and written speech, and in some cases reflect the psychological traits and mental state of the sen­der. The description of external features of epistolary texts lays a foundation for further analysis of their content, being an integral part of the linguistic and personological method of portraying a linguistic personality. The method is aimed at solving the issues of military and historical anthropology, as it allows to identify the factors that are important for recreating the multidimensional image of the sender in the severe environment of wartime reality.

The article analyses the collection of transcripts of correspondence between servicemen, who took part in the Crimea Offensive of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants in spring of 1944, resulting in complete liberation of Crimea from Nazi invasion. The transcripts were first introduced into scientific circulation. The transcripts are unique, since they were taken shortly after the battle by the Committee of the USSR Academy of Sciences headed by the future Academician Isaac Minz. The documents contain abundant information on unknown combat episodes, facts of the soldiers' heroism and sacrifice, as well as they perfectly reflect the "human dimension" of war.

The article describes the findings of the study of the most significant trends in the development of modern music theatre, resulting in the update of its genres. Influenced by the surge of theatrical creativity in culture, development of digital and interactive technologies and mass media, and other processes between the 20th and 21st centuries, major stylistic discoveries were made, as well as new forms of music stage performance occurred. The author is focused on areas of the modern music theatre, poorly studied by the national music history, such as: television and radio shows, documentary theatre, musical and choreographic performance, mixed media music theatre. Based on their analysis, the article defines basic directions for further development of theatrical and musical genres, i.e. to update traditional genre models from the inside by searching for special forms of genre and style fusion and non-musical playwright forms, combination with screen arts and with real life. The article addresses new forms of theatrical and musical performance, including live art performance, matters of time and space, reinterpretation of the role of the audience, the establishment of environment for various connotations, as well as music and generally aesthetic issues.

Facing the problem of self-identification as a true philosophy in the course of its development, analytical philosophy turns to the discussion of its own foundations and history. The objective of the article is to provide a summary of viewpoints and controversies. The author does not distinguish national and foreign philosophers, since their coordinates are more crucial for this matter, even with certain unidirectionality of their judgements. The summary discusses issues of giving a definition to analytical philosophy and its founders. The author focuses on the collection on analytical philosophy published throughout the years, which allows to see how the presentation of the state of analytical philosophy changed with time.
Another topic of the article is the problem of identifying a number of characteristic features of analytical philosophy. The work also criticizes the present suggestions. The author studies the problem of the crisis of analytical philosophy and the illusiveness of its existence. The argument suggests to see the crisis not as a dead end, but as a phenomenon opening new prospects in the development of both the analytical philosophy and the research of its history and methods.

The article includes the description and analysis of 12 sheets from Bergholtz collection de­dicated to two Courland palaces of Duke Ernst Johann von Biron in Mitau and Ruhenthal (nowadays, Latvia — Jelgava and Rundāle, respectively). Designed by Bartolomeo F. Rastrelli, the palaces belong to the finest works of the Russian Baroque architecture of the 1730s. The findings of the study reveal that 7 sheets illustrating the design and the façade of the Ruhenthal palace are practically an exact copy of the original project stored in the collection of the Albertina Museum in Vienna. Two out of five drafts of Mitau palace are also a copy of Viennese drafts, while three sheets of five are a copy of completed projects. Therefore, the most valuable items of Bergholtz collection are three architectural drafts of the façade and lay-outs of two floors of Mitau palace — the only copies of the completed Rastrelli's project known to science; the original copies are yet to be discovered.

The article covers the findings of the comparative combined neuropsychological and logopedic study of 150 comprehensive school children studying in the third grade. Some of the children experienced persistent difficulties in acquiring orthography skills. To determine to what extent spelling errors are attributed to ill-formed morphofunctional cerebral systems the authors ado­pted several forms of statistical analysis. It was discovered that a number of aspects of brain function, as well as the range of functional indicators correlating with spelling errors, differ in children with higher and lower level of orthography (spelling) competence, difference being especially evident in boys. All types of spelling errors demonstrated correlation with decreased level of program activity organization.

The paper is focused on the findings of archeological studies in the medieval Dargavs burial site (dated 7th – early 8th centuries), located in the mountain area of the Republic of North Ossetia (Alania). The paper summarizes general results of comprehensive studies of two catacomb burials dated the second half of the 8th – 9th century. The study investigates the type of the discovered burial construction, timeline of the burials. The results of the anthropological analysis of ancient people and evaluation of the significance of the Dargavs necropolis in the system of antiquities of Alanian medieval culture of the Central Caucasus are given in the paper.