Suchergebnisse

The relevance of the study is due to the especially sharp of late issue of the competition in world markets, which requires strengthening of innovation component from the economy of any country, including Ukraine. Ukrainian enterprises with innovation activity are able to maintain high growth rate in the long term. The main component in the effectiveness and efficiency of carrying out innovative processes at an enterprise is its innovation potential, including professional staff that is quite difficult to estimate given the rapid changes of the fulfilled tasks. The purpose of writing this article is the analysis of existing approaches to the evaluation of the innovative potential of enterprises and their improvement taking into account the peculiarities of service enterprises, the formulation of the task of innovation management and the main directions of development of innovation potential of an enterprise. We applied system approach, methods of analysis and synthesis and the method of modeling when carrying out research. The task of innovation management of an enterprise was formulated. A methodological approach to the evaluation of the innovation potential of enterprises in the sphere of services is attached. This approach will allow the heads of the enterprises in the sphere of services to monitor creativity and collective intelligence of the employees, to assess an enterprise on innovation and make timely decisions to eliminate the deficiencies. It was stressed that special measurements, quantitative evaluation of the intellectual, professional, educational, and other qualitative characteristics of the potential of employees is quite a difficult task, to perform which the expert methods are used based on interviews, surveys of executives, business owners and prominent managers. The main directions of stimulating the development of the innovation potential of an enterprise were formulated. A conclusion was made that under current conditions, in the absence of perfect methods of evaluation of innovation potential of the services industry, review and comprehensive application of different methods proposed in economic literature will allow obtaining more reliable information for justified management decision–making regarding the management of the innovation potential of an enterprise, introducing relevant changes into the components of the innovation potential to ensure its adequacy to the set innovation goals and increasing a general level of competitiveness in the given industry and in the global market as a whole. The scientific novelty of the research lies in improving the methodological approach to the evaluation of the innovation potential of an enterprise on the basis of the complex of main indicators specific to services and consideration, during the evaluation of personnel, of the innovation potential of an enterprise. The proposed approach allows analyzing the level of innovation potential of enterprises in the different spheres of activity: production, services, state government, commercial and others, where the innovation potential acts not only as a set of available and adequately allocated resources, but also as approved management decision or immaterial object. Since under modern conditions we tackle dynamic market of goods and services and the businesses need to respond quickly to these variable factors of influence, further studies might be directed to determining the capacity and speed of the enterprises to respond to these changes, in particular the ability of the staff to work efficiently and to realize the innovation potential under these conditions.

The topic of effective dispute resolution has been explored, as various conflicts are an integral part of public life or, as scholars rightly point out, conflicts are inevitable. The approaches used to resolve them are diverse and characterize the evolution of justice – from traditional litigation to modern alternative conciliation procedures and the so-called "conflict management", which helps not only to resolve disputes but also to maintain normal and productive relations between its participants in future. Alternative dispute resolution can be seen as a reaction to the significant increase in the number of appeals to court, the increase in court costs and the increase in court hearings, which inevitably accompany this form of protection of rights during the twentieth century. The first studies ~ 64 ~ ВІСНИК Київського національного університету імені Тараса Шевченка ISSN 1728-3817 of alternative dispute resolution procedures can be found in the 1940s, but the interest of researchers increased significantly in the 1960s and 1970s, which led to the implementation of the concept of out-of-court protection in many countries, but not to dispute resolution. The basic modern approach to dispute resolution is characterized as a constructive dialogue for finding a compromise by any means, based on the vision of conflict as an integral and inevitable phenomenon that accompanies the dynamics of human relations. A change in the perception of the conflict should lead to a change in the established tools for their settlement into a comprehensive system that allows not so much to resolve it as to control, thus endowing it with constructive features that generally contribute to the development of productive relations. Accordingly, referring to our chosen epigraph, the vision of disputes as a basis for battle will grow into an awareness of their usefulness, if they are settled and controlled by experts.

Purpose - to substantiate the influence of the project approach on creating a positive image of the region Findings. The research puts forward a hypothesis about the positive influence of the project approach on the formation of the territory's image. It is proved that the regions where the active implementation of the territory development projects is observed are more attractive both for investors and for tourists. Author offers algorithm for creating the territory image, which includes diagnostic, design, control stages and details in specific actions. The paper also highlights the necessity of using customer-centric technologies on each stage: the project should rely on the expectations of the population, authorities, investors, guests of the region from the opportunities provided by the territory. It also shows how the functions of image management are revealed through the project approach. Practical implications. The results of the study may be interesting in the practice of state management in Ukraine, as there is no region in this country for a comprehensive concept of imagemaking. Originality/Value. For the first time, it proposes to adapt the practice of the project approach in developing the image of the economic regions of Ukraine. Research limitations/Future research. In the future, it is advisable to explore the possibilities of project risk management in creating the image of the region, communicative technologies of interaction of power, business and population to promote the regional brand, to systematize the world experience of regional projects. Paper type - empirical.

The purpose of the article is to study current issues of regulation of family relations under the marriage contract, to define the concept and content of the marriage contract in the light of new trends in notarial and judicial practice of Ukraine. For this research a number of general scientific and specific legal methods have been used, namely analysis of the legal issues, judicial categories, applied comparative-legal, systematic- structural, formal-logical methods and etc.. The author proposes a systematic approach to the study of problems of changing legal regimes of marital property under the marriage contract. It is based on the author's understanding of the concept and the legal nature of "legal property regime" in science of civil and family law of Ukraine, and analysis of the existing judicial practice within mentioned-above sphere. The notion "change the legal regime of marital property" and "change of property types" are not identical in content. The change of the legal regime of the spouses' property does not provide for the transfer of ownership of this property. It is proved that the legal regime of the property of spouses under a marriage contract can be changed only regarding the property, which will be acquired in the future. The effect of legal regime of separate property on the property, which was acquired by spouses in marriage (common property) is in contradiction with part 5, article 93 of the Civil Code of Ukraine. In this case there is actually a transfer of ownership. It is proposed to expand the range of legal relations that can be regulated by a marriage contract, namely: to include not only property but also personal non-property relations of brides and spouses. The author also proposes the definition of marriage contract as a legal instrument between spouses or fiancé and fiancée, which determines their property and personal none-property rights and obligations, in particular, regarding the establishment (change) of legal regime of future property, the regulation of its usage and dispossession, division of revenues and expenses and their property and personal non-property rights as parents in marriage and (or) in case of divorce. Keywords: family law, marriage contract, legal regime of spouses' property, joint common ownership, joint partial ownership, regime of separate property of spouses, regime of common property of spouses.

Informatization of world science predetermined the emergence of new tools for measurement and evaluation of the work of a scientist in quantitative aspect and the creation of scientometric databases, respectively. The existence of different approaches to the assessment of knowledge with the use of the global scientometric databases confirms the relevance of this research. The aim of the research is the systematization of methodological approaches to the assessment of the knowledge accumulated in scientometric databases, and determining prospects for the development of the assessment of knowledge of Ukrainian authors in the world system of scientometric evaluation. We applied general scientific and special research methods: analysis, synthesis, comparative characteristics, theoretical generalization, system approach. In the work a scientometric database is defined as the platform that deposits (accumulates) in electronic format scientific works of scientists of different branches of knowledge and processes lists of cited literature, calculates certain quantitative indicators, based on which it is possible to analyze the influence/credibility of the activity of one or another publication, organization, scientist etc. It is stressed that the main indicator, with the help of which the assessment of knowledge is given, is the knowledge economy index. We carried out a historical review and found that the first and one of the most respected scientometric knowledge databases of the world is Web of Science, part of the platform of the Web of Knowledge. The most widely used quantitative measure that is calculated in this database is the index of efficiency. Another most famous database is Scopus, which Elsevier publishing corporation positions as the largest universal abstract database that allows tracking scientific citation of publications. In accordance with the declared policy of the corporation, this database must become the most complete and exhaustive resource for the search of literature. It was found that the projects concerning the use of the scientometric database Scopus for assessment of the scientific potential of Ukraine in general and individual subjects of scientific activities of the state at the level of the authorities of state governance began to emerge in 2009. It is stressed that only a small proportion of professional publications of Ukraine is integrated into Scopus and the Web of Science, and to analyze objectively the status of science development in the country with their help is impossible. We concluded that despite the inclusion of new publications into these databases, joining them is a complex and lengthy process. Out of several thousand of journals, the Web of Science selects about 10–12, Scopus ~ 50%. The review procedure lasts for almost a year and in case of rejection the renewed request for registration can be submitted only in 2 years. The assumption was adopted about the development of the assessment of knowledge by means of the most famous global scientometric databases in Ukraine: much time is yet to pass until most of the periodicals from the post–Soviet territory will be included into scientific repositories–leaders and a possibility will come to provide objective assessment with their assistance. The scientific novelty of the article is in the systematization of methodological approaches to the analysis and evaluation of knowledge in the world system of scientometric evaluation and in determining the prospects for the development of this sphere in Ukraine. The practical significance of the obtained results is the use by domestic scientists of the materials of the paper to determine scientometric databases and indexes that are the most appropriate for submitting publications and collaboration with the leading periodicals of the world by the fields of knowledge. At present, in the world practice they use 4 indexes of scientific citation as the main tool for the quantitative measurement of the efficiency of the work of a scientist. The use of such indexes is the prospect of further research in the development of the knowledge economy.

The article reveals the phenomenon of the phenomenon of mobbing as a kind of psychological violence in the group and personality relationships. Theoretical approaches to defining the phenomenon of mobbing and its forms. The main characteristics of mobbing were identified: negative actions by one or more persons towards the victim; systematic behavior in such behavior; a significant difference in the ratio of forces. It has been found that these actions can take many forms, but some guidelines remain. It has been found that harassers (harassers) use the following physical effects: punches, pushes, beats, captures and other types of physical coercion. In this form of violence, there are clear gender differences. Yes, boys are more likely than girls to use means of physical influence. Most often, both boys and girls use verbal influence. The article analyzes the international and domestic experience, as well as the known specific situations, which showed that the problem of mobbing is extremely difficult to overcome, as it gets public only in extreme manifestations, and in other cases is sufficiently hidden, such that is generally not made outside of a social group or collective. This is due to the stereotypical social attitudes about the unwillingness to disclose inside information and to accuse the victim of ill-treatment. Theoretical analysis has shown that the limit of manifestation of aggression of a collective to one of the students is depriving oneself of dignity, mental and physical health, creating negative moments with threat to the life of an individual, since life, health and right to honor are the highest values that are officially protected by the Constitution of Ukraine, the Declaration on the Rights of the Child, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, various laws and codes. It was found that the relevant areas of research for the problem of mobbing are the prevention of its manifestation in different types of groups (labor, child, student, etc.), the search for effective forms of work with victims of harassment, subjects of mobbing, and the formation of a tolerant corporate culture.

The issue of safety culture is one of the most important in a modern medical facility because any problems during the provision of services may lead to irreversible consequences. Not only the patient may suffer, but the doctor who assisted. Unfortunately, very little attention to this issue is paid in Ukraine. Based on this, we can say that the topic is relevant and requires studying. The purpose of writing this article is the analysis of the ways of forming professional safety culture in clinical medicine. The methods by which we carried out scientific research are observation, analysis, evaluation, comparison, generalization. The work examined interpretation of the term "safety culture", types of innovation in which it belongs and the main methods of its creation in the medical field. Safety culture in the medical field involves the right of all health care workers to use measures to prevent actions that can harm a patient or a colleague. Different approaches were considered in the interpretation of the term "safety culture" and we proposed our own: safety culture is a system of values, objectives, knowledge and skills, rules and procedures, convictions shared by representatives of a certain medical profession and supported by patients, creating a favourable working climate, atmosphere of trust and becoming an efficient tool for achieving the goals of the organization. The main components of the safety culture were defined: responsibilities of managers, communication, performance, resources of safety, trust, the degree of job satisfaction, etc. Based on several studies, it was found that no country has a perfect medical system. Every system should be improved. We proposed measures to fix the situation with the safety culture in health care facilities. The correct management of safety can eliminate or fix many medical errors. That is why the need for a clear program of implementation, execution and control of SC in the medical establishment is necessary. Scientific novelty of this work lies in the interpretation of the term "safety culture" at medical institutions and in determining major steps towards its creation. Practical value of the work is the opportunity to implement these steps in medical institutions for improvement of the safety culture and, therefore, to reduce the risk of bad accidents during treatment. Further research can address safety culture management in medical institutions on the examples from the experience of countries with effective systems of health care.

The article refutes traditional ideas regarding the existence of the unified and inherent in each specific branch of law method of legal regulation. The following aspects are substantiated: (1) erroneous conclusion that the method of legal regulation is one of the obligatory criteria for distinguishing legal norms in the field of law; (2) that the existing definitions of the concept and content of these methods are controversial; (3) the need to clarify and the issue in question itself, namely whether it is about methods of legal regulation or methods of law, the identification of which is erroneous; (4) incompleteness of the proposed features and systems of these methods; (5) unjustified underestimation in the formation of the doctrine of methods of legal regulation of their conditionality not only by the subject, but also by the purpose and objectives of each of its types, and by what means each of them can be solved. The article proves the following: (1) since the law in the objective sense performs the function of the method, in the theory and practice of legal relations it would be more appropriate to use the concept of not "method of law", but "method of legal regulation"; (2) in the structure of any method, it is necessary to distinguish its content, which is a system of relevant requirements, rules, guidelines, recommendations, etc., and its form, which is the appropriate method of its application; (3) each type of legal regulation provides for the need to solve a huge number of tasks, and therefore uses a huge number of appropriate tools, which include its methods, each of which is marked by its own content and form, its inherent features and has its own structure, which facilitates the choice for its use of the appropriate course of action; (4) components of the system of methods of legal regulation are common law, branch, methods of separate legal institutes and methods of solving separate (atypical) tasks, which determines the relevance of their classification; and (5) methods of legal regulation can be properly characterized only in a system of comprehensive consideration of the following issues: (a) the concept, purpose and objectives of legal regulation; (b) its object and subject; (c) means of legal regulation and what tasks they aim to solve; (d) ways and features of the procedure for their application, fixation and procedural forms of use of obtaining results with their help; (d) subjects authorized to use them; and (e) ways of legal support for the proper use of appropriate means and results obtained with their help. Keywords: legal regulation, branches of law, subject, methods, means, content, form, system, methodology.

The article analyzes the basic theory of subjective well-being. It is indicated that the desire for well-being is one of the main driving forces of human society, its subjective feeling is an important condition for a full-fledged life of a person, therefore, attention is drawn to the need for psychological research related to the analysis of methodological and systemic approaches aimed at studying subjective well-being. The main differences between the theories, as well as the relationship between the concepts of "well-being", "subjective well-being" and "psychological well-being" are shown, a theoretical analysis of existing modern approaches to the problem of studying subjective well-being and its components is carried out. Subjective well- being is considered as an integral psychological formation, including the assessment and attitude of a person to his life and himself.

The main approaches to elucidating the components of subjective well-being are characterized – hedonistic and eudemonistic. Based on the analysis of modern and research, a study of its sources and determinants is carried out, the component composition, terminology base is clarified, the influence of various factors, such as: social relations, genetic predisposition, material well-being, joy of needs, existence of goals and meaning of life, physical activity are investigated , individual characteristics, accepting oneself as a person, etc. Through a synthesis of various approaches to understanding subjective well-being, several key statements have been identified in the framework of the study: the positivity of measuring well-being as the presence of positive intensity indicators and experiences of different intensities; global dimension – the interconnection of all aspects of human life (social, biological, psychological, physical) time lag, dynamism; subjectivity as the dependence of the experience of well-being on assessment, attitude and personal experience. Attention is drawn to the fact that the term "subjective well-being" is interdisciplinary and has its meaning in psychology, sociology, economics and the political sciences. The prospect of further research is seen in continuing to study the structural features of models and components of well-being.

The article describes a methodical approach to assessing the efficiency of labor market regulation in Ukraine, the essence of which is the possibility of conducting a partial and integrated assessment, based on the generally accepted cost / income ratio. Differentiated assessment of regulatory effectiveness also provides for different levels of coverage for regulatory entities. One of the important institutional units for labor market regulation is the State Employment Service. The article presents an example of calculating the efficiency of labor market regulation based on a partial subjective evaluation of the State Employment Service. Five key objectives of labor market regulation have been identified, which are one of the stages of evaluation: 1) improving demographics, gender and youth support; 2) structural restructuring of the economy, diversification of employment and reduction of unemployment; 3) reducing the level of shadow employment; 4) payment of social guarantees; 5) regulation of labor relations. The presented methodological approach involves the implementation of 6 stages, in particular the definition of: 1) the goals of labor market regulation; 2) a comparative period to evaluate the effectiveness of regulation; 3) the coverage area of the subjects of regulation; 4) the size of the expenditures for the subjects of regulation; 5) the criterion indicator of assessment, for example - increase in the number of employees, decrease in the number of unemployed, increase in labor productivity, increase in the level of production of gross production, etc.; 6) comparison of revenue and cost parts in the process of evaluating regulatory effectiveness.

In the article are represented results of empirical research of anxiety features and life goals of personality in professional development crisis. Our sample included 80 persons in the age 17-35 years. It was divided on two groups: first group consisted of 34 people, students of 1-3 courses, the second group consisted of 46 people that were changing their profession and are actually practicing new trade. We used anxiety test of Spilberger-Hanin to explore level of individual and situational anxiety. In addition, we used "Life goals of personality" method that was developed by laboratory of social psychology ISPP NASU led by T. M. Tytarenko. With the help of this method, we explored characteristics of life goals of our sample. It was found that there is a significant difference by Rs criterion on the level p ≤ 0,05 between two groups on a scale "Operational characteristics of life goals". Among working people prevail doubts that they can cope with difficulties, thoughts that success is just an accident, orientation on "need", but not "want". In students group we can see lack of stability and flexibility in solving life tasks. There is straight correlation between motivational directions level and individual anxiety level on the group of working people (p < 0,01). It means growing of inside tension in the presence of motivational directions number increasing. We can assume that motivational direction is some sort of coping-strategy that is using by anxious individuals to put their lives in order. In that way they try to create "image of desired life", that combines expectations, demands and intentions, determining choice of life-realization strategy. In both groups was identified inverse correlation between attitude to the future and individual anxiety (P < 0,01). Operational characteristics of life goals inversely proportional to anxiety level in both groups. That means, that recognition of self-meaning in life-realization, orientation on own plans and needs and ability to take responsibility are low anxiety level related factors. This results gives us an opportunity to say that higher identity, own life goals realization, sense of resilience, life integrity, using of flexibility and activity strategies helps to cope with anxiety during professional crisis.

Today, in many countries around the world, the role of religion in the public sphere is strengthening. This causes the methodological problems of the theory of secularization, which claimed the gradual and irreversible decline of religion. At the same time, the processes of religious revival in societies that have undergone secularization do not lead to the restoration of religion in the forms that preceded it. To denote this state of society, which occurs after secularization, Jürgen Habermas proposed to use the term "post-secular". A number of both foreign and domestic scientists became interested in this issue. But the purposeful study of postsecularity is still in its infancy and is mostly descriptive. In the scientific works devoted to its research, insufficient attention is focused on specific characteristics of postsecular societies. Therefore, there is a need to generalize these characteristics in order to better understand post-secular society. To achieve this goal, the article analyzes some conceptual approaches to the study of postsecularity. These approaches argue that the "return" of religion does not preclude the preservation of a powerful (or even dominant) secularization cluster in society. Post-secularization is a move forward and the creation of a new system characterized by religious freedom, pluralism, competition between different denominations, rather than a return to the traditions of the pre-modern era. In a post-secular society, as the authors of the works analyzed in the article prove, religion has all the opportunities from secular power for its development. At the same time, there is a reduction in the role of religious institutions and the individualization of religious practices, ie the "privatization" of religion, which is an element of secularization. But this "privatization" is significantly different from secularization, because it is not due to coercion, but to pluralism of choice. According to many researchers, a post-secular situation is possible under the condition of ideological pluralism and parity between religious and non-religious people, when each party has the opportunity to propagate its opinion, but does not impose it, when there is no place for privileged and discriminated, but awareness of mutual coexistence. That is, post-secularity is possible only in democratic and legal societies. The post-secular situation is also characterized by religious competition, intensification of missionary work, manifestations of fundamentalism, globalization of religious piety, transformation of religion into a commodity and the emergence (mostly in the West) of the phenomenon used to refer to the term "spirituality". The situation of post-secularism is a situation of uncertainty, when it is not known how the processes of interaction between the secular and the religious will take place in the future, and it is impossible to make any predictions about how stable this situation is. As the analysis carried out in the article shows, the post-secular approach has not become a full-fledged theory, but is perceived mostly as a program of what should be paid attention to, as a certain correction and continuation of the secularization approach. But with its help, scientists are trying to describe religious processes in modern societies.

Purpose - to develop the methodological provisions of the functional-parametric approach to diagnostics for operating the development through the centers of responsibility of an innovation-oriented industrial enterprise in the process of functioning. Design / Method / Approach. The functional-parametric approach, methods of systematization, concretization, abstract-logical, causality and causal-consequence. are used in the research. The monographs and scientific publications, Internet resources are the information basis of the research. Findings. The author substantiate the expediency of functional-parametric approach application to diagnostics for operating the development of innovation-oriented enterprise. The interpretation of concepts of operating the development and development mode are proposed. The structure of the tasks and consequences of operating the development by the functional centers of responsibility are formed. There are proposed the methodological provisions of the functional-parametric approach to diagnostics for operating the development in the process of functioning of the innovation-oriented enterprise through the centers of responsibility, which are based on the application of indicators of the implementation level of economic functions and obtaining economic returns on the dynamics of the results of the enterprise functioning, anticipate a functional dependence between the diagnosed parameters and include the diagnostic procedures complex. Theoretical implications. The interpretation of the concepts of research is revealed, the methodological provisions of the diagnostics in the operation of the development in the process of functioning of the innovation-oriented enterprise are proposed. Practical implications. The practical result of the application of proposed approach is combination of managerial and economic diagnostics, which allows operating the development of the enterprise through the centers of responsibility Originality / Value. The originality of the research is to develop and substantiate the methodological provisions of the functional-parametric approach to diagnostics for operating the development through the centers of responsibility (provision, reproduction, expansive and innovative reproduction), corresponding to the functioning of the innovation-oriented enterprise in the development mode. Future research. The direction for further research is the formation of the mechanism of operating the development of innovation-oriented enterprises in the functioning process. Paper type: сonceptual.