Government strategy is to reduce by 40% the number of serious deaths and injuries from road accidents before 2010. Police accident STATS 19 for Scotland show that most deaths and serious road injuries occur in rural areas on B and A class roads which have the highest accident rate / kilometre. Most accidents occur on bends at night and most involve younger male drivers.An SOS omnibus survey was conducted in mid 2007 to ascertain: who drives on rural roads in Scotland, how frequently they drive rural roads; risky behaviour patterns; driving speed; age and gender differences in relation to driving speed. Driver assessment of appropriate speed, based on perceived environmental and road conditions, was also reviewed.Conclusions are presented.
This article looks at recent developments in Scottish mental health and incapacity law. Whilst Scotland clearly leads the way in mental health and social care law reform in the UK, its incapacity legislation is under strain. Scotland is struggling with the implications of HL v UK which, because of problems with the Adults with Incapacity (Scotland) Act 2000, appear even more complex than in England and Wales. Scotland is consulting on new laws to protect vulnerable adults, but lags behind England and Wales in its use of appropriate adults when people with mental disorders are interviewed by the police.
In: O'Hagan , A 2016 , ' Redefining welfare in Scotland - with or without women? ' , Critical Social Policy , vol. 36 , no. 4 , pp. 649-671 . https://doi.org/10.1177/0261018316643794
The combination of the impact of welfare reform by the UK government and the opportunity for change presented by the debate on Scottish independence produced a profusion of alternative proposals for social security from scholars, formal political parties, the Scottish Government, and a range of think tanks and civil society organisations. The extent to which these proposals demonstrated considered gender analysis or specific objectives to address economic and social constraints principally experienced by women and arising from the constraints of gender relations varied considerably. This article considers the extent to which concerns for alternative approaches to social security policy reflect a political commitment to women's economic and social well-being in a future Scotland through an analysis of proposals from key policy documents prior to the referendum and the proposals emerging in the post-referendum period.
1st report presented by His Majesty's command. 2nd-9th reports presented to both houses of Parliament by command of Her Majesty. ; Mode of access: Internet.
In 1987 Neville Crowther (Moray I-louse College) compiled a booklet entitled 'Resources for Teachers of Outdoor Education'. Although much of the information included in a publication of this type has a fairly short life expectancy, this booklet was for several years, a useful reference source for many Outdoor Educators. One of the impediments to revising the book has been the rapid growth in the number and range of organisations, texts and other resources. This has been particularly true of the Environment and Environmental Education. However, in 1994 the Scottish Environmental Education Council produced a 'Guide to Resources for Environmental Education' (soon due for revision) and recently Scottish Natural Heritage have published 'Who's Who in the Environment: Scotland' (1996). Chris Loynes (Adventure Education) first published 'the Outdoor Sourcebook' in 1989. This gives brief details of a wide range of 'outdoor providers' throughout the UK. The production of these greatly simplifies the task of updating the Outdoor Education guide, and has allowed us to develop a number of themes which provide general background and advice. Recent analysis of the needs of teachers by the National Association for Outdoor Education highlights the need to raise awareness that Outdoor Education is worthwhile, as well as to develop the confidence to lead it. The aim of this guide is to support both of these needs. Although this Guide is written with the primary intention of satisfying a need within Scotland, much of the guidance and information will certainly have validity throughout the UK. Despite many changes in the pattern of Outdoor Education provision in Scotland and the UK over recent years the subject area seems quite resilient. Whilst there have been closures of a number of Outdoor Education Centres as a result of the reorganisation of local government there seems to have been an increase in the number of commercial and charitable trust providers. These range from large organisations with a number of employees to individuals who provide specific services. One result of this shift is a reduction in access to established advice structures such as those to be found within a Centre or a Local Education Authority. With so much change, questions such as 'who can I ask T and 'what resources are available ?'are not so easily answered. Recent changes in legislation (eg Activity Centres (Young Person's Safety) Act 1995) and education provision (5 - 14 curriculum etc) also generate new responsibilities and opportunities, as have rapid changes in Information Technology. Recent reports indicate that recreational use of the outdoors in Scotland is a major contributor to the economy. For example Highlands and Islands Enterprise concluded in 1996 that within the HIE area, mountaineering related expenditure alone amounted to almost £149 million. Other reports suggest figures of a similar order for watersports. Tourism is currently the greatest contributor to the Scottish Economy and, according to Scottish Enterprise, activity holidays now represent the fastest growing sector of the Scottish tourist industry. These findings lend support to the notion that there are an increasing number of independent providers who may wish to access the broad range of information provided in this Guide. References: Adventure Education. The Outdoor Source Book, Adventure Education, Penrith. Published annually. Crowther, N. (1987) Resources for Teachers of Outdoor Education. Edinburgh: Moray House College of Education, 46p. Highlands and Islands Enterprise (1996) The Economic Impacts of Hillwalking, Mountaineering and Associated Activities in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland. Inverness: HIE. Loynes, C. (1996) Meeting the Needs of the Teacher. In: Outdoor Education within Schools, NAOE Conference Report. Scottish Environmental Education Council (1994) A Guide to Resources for Environmental Education. Stirling: SEEC. Scottish Natural Heritage (1996) Who's Who in the Environment: Scotland. Perth: SNH Publications.
This report looks at the transport challenges for remote areas in Scotland. It does so by examining innovative policies the government has developed to ensure communities on both the margins of the country and the economy are connected to the rest of the country. It takes a broad view of connectivity, examining the crucial role transport plays in the provision health and education services.
This article attempts to understand the radical reform of Scottish land law in its provision for a general right of public access to private land introduced in 2003 as part of land reform legislation, an important aspect of the initial agenda of the Scottish Parliament revived in 1999. The right is to recreational access for a limited period and the right to cross land. Access can be taken only on foot or by horse or bicycle. As a starting point clarification of the misunderstood pre-reform position is attempted. The essential point is that Scots common law does not give civil damages for a simple act of trespass (as English law does) but only a right to obtain removal of the trespasser. Under the reforms the longstanding Scottish position of landowners allowing walkers access to the hills and mountains becomes a legal right. A critical aspect of the new right is that it is one of responsible access; provided a landowner co-operates with the spirit and system of the Act access can be denied on the basis that it is not being exercised responsibly. But the onus is on the landowner to show that the exercise of the right is not responsible. Although the right applies to all land a general exception protects the privacy of a domestic dwelling. Early case law suggests that the scope of this limit depends upon particular circumstances although reasonable 'garden ground' is likely to be protected. There are various particular limits such as school land. Compliance with the protection of property under the European Convention on Human Rights is discussed. The article emphasises the latitude, open to nations, for limitations to the right of ownership in land in the public interest. The extent of the Scottish access inroad illustrates this. This leads to the conclusion that 'land governance' – the subject of the Potchefstroom Conference at which the paper was initially presented – largely remains a matter for domestic law; the lex situs concept is alive and well.
Following an acrimonious referendum on European Union membership, the UK was plunged into chaos as people attempted to negotiate a deeply divided domestic political landscape. In Scotland, things were further complicated by the independence question and the Scottish National Party's (SNP) call for a second independence referendum. In light of the Brexit result, since 2016 many citizens of Scotland have re-thought their position on independence owing to emergent axiomatic violence located in the UK's split from Europe. This article examines the different temporalities involved with the emergent axiomatic violence of Brexit as experienced in Scotland. For those who once supported the Union, Brexit is understood as a moment of violent and unforeseen rupture, emerging from a one-off event in the present. In contrast, nationalists speak of Brexit as representative of the accretive slow violence brought on through historical imbalances in UK politics; Brexit was to be expected, emerging from long-term processes. For EU migrants, the violence of Brexit is built into their futures, as they contemplate work and family life in a drastically changed socio-political landscape. Although the 'emergent' aspect of the violence inherent in Brexit is dependent on perspective, all agree that the violence is axiomatic, part of everyday life in Brexit Britain. ; Publisher PDF ; Peer reviewed
This article attempts to understand the radical reform of Scottish land law in its provision for a general right of public access to private land introduced in 2003 as part of land reform legislation, an important aspect of the initial agenda of the Scottish Parliament revived in 1999. The right is to recreational access for a limited period and the right to cross land. Access can be taken only on foot or by horse or bicycle. As a starting point clarification of the misunderstood pre-reform position is attempted. The essential point is that Scots common law does not give civil damages for a simple act of trespass (as English law does) but only a right to obtain removal of the trespasser. Under the reforms the longstanding Scottish position of landowners allowing walkers access to the hills and mountains becomes a legal right. A critical aspect of the new right is that it is one of responsible access; provided a landowner co-operates with the spirit and system of the Act access can be denied on the basis that it is not being exercised responsibly. But the onus is on the landowner to show that the exercise of the right is not responsible. Although the right applies to all land a general exception protects the privacy of a domestic dwelling. Early case law suggests that the scope of this limit depends upon particular circumstances although reasonable 'garden ground' is likely to be protected. There are various particular limits such as school land. Compliance with the protection of property under the European Convention on Human Rights is discussed. The article emphasises the latitude, open to nations, for limitations to the right of ownership in land in the public interest. The extent of the Scottish access inroad illustrates this. This leads to the conclusion that 'land governance' – the subject of the Potchefstroom Conference at which the paper was initially presented – largely remains a matter for domestic law; the lex situs concept is alive and well.
By way of introduction, in the build up to the Referendum on Scottish Independence in 2014, I was involved in different bits and pieces of political education work with young people; looking at the issues that were important or personal to them (politics with a small p) and how that connected to governments, policies and decision making (politics with a capital P). For example, a group of young people with specific learning difficulties made connections between issues like bullying, prejudice and discrimination and whether or not there would be greater equality of opportunity if Scotland ruled its own affairs.
A tension between mobility and inclusion can be seen in public sector attempts to respond to the increasingly multilingual nature of the Scottish population. Increased mobility has contributed to greater linguistic diversity, which has led to growing demand for multilingual public services. Legal instruments and education policy in Scotland provide a promising framework in terms of promoting language learning and multilingualism, but implementation is not always successful and responding to linguistic diversity among pupils is beset with challenges. This article will consider some of these challenges, both practical and attitudinal, reflecting on language teaching in Scotland and on issues raised during interviews with officials from the English as an additional language (EAL) services in Edinburgh and Glasgow. Language teaching often does not take into account the linguistic diversity present—despite the opportunity for a more inclusive approach offered by Scottish Government strategy—and this risks reinforcing negative beliefs about significant allochthonous languages in Scotland. In these circumstances, meeting the linguistic needs of increasingly multilingual school populations in an inclusive way is a challenging task.
A tension between mobility and inclusion can be seen in public sector attempts to respond to the increasingly multilingual nature of the Scottish population. Increased mobility has contributed to greater linguistic diversity, which has led to growing demand for multilingual public services. Legal instruments and education policy in Scotland provide a promising framework in terms of promoting language learning and multilingualism, but implementation is not always successful and responding to linguistic diversity among pupils is beset with challenges. This article will consider some of these challenges, both practical and attitudinal, reflecting on language teaching in Scotland and on issues raised during interviews with officials from the English as an additional language (EAL) services in Edinburgh and Glasgow. Language teaching often does not take into account the linguistic diversity present—despite the opportunity for a more inclusive approach offered by Scottish Government strategy—and this risks reinforcing negative beliefs about significant allochthonous languages in Scotland. In these circumstances, meeting the linguistic needs of increasingly multilingual school populations in an inclusive way is a challenging task.
Introduction. The Bribery Act 2010, enacted in the wash-up prior to the dissolution of Parliament, will completely change in the Scots law on bribery. As discussed in The Crime of Bribery in Scotland 2009 SLT 1 by present author a number of criticisms have been directed at the previous law and practice on bribery. These relate to the opacity of the law itself and its apparent conflict with the United Kingdom's international obligations. In regard to the latter, the OECD stated in a report published in October 2008 that it was .disappointed and seriously concerned with the unsatifactory implementation of the Convention [on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions] by the UK. The continued failure of the UK to address deficiencies in its laws on bribery of foreign public officials and on corporate liability for foreign bribery has hindered investigations. Both the objective deficiencies of the law on bribery and its putative non-conformity with international law are addressed by the Act.
