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How can Catherine Pickstock's statement that "Traditional communities governed by liturgical patterns are likely to be the only source of resistance to capitalist and bureaucratic norms today" be interpreted in contemporary South Africa in such a way that justice and recognition are upheld? I propose to answer this question in the following four steps. First, the notion of liturgy with reference to politics will be briefly discussed. Second, modernity as an ongoing liturgical disruption, in general, and more particularly in South Africa will be discussed. Third, South Africa as a country between tradition and modernity will be addressed. In conclusion, some proposals for the facilitation of a liturgical politics in modernity, in general, and in South Africa, in particular, will be made. These proposals will be concerned with a plea for the province, the contemplative church and the contemplative university.

The paper focuses on the Latin American perspective on modernity, especially on the Peruvian sociologist Anibal Quijano's notion of coloniality. Coloniality is explained as a theoret- ical framework for critical reflection of modernity with an emphasis on the forms of knowledge (episteme) and on non-Western, more specifically Latin American historical experiences and perspectives. The aim is to introduce some Latin American efforts to critically understand coloniality as the other face of modernity and to develop a distinctive critique of capitalism, globalisation and Eurocentrism in their historical dynamics, In the first part, the paper briefly introduces Latin America as a geocultural place and a object of social research in a historical perspective. Special attention is paid to the question of racial classification and authenticity. In the second part, the paper focuses on the notion of coloniality as it was conceptualised by A. Quijano and by other Latin American authors. In the third and fourth parts, the paper deals with the problem of coloniality in wider epistemic contexts of modern social sciences and in relation to the notion of alterity and to the question of decolonisation of social scientific thinking. The final discussion addresses some of inspirational and problematic points of this conception such as problems of decolonisation, intellectual dependency and critique, and the problem of conceptualisation of differences in scientific discourses.

Karl Marx's work can be read as a set of complete answers, or as a compelling formulation of timeless problems. Favoring the second interpretation, the following constituent features of modernity are discussed as originally highlighted by Marx: (1) the inherent dynamism of modern society makes expansion & industrialization its main features; (2) modern society is rationalized; (3) modern society is functionalist; (4) science, rather than religion, becomes the basis for the accumulation of knowledge; (5) traditional customs are dismantled & traditional virtues lost while certain values become increasingly universalized; (6) the erosion of the canons of creation & interpretation; & (7) the pluralization of the concepts of "right" & "true." S. Karganovic.

The article contains an analysis of the major lessons of Immanuel Kant's philosophical project of perpetual peace in the context of development of contemporary political systems and international order. The author reviews the history of philosophical and legal accounts of perpetual peace, as well as the political context of Kant's project. The third part of the article offers a detailed analysis of Kant's proposals with regard to the institutional construction of constitutional republics and of a global federation of peoples. The author concludes that from the perspective of the 'second Modernity,' the experience of early Modern philosophers might assist in resuming a more active dialogue between philosophers and political leaders, as well as inviting contemporary philosophers to take a leadership role in the institutional construction of preconditions for civil peace and the prevention of wars in Eastern Europe.

Globalization is used to spatialize modernity in two senses. First, the globalization problematique enunciates that about which the previous temporal notion of modernity was suspiciously silent, that it is spatial, Western, & white. Modernity is not about the spread of ideas, but is fundamentally structural & world systemic. Second, modernity is also spatial in that it happens in cities, especially global cities. Urban & global modernity is that where "all that is solid melts into air." Modernity is no longer in metropolitan but in colonial space, where the solid is melting into air at the greatest speed. The most frantic development of migrant & finance flows takes place in colonial space. The global colonial cities have long ago undergone the sort of class polarization that core global cities have just begun to experience. There is no need for a concept of postmodernity when modernization on a world scale (& global colonial cities) has only been with us in the last quarter century. 47 References. V. Rios

In this article I respond to the important questions raised by Roger Griffin and David D. Roberts by asserting the following points. First, that there is no justification to the position that the historical function of fascism was to establish the political hegemony of finance capital, as Marxist-Leninist scholars have maintained without providing a shred of evidence in support of their position. On the contrary, fascism was an epochal phenomenon which occured on several continents and had features which point to a declaration of war against bourgeois society, its power structures, its values and its way of life. It was a revolt generated by disgust for a world dominated by those whom Hitler called 'the worshippers of Mammon'. Second, that fascism was not at all an alternative modernity, but a violent and radical reaction which rejected all the values and institutions of the modern world, from individual freedom to the rights of man and citizen, from pluralist democracy to secularization. Third, that the history of fascism, like the history of communism, has shown that ideas are no mere fantasmagorical reflexes of the socioeconomic structure, as Marxist sociology claims. This was demonstrated by its political ideology, which was intent on revolutionizing the foundations of society and producing a new man, diametrically opposed to the 'bourgeois'.

In contemporary renderings of modernity, it is patented to the West and assumed to include gender equality; a commitment to gender equality then risks becoming overlaid with hierarchies of country and culture. One way of contesting this, associated with alternative modernities, takes issue with the presumed Western origins of modernity. Another, associated with feminism, subjects the claim the modern societies deliver gender equality to more critical scrutiny. But the first is vulnerable to the charge of describing different routes to the same ideals, and the second to the response that evidence of shortcomings only shows that modernity has not yet fully arrived. The contribution of the West to the birth of modernity is not, in my argument, the important issue. The problem, rather, is the mistaken attribution of a "logic" to modernity, as if it contains nested within it egalitarian principles that will eventually unfold. Something did indeed happen at a particular moment in history that provided new ways of imagining equality, but the conditions of its birth were associated from the start with the spread of colonial despotisms and the naturalisation of both gender and racial difference. There was no logic driving this towards more radical versions. It is in the politics of equality that new social imaginaries are forged, not in the unfolding of an inherently "modern" ideal.

chapter 1 The Sociological Status of Marginality: The Contribution of the Chicago School -- chapter 2 Structural Functionalism and Parsons: The Relevance of Social Order and the Limitation of Marginality -- chapter 3 Merton and Functionalism: The Return to Marginality Studies -- chapter 4 The Contribution of Sociology of the Second Postwar Period to Marginality Studies, with Particular Reference to Latin America -- chapter 5 The Concept of Modernization according to Germani and the Study of Marginality -- chapter 6 Marginality, the Structural Phenomenology of Modernization -- chapter 7 The Paradigm of Marginality: A Descriptive Analysis -- chapter 8 Descriptive Dynamics of the Multidimensional Level of Marginality -- chapter 9 The Paradigm of Marginality: From Analyses of Typologies to the Process of Operationalization -- chapter 10 The Paradigm of Marginality: Explanatory Analysis.

"This book traces the major stages in the evolution of the sociological concept of marginality, highlighting in particular the contribution made by Gino Germani. Its purpose is to analyse, starting with the sociological theory of the early 1960s, the progressive maturation of the scientific status of the concept of marginality, and to test the theoretical premise that gave rise to Germani's theory of marginality. The author begins by examining the contribution of the Chicago School. He explores the complex relationship between the theory of marginality and modernization by analysing North American theses and the criticisms mainly generated in Latin America. The goal is to reconstruct Germani's theoretical model of marginality, addressing its application to contemporary social and economic conditions. Giardiello's analysis is intertwined with two themes that are central to Germani's thought about marginality. The first concerns the origin of the concept of social exclusion within sociological thought. The second shows how marginality is clearly a phenomenology connected to the contradictions of modernity. Germani's paradigm of marginality enables the social scientist to resolve the contradictions between the analytical perspectives that deal with marginality in an objective way and the one that observes it subjectively."--Provided by publisher

Mass Dictatorship and Modernity is the second volume in the 'Mass Dictatorship' series. A transnational, academic research venture, it interrogates mass dictatorship in a broad historical context, focusing on the emergence of modernity through interactions of center and periphery, empire and colony, and democracy and dictatorship on a global scale

Introduction / Susan Larson and Eva Woods -- Visibly modern Madrid : Mesonero, visual culture, and the apparatus of urban reform / Rebecca Haidt -- Foresight, blindness, or illusion? : women and citizenship in the second series of Galdòs's Episodios nacionales / David R. George, Jr -- Horror, spectacle and nation-formation : historical painting in late-nineteenth-century Spain / Jo Labanyi -- Isidora in the museum / Luis Fernández Cifuentes -- Thresholds of visibility at the borders of Madrid : Benjamin, Gòmez de la Serna, Mesonero / Andrew Bush -- Seeing the dead : manual and mechanical specters in modern Spain, 1893-1939 / Brad Epps -- Santiago Rusiñol's Impresiones de arte in the age of tourism : seeing Andalusia after seeing Paris / Elena Cueto Asín -- Landscape in the photography of Spain / Lee Fontanella -- From engraving to photo : cross-cut technologies in the Spanish illustrated press / Lou Charnon-Deutsch -- Spain's imaging and regional dress : from everyday object to museum piece and tourist attraction / Jesusa Vega -- Observing the city, mediating the mountain : Mirador and the International Exposition of Barcelona / Robert A. Davidson -- Joan Mirò, 1929 : high and low culture in Barcelona and Paris / Félix Fanås -- Stages of modernity : the uneasy symbiosis of the género chico and early cinema in Madrid / Susan Larson -- Visualizing the time-space of otherness : digression and distraction in Spanish silent film / Eva M. Woods -- Modern anxiety and documentary cinema in Republican Spain / Eva M. Woods -- The last look from the b

This article aims to explore the relationship between veiled, Islamist, women and modernity in Turkey where the woman question is indeed exemplary of the tension-ridden relations between modernity and Islam. By examining the veiled women's rejection of modernity I argue that it is wrong to read Islamism as an actual questioning of modernity. Traditional Islam is not the key element in understanding the veiled women's identity; rather, at the core of the issue is the reproduction of identity under conditions of modernity. First, I look at the Islamic understanding of women; second, I consider the relation of Kemalism to women, so as to understand oppositions between modernity and Islam on the woman question. Finally, the veiled women's rejection of modernity is analysed by means of taking its self-contradictions into the centre of the argument.

Following the organization, in 2009, of the first conference on The British Empire: Ideology, Perspectives, Perception, the Research Group dedicated to Culture Studies at the University of the Lisbon Centre for English Studies organized, in 2010, a second conference under the general title Empire Building and Modernity. This conference constitutes the second part of a three year project undertaken by the group, which will be followed, in 2011, by a third initiative, called Reviewing Imperial Conflicts. The proceedings of the second conference are now presented in this book. Empire Building and Modernity gives a larger scope to the original project, which was developed more strictly around the British Empire, and provides the opportunity to deal with questions related to the formation of modern European empires, namely the Portuguese Colonial Empire. The different chapters in this book reveal a variety of approaches that are very often at the cutting edge of the methodologies adopted in cultural studies, particularly in the field of post-colonial studies. The building of new perceptions on imperial issues interpreted through literature, the visual arts, history and political science, the role of museums, questions of gender and race and the construction of identity through language constitute the guidelines of the contributions presented in this volume. I hope you will enjoy reading it as much as we enjoyed discussing the issues that contributed to its making. ; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia