Suchergebnisse

One of the specific features of many post-Soviet cities is their multi-ethnic structure, which was strongly influenced by internal migrations within the Soviet Union. Political and economic reforms in the 1990s led to changes in ethnic composition, and the attention given to the processes of ethnic-segregation has started to increase. While most studies focus on capital cities, much less is known about second-tier cities. This article examines the interrelationships between ethnic and social segregation in the metropolitan areas of Lithuania (Vilnius, Kaunas, Klaipėda). The authors use Lithuanian census data from the years 2001 and 2011 to obtain insight into the recent changes in the socio-spatial differentiation of the largest ethnic groups: Lithuanians, Poles, and Russians. The results show a clear relationship between the socio-economic and ethnic status of the residents of metropolitan areas and, therefore, suggest that ethnic segregation is strongly linked to the general processes of social segregation. The findings also show that the higher the proportion of a certain ethnic minority group in an area, the higher the proportion of lower (social) status residents in this group. In addition, in such cases, ethnic minorities often tend to concentrate in particular areas within the cities.

One of the specific features of many post-Soviet cities is their multi-ethnic structure, which was strongly influenced by internal migrations within the Soviet Union. Political and economic reforms in the 1990s led to changes in ethnic composition, and the attention given to the processes of ethnic-segregation has started to increase. While most studies focus on capital cities, much less is known about second-tier cities. This article examines the interrelationships between ethnic and social segregation in the metropolitan areas of Lithuania (Vilnius, Kaunas, Klaipėda). The authors use Lithuanian census data from the years 2001 and 2011 to obtain insight into the recent changes in the socio-spatial differentiation of the largest ethnic groups: Lithuanians, Poles, and Russians. The results show a clear relationship between the socio-economic and ethnic status of the residents of metropolitan areas and, therefore, suggest that ethnic segregation is strongly linked to the general processes of social segregation. The findings also show that the higher the proportion of a certain ethnic minority group in an area, the higher the proportion of lower (social) status residents in this group. In addition, in such cases, ethnic minorities often tend to concentrate in particular areas within the cities.

One of the specific features of many post-Soviet cities is their multi-ethnic structure, which was strongly influenced by internal migrations within the Soviet Union. Political and economic reforms in the 1990s led to changes in ethnic composition, and the attention given to the processes of ethnic-segregation has started to increase. While most studies focus on capital cities, much less is known about second-tier cities. This article examines the interrelationships between ethnic and social segregation in the metropolitan areas of Lithuania (Vilnius, Kaunas, Klaipėda). The authors use Lithuanian census data from the years 2001 and 2011 to obtain insight into the recent changes in the socio-spatial differentiation of the largest ethnic groups: Lithuanians, Poles, and Russians. The results show a clear relationship between the socio-economic and ethnic status of the residents of metropolitan areas and, therefore, suggest that ethnic segregation is strongly linked to the general processes of social segregation. The findings also show that the higher the proportion of a certain ethnic minority group in an area, the higher the proportion of lower (social) status residents in this group. In addition, in such cases, ethnic minorities often tend to concentrate in particular areas within the cities.

One of the specific features of many post-Soviet cities is their multi-ethnic structure, which was strongly influenced by internal migrations within the Soviet Union. Political and economic reforms in the 1990s led to changes in ethnic composition, and the attention given to the processes of ethnic-segregation has started to increase. While most studies focus on capital cities, much less is known about second-tier cities. This article examines the interrelationships between ethnic and social segregation in the metropolitan areas of Lithuania (Vilnius, Kaunas, Klaipėda). The authors use Lithuanian census data from the years 2001 and 2011 to obtain insight into the recent changes in the socio-spatial differentiation of the largest ethnic groups: Lithuanians, Poles, and Russians. The results show a clear relationship between the socio-economic and ethnic status of the residents of metropolitan areas and, therefore, suggest that ethnic segregation is strongly linked to the general processes of social segregation. The findings also show that the higher the proportion of a certain ethnic minority group in an area, the higher the proportion of lower (social) status residents in this group. In addition, in such cases, ethnic minorities often tend to concentrate in particular areas within the cities.

The paper analyses two interrelated fields: residential differentiation in the Vilnius metropolitan area on the basis of socio-economic status and of political alignment. Data from the 2001 and 2011 censuses were used to investigate socio-economic and ethnic segregation and data from the parliamentary elections of 2000 and 2012 were used for the analysis of political alignment. Indices of segregation and isolation were calculated, and the main occupational groups were used as a proxy for socio-economic status. GIS tools were used to visualise existing spatial differences. Though most indices indicated quite low levels of segregation, the situation was changing. The wealthiest and poorest groups tend to live more and more separately. The political preferences of the different social groups differ and differentiation of political field is increasing. The paper reveals socio-political spatial interrelations in the metropolitan area which have a unique ethnic structure. Our findings suggest that socio-economic structure is a major factor determining the degree of differentiation of electoral alignment in the metropolitan area. The different political preferences of the different ethnic groups could be related not simply to ethnicity but rather to socio-economic status.

The paper analyses two interrelated fields: residential differentiation in the Vilnius metropolitan area on the basis of socio-economic status and of political alignment. Data from the 2001 and 2011 censuses were used to investigate socio-economic and ethnic segregation and data from the parliamentary elections of 2000 and 2012 were used for the analysis of political alignment. Indices of segregation and isolation were calculated, and the main occupational groups were used as a proxy for socio-economic status. GIS tools were used to visualise existing spatial differences. Though most indices indicated quite low levels of segregation, the situation was changing. The wealthiest and poorest groups tend to live more and more separately. The political preferences of the different social groups differ and differentiation of political field is increasing. The paper reveals socio-political spatial interrelations in the metropolitan area which have a unique ethnic structure. Our findings suggest that socio-economic structure is a major factor determining the degree of differentiation of electoral alignment in the metropolitan area. The different political preferences of the different ethnic groups could be related not simply to ethnicity but rather to socio-economic status.

The paper analyses two interrelated fields: residential differentiation in the Vilnius metropolitan area on the basis of socio-economic status and of political alignment. Data from the 2001 and 2011 censuses were used to investigate socio-economic and ethnic segregation and data from the parliamentary elections of 2000 and 2012 were used for the analysis of political alignment. Indices of segregation and isolation were calculated, and the main occupational groups were used as a proxy for socio-economic status. GIS tools were used to visualise existing spatial differences. Though most indices indicated quite low levels of segregation, the situation was changing. The wealthiest and poorest groups tend to live more and more separately. The political preferences of the different social groups differ and differentiation of political field is increasing. The paper reveals socio-political spatial interrelations in the metropolitan area which have a unique ethnic structure. Our findings suggest that socio-economic structure is a major factor determining the degree of differentiation of electoral alignment in the metropolitan area. The different political preferences of the different ethnic groups could be related not simply to ethnicity but rather to socio-economic status.

The paper analyses two interrelated fields: residential differentiation in the Vilnius metropolitan area on the basis of socio-economic status and of political alignment. Data from the 2001 and 2011 censuses were used to investigate socio-economic and ethnic segregation and data from the parliamentary elections of 2000 and 2012 were used for the analysis of political alignment. Indices of segregation and isolation were calculated, and the main occupational groups were used as a proxy for socio-economic status. GIS tools were used to visualise existing spatial differences. Though most indices indicated quite low levels of segregation, the situation was changing. The wealthiest and poorest groups tend to live more and more separately. The political preferences of the different social groups differ and differentiation of political field is increasing. The paper reveals socio-political spatial interrelations in the metropolitan area which have a unique ethnic structure. Our findings suggest that socio-economic structure is a major factor determining the degree of differentiation of electoral alignment in the metropolitan area. The different political preferences of the different ethnic groups could be related not simply to ethnicity but rather to socio-economic status.

Emotional attachments are not only an important way of dealing with physical structures that people encounter in their everyday but also an indicator of people's imagination of urban space and meanings that they attach to it. This article focuses on emotions arising from the use of given urban spaces and affective investments that lie in the physical space of three Lithuanian cities, Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. Using the quantitative data (a survey conducted within the research project "Social Exclusion in Lithuanian Cities: Forms of Spatial Segregation and Polarization" (2012), the article analyzes the structures of feeling of power/powerlessness that people attach to different neighborhoods in Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. Examining the geography of emotions that people draw with regard to their neighborhoods, the paper argues that respondents often articulate socio-spatial segregation and spatial inequality in terms of the weighty emotions of passivity, insecurity, mistrust in their abilities to affect local change and local government's decisions. It can be argued that these emotions create social barriers and distances. They prevent the emergence of positive, socially bonding collective practices and provoke some collective urban experience (for instance, feeling unsafe and "disposable") that contribute to socio-spatial segregation of some neighborhoods in the Lithuanian cities, particularly those that are at the lowest end of social hierarchies (working-class and Soviet style neighborhoods). They divide and fragment these neighborhoods and communities instead of bringing them closer together and create the so-called places of marginality marred by the growing urban inequality and social antagonisms.

Emotional attachments are not only an important way of dealing with physical structures that people encounter in their everyday but also an indicator of people's imagination of urban space and meanings that they attach to it. This article focuses on emotions arising from the use of given urban spaces and affective investments that lie in the physical space of three Lithuanian cities, Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. Using the quantitative data (a survey conducted within the research project "Social Exclusion in Lithuanian Cities: Forms of Spatial Segregation and Polarization" (2012), the article analyzes the structures of feeling of power/powerlessness that people attach to different neighborhoods in Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. Examining the geography of emotions that people draw with regard to their neighborhoods, the paper argues that respondents often articulate socio-spatial segregation and spatial inequality in terms of the weighty emotions of passivity, insecurity, mistrust in their abilities to affect local change and local government's decisions. It can be argued that these emotions create social barriers and distances. They prevent the emergence of positive, socially bonding collective practices and provoke some collective urban experience (for instance, feeling unsafe and "disposable") that contribute to socio-spatial segregation of some neighborhoods in the Lithuanian cities, particularly those that are at the lowest end of social hierarchies (working-class and Soviet style neighborhoods). They divide and fragment these neighborhoods and communities instead of bringing them closer together and create the so-called places of marginality marred by the growing urban inequality and social antagonisms.

Emotional attachments are not only an important way of dealing with physical structures that people encounter in their everyday but also an indicator of people's imagination of urban space and meanings that they attach to it. This article focuses on emotions arising from the use of given urban spaces and affective investments that lie in the physical space of three Lithuanian cities, Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. Using the quantitative data (a survey conducted within the research project "Social Exclusion in Lithuanian Cities: Forms of Spatial Segregation and Polarization" (2012), the article analyzes the structures of feeling of power/powerlessness that people attach to different neighborhoods in Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda. Examining the geography of emotions that people draw with regard to their neighborhoods, the paper argues that respondents often articulate socio-spatial segregation and spatial inequality in terms of the weighty emotions of passivity, insecurity, mistrust in their abilities to affect local change and local government's decisions. It can be argued that these emotions create social barriers and distances. They prevent the emergence of positive, socially bonding collective practices and provoke some collective urban experience (for instance, feeling unsafe and "disposable") that contribute to socio-spatial segregation of some neighborhoods in the Lithuanian cities, particularly those that are at the lowest end of social hierarchies (working-class and Soviet style neighborhoods). They divide and fragment these neighborhoods and communities instead of bringing them closer together and create the so-called places of marginality marred by the growing urban inequality and social antagonisms.

Kirijakaitė V. Predominance of Women in Lithuanian Civil Service / Master Thesis of Public Administration. Supervisor Assoc. Dr. V. Smalskys. – Vilnius: Mykolo Romerio University, Faculty of Politics and Management, 2015. – 96 p. The purpose of the thesis is to explore the predominance of women in Lithuanian civil service, identify possible reasons for higher number and lower positions of women, suggest possible options to solve problem identified. The theoretical part of thesis consists of three chapters. The first one contains gender theories which form the basis of the study. The second chapter presents Lithuanian gender dimension - a legal framework, strategic documents. Lithuania's position in Europe is determined based on gender dimension, programs for equal male and female opportunities are analyzed. The third chapter contains a study of the historical context which led to women's roles and images currently found in society. Stereotypes, which determine current women predominance in the civil service is identified. The fourth chapter presents the methodology of the research, results and their interpretation with comparison to other countries'civil services.

Kirijakaitė V. Predominance of Women in Lithuanian Civil Service / Master Thesis of Public Administration. Supervisor Assoc. Dr. V. Smalskys. – Vilnius: Mykolo Romerio University, Faculty of Politics and Management, 2015. – 96 p. The purpose of the thesis is to explore the predominance of women in Lithuanian civil service, identify possible reasons for higher number and lower positions of women, suggest possible options to solve problem identified. The theoretical part of thesis consists of three chapters. The first one contains gender theories which form the basis of the study. The second chapter presents Lithuanian gender dimension - a legal framework, strategic documents. Lithuania's position in Europe is determined based on gender dimension, programs for equal male and female opportunities are analyzed. The third chapter contains a study of the historical context which led to women's roles and images currently found in society. Stereotypes, which determine current women predominance in the civil service is identified. The fourth chapter presents the methodology of the research, results and their interpretation with comparison to other countries'civil services.

The Curonian Spit is an exceptional natural territory and a special geographical space for human habitation. From time immemorial, the inhabitants of this country have faced various challenges: natural, economic, political. In the context of historical periods, the inhabitants of this land had to find solutions to adapt or change the natural environment. The aim of this work is to determine the social and demographic changes of the Curonian Spit population and the structures of economic activities in the context of spatial differentiation and social segregation.

The Curonian Spit is an exceptional natural territory and a special geographical space for human habitation. From time immemorial, the inhabitants of this country have faced various challenges: natural, economic, political. In the context of historical periods, the inhabitants of this land had to find solutions to adapt or change the natural environment. The aim of this work is to determine the social and demographic changes of the Curonian Spit population and the structures of economic activities in the context of spatial differentiation and social segregation.