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World Affairs Online
Segmented or "Entrenched" Electoral Systems
In: Politicka misao, Band 32, Heft 5, S. 173-186
The author discusses the problem of segmented or "entrenched" electoral systems, which are not widely known or applied in the electoral practice of democratic states. However, in the postcommunist states of Eastern Europe they have come to the forefront. Their main purpose is to combine the principles of the majority & the proportional electoral systems as well as to both highlight the advantages & mitigate the shortcomings of both. The main finding of the study is that there is no universal model of relations between segmented electoral systems & parliamentary party systems. Segmented systems have in some countries produced the effects of the majority system & in others of the proportional systems. Institutional factors causing those differences cannot be positively established. 3 Tables, 19 References. Adapted from the source document.
Everyday life in the segmented city: [Conference 'Everyday life in the segmented city' held in July 2010 in Florence]
In: Research in urban sociology 11
Segmented or "entrenched" electoral systems
In: Politička misao, Band 32, Heft 5, S. 173-186
World Affairs Online
Integrating segmented markets pharmaceuticals after "1992"
In: Kieler Arbeitspapiere 504
Segmented assimilation among Mexicans in the Southwest
In: Peace research abstracts journal, Band 43, Heft 6, S. 397
ISSN: 0031-3599
FEDERALISM AND SEGMENTED COMMUNICATION IN THE USSR
In: Publius: the journal of federalism, Band 15, Heft Y, S. 113-132
ISSN: 0048-5950
FEDERALISM IN SOVIET STATE STRUCTURE, GRANTING NOMINAL EQUALITY IN POLITICAL RIGHTS TO MAJOR NATIONALITY GROUPS RESIDING IN DEFINED ETHNOTERRITORIES, PERSERVES TO SOME EXTENT, THE CULTURAL IDENITY OF COMMUNITIES DEFINED BY COMMON NATIONAL OR RELIGIOUS HERITAGE. CENTRALISM IN PARTY IDEOLOGICAL WORK SEEKS TO INTEGRATE A HETEROGENEOUS POPULATION BY INCULCATING LOYALTY TO A TRANSCENDENT SOVIET IDENTITY AND TO PROVENT MOBILIZATION ALONG NATIONALITY SOCIAL CLEAVAGES. PARTY PERSONNEL POLICY GIVES MOBILITY OPPORTUNITIES TO NATIONAL ELITES WITHIN, BUT RARELY ACROSS, NATIONAL REPUBLICS, WHILE REINFORCING MOSCOW'S DOMINATION OF PARTY AND GOVERNMENT RELATIONS WITH INDIVIDUAL REPUBLICS. ALL PUBLICLY DISSEMINATED INFORMATION IS SUBJECT TO PARTY IDEOLOGICAL CONTROLS, BUT COMMUNICATIONS CHANNELS BASED IN FEDERAL ETHNOTERRITORIES, USING NATIVE-LANGUAGE MEDIA, FOREIGN RADIO BROADCASTS, AND WORD-OF-MOUTH CHANNELS TEND TO STRENGTHEN THE IDENTITY OF NATIONALITY AND RELIGIOUS GROUPS. RELIGIOUS TIES AND CONTACTS WITH MEMBERS OF THE NATIONALITY ABROAD ALSO COUNTERACT IDEOLOGICAL CENTRALIZATION.
Consociational democracy: Political accomodation in segmented societies
In: The Carleton library 79
Federalism and Segmented Communication in the USSR
In: Publius: the journal of federalism, Band 15, Heft 4, S. 113-113
ISSN: 0048-5950
Federalism and segmented communication in the USSR
In: Publius: the journal of federalism, Band 15, S. 113-132
ISSN: 0048-5950
Ways in which federalism and centralism influence the flow of communications, simultaneously facilitating all-union control over ideological life and segregating existing national and religious communities.
Federalism and Segmented Communication in the USSR
In: Publius: the journal of federalism, Band 15, Heft 4, S. 113
ISSN: 0048-5950
Segmented Partisanship in a Southern Political Elite
In: Polity: the journal of the Northeastern Political Science Association, Band 30, Heft 4, S. 627-644
ISSN: 0032-3497
A segmented welfare state: the japanese approach
In: Journal of institutional and theoretical economics, Heft 138, S. 546-564
Die Autorin schildert und erörtert das japanische soziale Sicherungssystem. Dazu wird zunächst die jetzige und künftige (prognostizierte) sozioökonomische Situation dargestellt. Dabei werden die Daten teilweise auch mit denen anderer Industriestaaten verglichen. Anschließend wird die historische Entwicklung der sozialen Sicherungssysteme beschrieben. Die Ausführungen hierzu konzentrieren sich auf die vier größten Systeme zur Vorsorge bei Krankheit, Unfall, Arbeitslosigkeit und zur Alterssicherung. Die Kosten und Leistungen dieser Versicherungssysteme werden in die Darstellung mit einbezogen. Der Vergleich der Leistungen zeigt, daß die japanische Bevölkerung - speziell die Mitarbeiter großer Firmen (Konzerne) - gut gegen die Risiken von Krankheit, Unfällen, Arbeitslosigkeit versichert sind. Für die Altersversorgung gilt diese Aussage jedoch nur eingeschränkt. Großunternehmen und öffentliche Institutionen bieten die höchste materielle Absicherung, sind allerdings aber auch nur den höchstqualifizierten Anwärtern zugänglich. Die Arbeitnehmer kleiner Firmen haben den geringsten Versorgungsstandard. Die Vielfalt von Versorgungssystemen und die Nichtübertragbarkeit von Versorgungsansprüchen bietet eine rational-ökonomische Erklärung für die in Japan geltende Maxime: Ein Lebenlang bei einer Firma. (NG)