Suchergebnisse

In August 2009, Caster Semenya won the women's 800 m event at the International Association of Athletics Federations World Championships in Berlin. This victory became a global news story not because Semenya was a newcomer to athletics who had outperformed an established field but because of the fact that before the race she had been asked to undergo tests to determine whether or not she was a woman. This article uses a hermeneutics of suspicion to argue that the controversy surrounding Semenya was based on a set of assumptions that, although incorrect, drew on hegemonic understandings of sex and gender that dominate the discourse of sport, and were adopted by the media without question. As a consequence, Semenya became the victim of what Miranda Fricker has termed epistemic injustice a condition that arises when individuals or experiences are marginalized as a result of the absence of concepts and language that would enable us to articulate reality differently.

eingereicht von Nicola Barisic ; Literaturverzeichnis: Blatt 76-81 ; Judikaturverzeichnis: Blatt 81-82 ; Abstract in deutscher und englischer Sprache ; Paris-Lodron-Universität Salzburg, Diplomarbeit, 2021 ; (VLID)6511804

Die Kategorien »gender«, »race« und »disability« haben im Sport eine besondere Bedeutung. So gibt es vermutlich in keinem anderen Bereich der modernen Gesellschaft eine so selbstverständliche und legitim erscheinende Segregation nach Geschlecht und Behinderung. Eine »color-line« gibt es zwar nicht mehr, aber dennoch gilt die Hautfarbe sowohl im Alltag als auch in der (Sport-)Medizin immer noch als relevant für die sportliche Leistung. Und die ethnisch-nationale Herkunft fungiert nach wie vor als primäres Kriterium der Mannschaftsbildung.Die Beiträge des Bandes unterziehen die drei Kategorien »gender«, »race« und »disability« einer vergleichenden Analyse und decken die Gemeinsamkeiten ihrer Konstitutionslogik im Kontext des Sports auf.

My dissertation examines the various rhetorical techniques used to administrate gender and sex in the context of sport. Since the 1960s, the category of female has been treated as a prize to be won, reserved only for those who passed a variety of tests and who, quite literally, carried cards attesting to the authenticity of their sex. Given these restrictions on the category of the "female athlete," I conclude that women in sport have always been a rhetorical creation. I use the controversy over South African runner Caster Semenya as an entry point to explore these techniques in their various forms from 1966 to the present day. In 2009, Semenya was subjected to a variety of gender tests - from stripping her of her clothes, swabbing her mouth for chromosomal analysis, or extracting blood samples for genetic analysis - each of which had a long history in sport, many of which had been officially banned, but all of which still influenced whether or not she counted as a female. By analyzing the long history of these gender tests and their application to Semenya's body, my dissertation examines some of the most enduring practices of female naturalization in public memory. Caster Semenya's story figures as an important reminder of the political and very material grip that past technologies and policies still hold even after their formal abandonment and the role of rhetoric in the creation of gendered and sexed identities.