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We examined the impact of emotional leadership on employees' mental health by establishing a cross-level theoretical model to test this relationship as a function of employees' sense of job security, selfdirected learning, and organizational identification. The research sample consisted of 304 employees of 10 high-technology companies in China. Results show that emotional leadership was positively associated with employees' mental health, and that job security mediated this relationship. Organizational identification and selfdirected learning positively moderated the relationship between job security and employees' mental health, resulting in a moderated mediation effect on the model. The conclusions of this study have implications for improving employees' mental health via interactions with emotional leaders.

AbstractWhile ontological security (OS) studies have gone through a recent evolution, shifting toward psychoanalytic and existential accounts of anxiety, this article argues there remains a deficient engagement with the affective environments within which actors operate. Specifically, focusing on shared emotions/affect allows for a thicker account of the mechanisms of OS – including the constitutive forces underpinning society/societal trust, the role/power of signifiers and narratives, and the basis upon which actors promote social change. Accordingly, it suggests Durkheim's social theory, his broader concept of 'religion' as an affective community constituted by faith in a moral order entwined with the sacred, offers a viable pathway to develop these insights and develop a new basis for the mechanisms of OS. The drive for OS thus becomes reconfigured as an effort to act faithfully toward a dynamic moral order, while ontological insecurity emerges from the unbearable lightness of being experienced within moral disorder. Following Durkheim's preliminary argument on nationalism representing the continuation of religion, we can then revise how/why nations are integral to OS and International Relations. Specifically, we can view foreign policy as informed by debates around how to act faithfully toward the moral order – a process interrelated with revitalization and renewal of the sacred.

In the case of the European Union we see an intriguing model of security regulation positioned at the intersection of international and public law. The purpose of this chapter is to map the landscape of security regulation under the Common Foreign and Security Policy and to explore the way in which the competences of the EU and its Member States engage with each other in this policy area, explaining the concept of security within the EU, the way in which legislative competence in this policy area is shared between the EU institutions and the Member States, and the way in which the EU and Member States engage with the rest of the world in this area.

In the case of the European Union we see an intriguing model of security regulation positioned at the intersection of international and public law. The purpose of this chapter is to map the landscape of security regulation under the Common Foreign and Security Policy and to explore the way in which the competences of the EU and its Member States engage with each other in this policy area, explaining the concept of security within the EU, the way in which legislative competence in this policy area is shared between the EU institutions and the Member States, and the way in which the EU and Member States engage with the rest of the world in this area.

This article investigates how a Pakistan–terrorism nexus originated and then became solidified and embedded into Indian security perspectives. From the First Kashmir War in 1947–1948 to the 26 November 2008 Mumbai attacks, it has been the repeated behaviour of Pakistan towards India, and the nature of their major national and sub-national conflicts, which has led to this nexus. Central to its formation has been the repeated military strategy of initial infiltrations by irregular troops followed by the use of conventional troops—an approach employed by Pakistan in 1947, 1965 and 1999. Pakistan's concurrent support of various insurgencies and terrorism against India has compounded this association, and entrenched the contemporary Pakistan–terrorism nexus within India's (foreign and domestic) security perspectives. Given its persistent resonance within both Pakistani strategic behaviour and Indian elite mindsets, the article finds that the Pakistan–terrorism nexus will remain as a durable and critical lynchpin within South Asian security dynamics.

Increasing use of agrochemicals, higher production cost and deterioration of ecosystem health have advocated the need to change the traditional and external input using agriculture towards safe and sustainable organic production. The article reviewed on general overview of organic agriculture in Nepal. The article aims to put light on the current scenario of the dawdling-paced organic agriculture and the options to revive the pesticide dominated conventional agriculture. Promotion of organic agriculture was first appeared as a priority in the10th Five Year Plan of the Government of Nepal. Now it has been embedded in the national agricultural policy. Organic agriculture provides benefits in terms of environmental protection, conservation of nonrenewable resources, improved food quality, improve health status and the reorientation of agriculture towards areas of market demand. Various institutions, individuals and farmers are engaging in organic farming. Nepal is exporting organic products to international markets. The adoption of organic agriculture increases agricultural production and improves soil health and consumer health and seems a better option in countries like ours where fortunately integrated crop-livestock system is still prevalent. It is found to be viable option for better livelihood in the context of Nepal. Because the haphazard pesticide use has marred the conventional agriculture, all these contexts gesture this system to be scrutinize thoroughly and supplanted by organic farming system as a viable option towards food security and agricultural sustainability.

Money laundering or money laundering is a set of operations which transform the illegitimate and illegal property to legitimate and legal property and This phenomenon is one of transnational organized crime that has detrimental effect and impacts on the local and international level in the fields of social, political, economic and security and for this reason, many international conventions including the Vienna and the Palermo Convention have stressed to criminalize and combat it and in domestic law to combat money laundering as a crime have been considered by the law. In Jurisprudence (figh) there are verses, traditions and legal rules, which demonstrate criminalization of this phenomenon; this paper, in detail discussed this Jurisprudence reasons; as well as relationship of money laundering with Khums(one-fifth) of lawful property mixed with forbidden money and conflict of Criminalization of money laundering with some important Islamic legal principles such as The presumption of ownership and Possession of owner to his property have been pointed and investigated. So this study, analyzed the Jurisprudence foundations of the money laundering case and the prohibition of it has been concluded.