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Review of Sen's Inequality Reexamined. Outlines the idea of 'capability', considers the sub theme of the connection between freedom and control, and defends Sen against criticism made by Andre Beteille. The reworking of the idea of 'equality of opportunity' suggests a theme to renew the programmes of the Left.

Comments on Amartya Sen's book, Development as Freedom & argues that Sen challenges the worldview of his critics, including the editors of the Wall Street Journal. Sen argues that economic development should be measured by its ability to increase people's freedom to live in accordance with what they value. Sen expresses his ideas with a clarity & logical elegance, but much of his thought in the book is left unexplored. It is important to reach beyond Sen's writing to prevent market-based power inequalities from undermining development & freedom. Sen's capability approach for development as freedom is valuable, & the theory invites additional work on his efforts to theorize the possibility & necessity of "social choice.". 8 References. L. A. Hoffman

Comments on Amartya Sen's book, Development as Freedom, acknowledging its major importance & pointing out its theoretical & political/policy problems. Sen argues that economic development measures must go beyond utilities & primary goods to measure substantive freedoms, especially the right to live the life one values. Sen's capabilities approach offers a stronger philosophical foundation than Gross National Product, Physical Quality of Life, assessment of Basic Needs, & Quality of Life, since those measures lack either recognition of the conditions of the poor or substantive philosophical justification. His measure, however, emphasizes individualism to the neglect of critical aspects of group well-being & activity, & it avoids issues of political economy that are needed to understand the impact of democracy & modern capitalism. 1 Table, 17 References. L. A. Hoffman

After summarizing the contributions of Nancy Fraser to the theoretical literature on social justice, her criticisms of theories of distributive justice are addressed, focusing on her contention that they (1) deal exclusively with economic inequalities, ignoring issues of the recognition of difference, & (2) cannot adequately subsume problems of recognition. While there is some validity to Fraser's critique, it is suggested that she ignores differences between different theories of distributive justice. Specifically, her critique holds for the theories of Ronald Dworkin (2000 [1981]) & Philippe Van Parijs (1995), but it is not applicable to Amartya Sen's (eg, 1982, 1984) capability approach & is an oversimplified judgment of John Rawls's (1999) theory. The case of gender is used to illustrate differences between these theories. Fraser's "norm of participatory parity" is compared with Sen's capability approach, arguing that both can incorporate concerns about recognition. K. Hyatt Stewart

Sun Yat-sen is known both as a revolutionary and as a planner. The main focus of Sun's proposals for development was the expansion of China's railways, and it is often assumed that his 1921 railway plan has had a significant impact on the contemporary network. The purpose of this contribution is to reassess the significance of Sun Yat-sen's plans for the development of the railway network up to the mid 1980s, and to give some idea of the influence of Sun's writings on the contemporary and future network. (DÜI-Sen)

First, a general qualification rule based on individual preferences is proposed to allow any given coalition to distinguish among its members some individuals who are said to be qualified by it since sensitive in preferences with all individuals of this coalition. A particular qualification rule, the liberal one, is then introduced as a rule conferring the power to qualify or disqualify any individual on the individual himself. Now, since each preference property corresponds to a qualification property, the liberal qualification rule is precisely characterized by individual preferences. Second, a delegator, that is a mapping describing a subset of delegates within the society, is defined to justify the standard notion of decisiveness. The idea of delegation allows us to generalize Arrow-Sen framework. This is done by means of a collective rationality postulate such that a coalition must be competent, ie, includes all delegates, to be decisive. Then, we prove that (1) there exists a delegate who is qualified by any coalition he belongs to, (2) such a delegate is a dictator if the qualification rule is liberal, (3) the qualification rule is liberal if the preferences are selfish. 16 References. Adapted from the source document.

One of the central government services designed to strengthen local authorities and increase their administrative capability which has proved to be highly benefical in the Philippines is the technical assistance to local authorities being provided in terms of action-oriented research evaluation, management consultancy, and personnel development and capability building. (DSE)