Suchergebnisse

Cour Internationale de Justice (CIJ). Discusses the International Court of Justice (ICJ)'s Feb. 28, 1998 ruling for the Libyan request in the 1988 terrorist bombing of a Pan American jet over Lockerbie, Scotland. Summary in English.

The second letter is to King James II concerning the convention of states in Scotland. ; Florida Atlantic University Libraries' Marvin and Sybil Weiner Spirit of America Collection, Pamphlets: Foreign Language B16F23 ; Florida Atlantic Digital Library Collections

Summer- Fallow in 18th-Century Scotland: the Ultimate Phase in the Development of a Technique.
A brief history of the origins of summer-fallow in Europe is followed by the analysis and comparison of terms used in various languages to designate this practice. Excerpts from an article published in the Farmer's Magazine in 1800 illustrate the technical problems posed by the introduction of summer-fallow in Scotland and relate the circumstances and results of one of the first experiences, citing the opinions of contemporary critics. Scottish farming prior to this innovation is described so that the reader can better comprehend the effects of summer-fallow and of wheat cultivation (with which it is associated) on the agricultural system. Although praised by agronomists and advocated by land owners, this practice was not always enthusiastically accepted by farmers, and it had barely reached the height of its development before beginning to disappear, challenged by other techniques associated with other crops. In conclusion, the author offers several examples of the introduction of summer-fallow in other countries (England, Finland, Denmark) and comments on the misunderstandings that hindered its acceptance in France.

Would an independent Scotland, Catalonia or Flanders automatically be part of the European Union? There is no simple solution provided for this eventuality in the 1978 Vienna Convention, nor in prior international conventions, nor though strict application of European law, according to which each state would come under the standard accession procedure, and therefore would be subject to veto by other member states. The singular nature of the European Union and simple common sense call for a solution that is negotiated at every stage. (Politique étrangère (Paris) / SWP)

Since the election in 1997 of the Labour Party under Prime Minister Tony Blair, the reforms introduced in the UK constitute a fundamental rupture in the constitutional history of the country. New territorial government institutions have been created in Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, London, & other English regions. The first part of the article explains the reasons for such an asymmetric devolution of powers. The powers, composition, & functions of the bodies whose powers have been devolved are outlined, & actual & potential difficulties that need to be resolved in order to lessen the shortcomings of the devolution are examined. 5 Tables. E. Sanchez

Judicial Administration in Great Britain.
Judicial organization and administration in Scotland, Northern Ireland and England are separate. They do, however, contain a large number of common elements : mainly the considerable increase in the number of litigations. The solution has been to extend the powers of the lower jurisdictions and to decentralize the activities of the higher jurisdictions : a limit on the verbal nature of debates, preliminary selection procedures to limit the number of appeals, etc. On the other hand, the procedures for recruiting magistrates (from among solicitors and barristers) makes it difficult to increase their numbers.

E.U. Kratz menyampaikan di sini dan memberi penjelasan sebuah surat dari Sultan Johor Abdul Jalil Riayat Syah kepada raja Louis XV. Surat yang ditulis dalam bahasa Melayu itu disimpan dalam Perpustakaan Nasional di Paris bersama dengan terjemahannya secara bebas dalam bahasa Perancis moderen. Sebuah ceritera dari seorang pedagang Scotland Alexander Hamilton dapat menempatkan kembali surat tersebut dalam sejarah : surat tersebut disampaikan pada tahun 1719 oleh Sultan Johor kepada kapten kapal Perancis Villaumont Gardin, di Trengganu •di mana Sultan tersebut mengungsi. Beliau meminta kepada raja Perancis akan senjata dan bahan peledak, akan tetapi rupanya hal tersebut tidak ada kelanjutannya.