Suchergebnisse

Ukraine's social security system faces significant difficulties. The challenges of the war add to the previously existing economic and demographic problems. The painful issue of ensuring social standards of the population in conditions of shortage of funds brings to the forefront ways to reduce the burden on budgets. In this regard, non-state social security is of great importance. In view of this, it is important to study the international experience of the functioning of non-state social security systems. The purpose of the work was to analyze the effectiveness of the Ukrainian system of non-state social security in comparison with the corresponding systems of other countries and to study international standards. The methodological basis of this research used such methods as: historical, statistical, comparative legal, formal legal and emergency method. In the conclusions of the case, the peculiarities of the non-state pension system of Ukraine are explained and the problems it faces are investigated. Several mechanisms that can lead to an increase of its efficiency and popularity among the population are considered. It was remarked that it is necessary to introduce changes, including through the implementation of international legal documents.

This article investigates how the notion of security is used in Estonia both to legitimise and delegitimise international integration. It outlines the assumptions, claims and modes of analysis that underpin security narratives, specifying what are constructed as threats to Estonia and what are framed as appropriate countermeasures to these threats. The article scrutinises in particular whether this discourse is undergoing a transformation from exclusive confrontational to inclusive cooperative conceptualisations. I argue that a shift has occurred from military definitions of security to those articulated in terms of culture and values, but that this cultural definition works not against but in tandem with the binary oppositions of inside/outside and us/them. The transition has been not from exclusive to inclusive operationalisations of security but from exclusions based on the notion of military threat to those invoking culture and values. This diffuse cultural discourse enables the selective deployment of divergent arguments to different audiences while maintaining the familiar underlying dichotomies.

"Warum brauchen die Internationalen Beziehungen eine Geschlechterperspektive? Was sind die größten Herausforderungen bei der Umsetzung der Resolution 1325 des UN-Sicherheitsrats auf internationaler, europäischer und nationaler Ebene? Warum ist Geschlechtergerechtigkeit als wesentlicher Bestandteil einer nachhaltigen Friedenspolitik bedeutend? Antworten auf diese Fragen wurden bei der Tagung aus wissenschaftlicher und praktischer Perspektive diskutiert. Die Beiträge zur Umsetzung der Resolution 1325 zeigten, dass mit diesem Instrument eine sinnvolle politische Strategie entworfen wurde. Dennoch gibt es viele Mängel bei der Implementierung. Weitere Themen waren völkerrechtliche Fragen, die Einschätzung aus Sicht der Theorien zu Internationalen Beziehungen und das Konzept der Menschlichen Sicherheit." (Autorenreferat)

This article analyzes the problem of energy security as a factor of global sustainable development. The energy sector faces new challenges, as well as expanding opportunities for both developed and developing countries. The global nature of energy security increasingly requires the formation of an international energy strategy that allows us to look into the common energy future, and the further development of a broad dialogue on energy issues between various countries and relevant international organizations. The relevance of this article is of interest to the entire energy community. The problem and the main components of energy security are in the field of view of summits, attract the attention of various international forums, and its solution is interlinked with sustainable development, climate change and the environment.

В данной статье проанализирована проблема энергетической безопасности как фактор устойчивого развития мирового сообщества. Энергетический сектор сталкивается с новыми вызовами, а также с расширяющимися возможностями, открывающимися как перед развитыми, так и развивающимися странами. Глобальный характер энергетической безопасности все больше требует формирования международной энергетической стратегии, позволяющей заглянуть в общее энергетическое будущее, дальнейшего развития широкого диалога по вопросам энергетики между различными странами и соответствующими международными организациями. Актуальность темы статьи представляет интерес для всего энергетического сообщества. Проблема и основные составляющие энергетической безопасности находятся в поле зрения саммитов, привлекают внимание самых разных международных форумов и ее решение взаимосвязано с устойчивым развитием, изменением климата и экологией.