Suchergebnisse

Das hier besprochene und bereits 1999 erschienene "Handbuch erziehungswissenschaftliche Biographieforschung" der Herausgeber KRÜGER und MAROTZKI ersetzt den 1995 von ebenjenen veröffentlichten Sammelband "Erziehungswissenschaftliche Biographieforschung" und bietet einen (noch) weitgehend aktuellen Forschungsüberblick über Stand und Perspektiven erziehungswissenschaftlicher Biographieforschung. Zu diesem Zweck werden deren theoretische Grundsatzfragen, einige methodologischen Fragen sowie verschiedene Ansätze im Bereich einer Pädagogik der Lebensalter zusammengetragen und von einem Überblick über den Möglichkeiten und Perspektiven biographischer Forschung in acht verschiedenen erziehungswissenschaftlichen Teildisziplinen ergänzt. – Ich werde einen Überblick über den Inhalt des Buches geben und anschließend einige (nutzerorientierte) Wünsche an einen möglichen Folgeband formulieren: Mehr Leserfreundlichkeit im Service, eine klärende Auseinandersetzung mit der verschwommenen Grenzlinie zwischen erziehungswissenschaftlicher und soziologischer Biographieforschung, und jeweils eigene Kapitel zur Geschichte der Forschungsrichtung und zum Stand der Autobiographieforschung innerhalb erziehungswissenschaftlicher Biographieforschung, sowie ihren (de-) konstruktivistischen Dimensionen und Beiträgen zum Genderdiskurs.

Introduction. Recently, the interest of representatives of the expert and scientific community has been growing in the transformations of one of the most famous practices of rebel activity after the Second World War – the Maoist model of people's war. Its interpretations in the framework of expert support for the foreign policy activities of the USA are prompted with great attention and caution not only to the role of methodological restrictions, disciplinary filters, the intellectual climate and relations with customers of analytic products of this kind. No less important, as this article shows, are the transfers of ideas and practical experience – the usual debate about the export of democratic and socialist models of development during the Cold War often consists of a scientific discussion on the periphery of the question of the importance of exporting the Chinese model of people's war in the history of international relations after 1945. Methods and materials. Interdisciplinarity is the feature of research. The search for the political connotations in the RAND reports wrote during the Cold War and devoted to the experience of counterinsurgency in Manchuria during the 1930s demanded the use of the methods practiced by the historical and political sciences simultaneously. Analysis. Accordingly, particular attention was paid to the peculiarities of expert support for decision-making in the United States at the initial stage of the Cold War in the context of the RAND activities, which in the framework of cooperation with the Ministry of Defense practically monopolized the analytical support of American politics in Vietnam and South-East Asia as a whole in the organization of counterinsurgency in the 1960s. The focus of the research is the study by RAND experts of the historical experience of previous powers on the example of forms and methods of anti-insurgency activities of the leadership of the Manchukuo and Kwantung army in Manchuria which reveals both the phenomenon and the causes of the distortion of historical realities of the Interbellum era during the Cold War. Results. The RAND experts thought that the Chinese case of the Interbellum offered the answers on two major questions of tactics and strategy of counterinsurgency in the "Third world": on the enemy, as well as on the ways and methods to crush him. But methodological self-containment lessened critical value of that memorandum and made it more easer the infiltration of the key ideas about the Chinese model of the people's war widely presented in the government, military and political circles of the USA during the 1960s into the research made by the RAND Corporation experts.

The 1980s were an important decade for educational inquiry. It was the moment of the "linguistic turn," with its emphasis on the role of language as a constructor of reality, a structuring agent for institutions such as schools, and a medium for translating knowledge into elements of power for processes of social regulation. Drawing on the work and insights of educational researcher Thomas S. Popkewitz, this book shows how the linguistic turn provided an alternative to both mainline educational research grounded in the ideals of political liberalism and the effort of neo-Marxists to challenge

The author points out that the structure of language levels system is still a crucial linguistic problem, that research in this field is far from being completed and that there is a need for further improvement of the current models of language levels hierarchy. The author sets out his reflections that sprang up from striving to eliminate some contradictions in the existing models of the language levels system. Applying the method of comparative analysis, elements of the model theory and linguistic systemology, using the Russian language material supplemented by some sporadic examples from other languages, the researcher puts forward a number of amendments to the existing models of the language levels hierarchy – amendments intended for riddance of the above-mentioned contradictions. The author argues in favor of merging the morphological and lexical levels, as well as the level of syntax and that of utterances, and offers insertion of the word combinations level at which language units and speech units co-exist, forming two intersecting sub-levels. The expediency of combining the system of language levels and that of speech levels into a common speech-language space has been proved. Using the empirical material, the author demonstrates the level boundaries blurring and existence of inter-level gaps, which contain hybrid units that have typological features of both the upper level and the lower level. The following conclusion is drawn: the speech-language hierarchy must be schematically presented not so much a column of hard and fast lines as a linguistic continuum with smooth transitions between the levels.

The personality of E. Khara-Davan is a landmark for characterizing the history of the peoples of our country in the first half of the 20th century. He became one of the first Kalmyk students who received higher education at the university of the Russian Empire, and the first doctor among the Kalmyk people. He took part in the events of 1917–1920 in southern Russia, collaborated with the Russian Provisional Government, the Soviet government, and the white movement. In the modern historiography, E. Khara-Davan is quite often called a member of the Eurasian movement, who made a great contribution to the formation of its ideology. However, this view contrasts with the fact that he was not part of any organization of the movement and published only two articles in Eurasian publications. The main topic of his works was the history, current state and future structure of the Kalmyk people. There is no doubt that he was deeply influenced by the ideas of the Eurasians, which is especially evident in the texts on the Mongol Empire history as well as in his main work — the book "Genghis Khan as a commander and his legacy". His assessments of the influence of the Mongols on the development of Russian statehood were of a pronounced "Eurasian" character. However, outside of this discourse, the works of E. Khara-Davan practically did not intersect with Eurasian concepts in any way, and even diverged in characterizing the current state and future structure of the peoples of Russia.

In the given article the problem of formation of ethnic consciousness of the population of one of most poliethnik country regions – the Volga Region is investigated; from the objective scientific point of view; aspects of ethnic identification of six nations of the Volga Region as the component of social identity are considered. The point is to dwell on the undoubt urgency of the given processes influencing the process of democratisation of the Russian society.