Suchergebnisse

The article discusses the features of teaching municipal law at the Faculty of Law of Moscow University. This was in uenced by various factors, the central place among which is the dynamics of ideas about the essence of local self-government. The issues of teaching municipal law at Moscow University are traditionally included in the range of tasks of the department related to the organization of state power - the department of state law, Soviet construction, now - the department of constitutional and municipal law. The teachers of the department have made and continue to make to the formation of local self-government and Russian statehood. Devoting their work to the problems of the organization and activities of local authorities, the teachers of the department, on the one hand, maintained the continuity of scienti c views, strengthening the traditions of the national state-law school, and on the other hand, they created the foundation for future statelegal (constitutionallegal) transformations, sensitively responding to the requirements of the time, and sometimes ahead of them. Special attention is drawn to the fact that the issues of teaching municipal law at Moscow University are traditionally included in the range of tasks of the department related to the organization of state power - the department of state law and Soviet construction, now - the department of constitutional and municipal law. The paper points to the contribution that the teachers of the department have made and continue to make to the formation of local self-government and Russian statehood as a whole.

The article analyzes the basic provisions of the draft federal law "On science, technology and innovation activities in the Russian Federation" related to research and innovation infrastructure. The author presents a comparative analysis of the draft law and the norms of the current federal legislation and other normative acts regulating research and innovation infrastructure. The main methods of the research are comparative, technical, analytical and descriptive. In comparison with the current laws, the draft law gives a fuller description of the research infrastructure, in particular, the definitions of its main objects and components (research equipment, scientific collection, unique scientific installation, core facility, megascience installation, fund to support science, etc.). However, there is still no systematic approach to the issue: the draft law doesn't contain neither the definitions of the research infrastructure and its structural features, nor the precise formulation of the relationship between research and innovation infrastructure. All these gaps don't allow obtaining a single interpretation of the research infrastructure, and is a significant disadvantage of the bill. In its further development, the author also recommends taking into account the foreign experience, especially in regulating scientific collections. For example, it is necessary to consider enshrining scientific collections as bioresource centers to provide an opportunity for their subsequent integration with international databases. The article considers the novel about the core facility as an independent legal entity. In addition, the need for creation of the Registry of core shared research facilities, which is stated in the bill, is questionable, given that the web-portal "Research infrastructure of the Russian Federation" (http://ckp-rf.ru) has been successfully operating since 2011. The latest contains information not only about the core facilities, but also unique scientific installations, as well as the results of their ...

This article attempts to reveal the contents of a relatively young concept of "scientiic diplomacy", which includes three dimensions (science in diplomacy, diplomacy for science, science for diplomacy), as well as to identify key practices of all three dimensions of science diplomacy. The author identiies key practices that illustrate the three dimensions of science diplomacy: development of recommendations to the international policy objectives (science in diplomacy); simpliication of the process of international scientiic cooperation (diplomacy for science); the use of scientiic alliances in order to improve international relations between countries (science for diplomacy). The author carries out a systematic analysis and gives a generalized description of their efectiveness and eiciency. The article analyzes the experience of the international cooperation of scientists through personal initiative and under the auspices of the National Science Foundation and other associations, such as the AAAS, GIS or LIGO. They have become a platform for studying the practices of the irst and second dimensions of science diplomacy – "science in diplomacy" and "diplomacy for science." Particular attention is paid to the Russell-Einstein Manifesto, which initiated the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Afairs, and, accordingly, the development of such a dimension as a "science for diplomacy". Date of scientists who are in the movement, make a signiicant contribution to the development of international scientiic cooperation and create conditions to improve the political climate. The author proposes as a landmark example of the third dimension of science diplomacy consider the Union of Concerned Scientists – Union of Concerned Scientists, which was founded in 1969 by faculty and students at MIT. Also, special attention is paid to the periodization of the development of science diplomacy, as the author concludes that it was after World War II, when scientists themselves have become actively involved in the resolution of ...

The main provisions of Criminal Law relating to the economic category of 'value' are discussed in the article. Text analysis of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation indicates the need for a uniform understanding of this category, regardless of the criminal law. During the investigation and trial of many types of crimes appraisement is signifcant and needs a deeper comprehension. While appointment, production and evaluation of forensic examinations, the resolution of which raises the question of valuation, inevitable complications arise due to the intricacy of determining the content of the specialized knowledge necessary for their implementation. The main provisions of Criminal Law relating to the economic category of 'value' as well as the interpretations of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation concerning value determination in the Criminal Law are discussed in the article. The inadmissibility of forensic appraisal examinations appointment and conduct is justifed, since the goals and norms of the legislation on appraisal and appraisal activities do not always correspond to the tasks and methods of forensic expert valuation of goods, services, cultural values. The necessity of development of new and improvement of existing forensic expert valuation methods in the framework of such examinations as forensic product examination, forensic economics, construction forensic etc. is presented. ; В статье рассмотрены основные положения уголовного права, касающиеся экономической категории стоимости. Анализ текста Уголовного кодекса Российской Федерации свидетельствует о необходимости единообразного понимания данной категории вне зависимости от уголовно-правовой нормы. Определение стоимости при расследовании и судебном разбирательстве многих видов преступлений имеет важное значение и нуждается в более глубоком ее понимании. При назначении, производстве и оценке судебных экспертиз, на разрешение которых ставится вопрос об определении стоимости, возникают неизбежные трудности, обусловленные сложностью определения содержания специальных знаний, необходимых для проведения исследований. В статье проанализированы основные положения уголовного права, касающиеся экономической категории стоимости, и разъяснения Верховного Суда Российской Федерации по вопросу определения стоимости в уголовном судопроизводстве. Обоснована недопустимость назначения и проведения судебных оценочных экспертиз, так как цели и нормы законодательства об оценке и оценочной деятельности не всегда соответствуют задачам и методикам судебно-экспертного определения стоимости товаров, услуг, культурных ценностей. Показана необходимость создания новых и совершенствования существующих методик судебно-экспертного определения стоимости в рамках таких экспертиз, как судебно-товароведческая, судебно-экономическая, судебная строительно-техническая и др.

The phenomenon of exceptional (to the extent of chaos) conceptual and terminological diversity is currently observed in the research of S&T development and in the practice of public administration of science and technology in the Russian Federation. It has the most strong and negative impact at the federal level as it appears in the strategic planning documents, which sum up and put into action the governmental science and technology policy (in terms of goal setting, forecasting, planning and programming the socio-economic development and national security). The article seeks to comprehend and explain the root cause of this conceptual and terminological diversity, that lie, in the author's opinion, in the excessive decentralization and weak public administration of the S&T development in the country. In the face of new global challenges and threats the leading role of the state in S&T development should be drastically increased. The article outlines juridical principles of the Russian S&T modernization at the current stage of development.

The article is devoted to determining the place of consumer law in the system of Russian law and in the system of Russian legislation. Having formed in Russian civil law initially as a functional institution of civil law protection of consumer rights, it later, together with the norms of branches of public law, forms an intersectoral institute of Russian law, and under the influence of codified civil legislation, especially due to the reform of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, as well as the improvement of legislation on consumer protection and the practice of its application, occupies the place of a functional sub-branch in the structure of modern civil law. For more than thirty years, consumer law has also been formed as a complex branch of legislation, including normative acts containing norms of various branches of Russian law. Consumer law (consumer protection legislation) is characterized by a number of features (it includes numerous regulations of various hierarchical levels and combines legal regulation contained in codified civil legislation and special acts on consumer protection). This, on the one hand, seems to be a very progressive phenomenon, since the civil law regulation of contractual relations with the participation of consumers is elevated to the level of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, and, on the other hand, this is done in part two of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, as well as in certain federal laws, is often inconsistent or insufficiently successful.