Suchergebnisse

The article tries to apply the classical tools of Foreign Policy Analysis to the case of EU external actions. It uses the classification of issue-areas made by Theodore Lowi to study EU foreign policy. In particular the article analyzes three case studies of EU nuclear non-proliferation policy: the decision in July 1994 to back indefinite extension of the Non-Proliferation Treaty; the decision in December 1994 to establish a Community control system on exports of dual-use goods; & the decision in March 1996 to participate in KEDO. Analysis of these case-studies provides the advantage of an issue-area perspective for European foreign policy & illustrates the severe limits of applying a strictly intergovernmental approach to understanding the Common Foreign & Security Policy. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document.

Il presente volume affronta i molteplici aspetti istituzionali e operativi che contraddistinguono la Politica di Sicurezza e Difesa Comune (PSDC) con un linguaggio il più possibile chiaro e accessibile, in modo da restituire al lettore una visione organica e comprensibile di una materia oggettivamente complessa. A questo fine, i Curatori hanno chiamato a contribuire al volume esponenti particolarmente qualificati di diverse Università italiane e alti ufficiali delle Forze armate che hanno operato sul campo e che conoscono direttamente gli aspetti realizzativi delle missioni e delle operazioni militari. L'opera è suddivisa in tre parti. La prima ricostruisce la cornice istituzionale della PSDC, ne presenta le principali componenti materiali e ne indaga i rapporti con altri settori. Nella seconda vengono affrontati gli aspetti giuridici relativi alle missioni e alle operazioni militari dell'Unione europea, anche alla luce della collaborazione con la NATO e le Nazioni Unite. La terza raccoglie approfondimenti e casi-studio relativi di particolare interesse e attualità

A report summarizing debates on proposals for European integration at the European Council of Laeken, on the eve of the introduction of the euro. Among issues discussed are the following: European defense & security policy; adding more countries to the EU; interventions (humanitarian & military) in Afghanistan; position on the war against terrorism; the general economic outlook; the Lisbon strategy; employment; sustainable development & quality of life; research & development; consolidation of the European social model; a common asylum & immigration policy; more efficient control of foreign borders; international cooperation in legal & law enforcement matters; foreign policy statements on the Middle East, the western Balkan nations, Africa, & Russia; & cooperation on development matters. 2 Appendixes. J. Sadler

Discusses the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) of the European Union, designed to maintain peace in Europe, as stated in the 1992 Maastricht Treaty, its intergovernmental and federal features, and relationship to the Western European Union (WEU) and Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). Summary in English. Some focus on the potential CFSP contribution to maintenance of peace worldwide.

Based on the original unpublished documents of the Italian ambassador in Ankara, the article refers to the difficult situation in which Turkey found itself as a consequence of the 1956 Suez Canal crisis. Since its entry into NATO in 1952, the Turkish government had been active in completing the Western defensive system in the Middle East. After the disappointing Middle East Command & the Medo, which had to see Egypt as a main pillar, the US Secretary of State saw in the Northern Tier line as the real base for building the Baghdad Pact. GB, of course, had to be the "glue" of the structure. Pakistan would be a new element; an Arab country; Iraq, was most welcome; & Iran joined too. Turkey tried from the beginning to get Washington into the Pact. It had to measure itself against the irresistible rise of Nasserism & the strong dissuasive action it exerted on Hussein of Jordan & Nuri Said of Iraq. When Nasser's ascendancy gained ground in Lebanon, Jordan, Syria, & Iraq, Turkey tried in vain to connect the Baghdad Pact to NATO; Cairo & Damascus, the two main centers of Arab nationalism, succeeding in isolating Iraq, would strengthen those links with the USSR that would suddenly threaten Turkey both from communism in the North & Arabism from South. The bilateral treaty of 11 March 1959 with Washington, together with strong economic aid, would in the end guarantee Turkey would open its territory to the intermediate range ballistic missile base. Adapted from the source document.