Suchergebnisse

The Sociological Data Archive (SDA) was founded in 1998, & it is the only institution that systematically provides access to data files from quantitative sociological surveys. The main access to the data library is provided on the Internet. The SDA also pays great attention to promoting secondary analysis & the employment of existing data sources & cooperates in organizing large research projects, especially the Czech participation in the ISSP. The SDA is a member of the CESSDA (Council of European Social Science Data Archives). This also means that the Archive can mediate access to materials stored in other social science data archives in Europe. The full inclusion of the SDA's services into an international network is connected to the adoption of international standards (DDI, XML technology), which is planned for the future. In recent years two qualitative data archives have also been established, the Czech Archive of Qualitative Data & Documents & the Digital Archive of Soft Data MEDARD. The Czech Statistical Office provides data services in the field of official statistics.

Gestió del coneixement; Biblioteques virtuals; Biblioteques de ciències de la salut; Cooperació bibliotecària ; Gestión del conocimiento; Bibliotecas virtuales; Bibliotecas de ciencias de la salud; Cooperación bibliotecaria ; Knowledge Management; Digital Libraries; Health libraries; Library cooperation ; La Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Salud de Cataluña (BCS) se creó en el 2014, dentro de la estructura del Departamento de Salud de la Generalitat de Catalunya, con el objetivo de desarrollar un sistema homogéneo de acceso a la información bibliográfica y de provisión de servicios bibliográficos para los profesionales del sector público de salud catalán. En este contexto, el objetivo de este estudio es describir la evolución del BCS hasta su transformación en una herramienta de apoyo para la gestión y la localización del conocimiento científico a través del uso inteligente e intensivo de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), promoviendo el cambio organizativo y la mejora en la prestación de servicios bibliotecarios. Para el desarrollo de la Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Salud de Cataluña (BCS) se definió un Plan Estratégico a medio plazo (4-5 años). Este Plan Estratégico se articuló en torno a tres pilares: promover la creación de una biblioteca transversal que integre los recursos y servicios bibliográficos, crear una plataforma digital diseñada para dar acceso ininterrumpido a los recursos y servicios, y construir una red de bibliotecas que garantice la provisión de servicios de forma coordinada. Se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: • Creación de la Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Salud de Catalunya (BCS) dentro del Departamento de Salud de la Generalitat de Catalunya. • Definición de la cartera de servicios de la BCS. • Identificación de los recursos bibliográficos. • Identificación y desarrollo de un modelo TIC y creación de la Biblioteca Virtual del Sistema Sanitario Público de Catalunya. • Definición del modelo económico y de financiación. • Creación de un Plan Estratégico de la red de bibliotecas e incorporación gradual de las entidades del sector mayoritario de salud. La creación de la Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Salud de Catalunya (BCS) surge como un proyecto nuevo y transformador que ha promovido un cambio de hábitos de acceso a la información y la adaptación a un nuevo entorno digital. Estos cambios han facilitado la introducción de una visión de biblioteca integral que promueva el trabajo cooperativo, la optimización los recursos y servicios bibliográficos existentes dentro del sistema público de salud catalán, y el acceso homogéneo, equitativo y transversal a la información científica de calidad para los profesionales de la salud mediante el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). ; The Health Sciences Library of Catalonia (BCS) was created in 2014 within the structure of the Ministry of Health of the Regional Government of Catalonia, with the aim of establishing a homogeneous system of access to bibliographic information and provision of bibliographical services for the public health sector under the Min istry of Health. In this context, the aim of this study is to describe the evolution of the BCS until its transformation into a support tool for the management and localization of scientific knowledge through intelligent and intensive use of information and communication technologies (ICT), promoting organizational change and improvement in library service delivery. The BCS made a Strategic Plan to implement a system of integrated management of health resources and scientific services for the public health sector of Catalonia. This Strategic Plan hinged around three pillars: a cross-cutting library, integrating health sciences resources and services, a digital platform designed for end users giving uninterrupted access to resources and services, and a library network ensuring the provision of services in a consistent and coordinated way. The results obtained were the following: • Creation of the Health Sciences Library of Catalonia (BCS) within the Ministry of Health of the Regional Government of Catalonia as a cross-cutting body. • Definition of the services portfolio of the BCS. • Identification of bibliographic resources. • Identification and development of an ICT model and creation of the Virtual Library. • Definition of the economic and funding model. • Creation of Strategic Plan for the libraries network. • Staged incorporation of public health sector bodies. The creation of the Health Sciences Library of Catalonia (BCS) emerges as a new and transformative project that has promoted a change of habits and adaptation into a new digital environment. This change has facilitated the introduction of comprehensive library vision to promote the cooperative working and optimize existing bibliographic resources and services within the Catalan public health system, enabling homogeneous and cross-cutting access to quality scientific information for health professionals through the use of information and communication technologies (ICT).

This article summarizes the basic theoretical approaches to the study of intelligence & intelligence control in the new Central European democracies. The existing theories are applied to the case of intelligence transformation in the Czech Republic. The Czech intelligence came through a reform similar to that of the intelligence services in neighboring countries, but with some significant exceptions. The Czech Republic's intelligence community consists of three organizations: the Security Information Service, the Office for Foreign Relations & Information, & the Military intelligence (Military intelligence has two relatively independent parts: Military Defense Intelligence & Military Intelligence Service). Only the Security Information Service & the Military Defense Intelligence are under the control of special parliamentary bodies, though at present there are two suggestions about a legislative reform. The article summarizes both of these suggestions, makes critical notes, & presents the author's own suggestion on how to improve democratic control of the Czech intelligence services. References. Adapted from the source document.

This paper deals with the topic of measurement of education services. The main part of output of education services is considered to be non-market in the Czech Republic and it is estimated a sum of related costs. Deflation has been traditionally done using input method i.e. recalculation of each component separately. The main drawback of this method is an assumption of direct correlation between changes in inputs and changes in output. Productivity can not be estimated therefore output methods based on direct volume measurement are now preferred for individual services. Methodology of direct volume measurement of education services has been developed in the paper. This approach is based on number of students in detailed breakdown weighted by costs in order to include changes in the structure of fields of study. Estimates are available since 2004 as data sources are available. Besides estimates of development of non-market output development of all education services is estimated. Adapted from the source document.

The article focuses on new possible approaches of total factor productivity measurement. The standard computation takes into account the number of hours worked as the labour input and net or gross fixed capital stock as the capital input. This article improves the computation by using labour services as the labour input (it is necessary to take into account the skills and efforts of the workers) and capital services as the capital input. Substitution of capital stocks by capital services means that only flow indicators are used for TFP measurement. This issue became more popular in recent time in line with the revision of the manual for national accounts -- SNA2008. This paper concentrates on the development of the Czech economy between the years 2002 and 2008. Adapted from the source document.

The paper explains the theory of bureaucracy developed by William A. Niskanen. While sociologist Max Weber's analysis treats bureaucrats as "eunuchs" or automatic machines responsible for public well-being, Niskanen tries to apply standard neoclassical economic models to explain the behavior of bureaucracy as a whole. With this background, he concludes that the bureaucracy will concentrate on bargaining processes with the sponsor & not on improving the quality of its services to the public. This is a simple explanation of why the bureaucratic organization provides systematically worse products & services to its customers than does the standard private firm operating on the market. 19 References. Adapted from the source document.

Energy efficiency improvements have become a major hope for decoupling the energy demand from economic growth and for achieving environmental goals. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of policies based on promoting energy efficiency may be undermined by behavioral responses. A more efficiently produced energy service becomes cheaper and economic theory then suggests that consumers should demand more of it, which will cause a loss of the potential technological saving. The phenomenon is called the rebound effect and it has become a focus of energy economists since early 80s. However, even today there is no clear consensus on its importance. Quantification of the rebound effect is mainly hampered by poor data availability and the comparison of results is not straightforward due to methodological differences. Our study concentrates right on the economic theory of the demand for energy services, definitions and their applicability to empirical estimation. It summarizes the state of knowledge and elaborates on plausible models for empirical quantification of the rebound effect which should bear consistent results. Adapted from the source document.

The transformation of the German armed forces is one of the topics of the current security policy of Germany. The position of the German anned forces has deteriorated in recent years when compared to the situation that existed several decades ago. This fact is reflected in such things as the growth of difficulties with recruitment, increase in the number of young people preferring civilian service to military service accompanied by the growth of the positive evaluation of civilian service, and in particular in dwindling financial resources of Bundeswehr. Despite these tendencies, Bundeswehr is not as yet perceived by German society as an institution a priory incompatible with democracy. The analysis of the reform of German armedforces shows that that the changes in this institution are taking place against the background of trends generating the "revolution in military affairs", even though, naturally, within the boundaries given by the Bundeswehr's limited access to the resources of German society. The German armed forces of the future should be more mobile, with improved capability for strategic lift and strategic reconnaissance, more flexible organizational structure and command, better signals and communication equipment, aha better equipment for automated command. The improvements of the German armedforces are aimed at areas that can help them to increase their effectiveness in missions taking place outside of the territory of Germany, while the capabilities that were in the focus in the past, i.e. the high intensity warfare capability in the battlefield of Central Europe, are currently being scaled down. The only specificity of the reform of the German armed forces in comparison with the reforms taking place in other European countries is the continuation of universal conscription, probably due to the belief of German political -- and partly also military -- elites that universal conscription has democratizing effects. Adapted from the source document.

Foreword by the Editors -- General Introduction -- 1. Status of Religious Communities -- 2. Relations between the State and Islam -- 3. State Support for Islamic Religious Communities -- 4. The Islamic Community of the Czech Republic -- 5. Muslims and the Law on Issues of Social Integration -- 6. Mosques and Prayer Houses -- 7. Burial and Cemeteries -- 8. Education and Schools -- 9. Further and Higher (Tertiary) Education -- 10. Islamic Chaplaincy in Public Institutions -- 11. Employment and Social Law -- 12. Islamic Slaughter and Food Regulation -- 13. Islamic Goods and Services -- 14. Islamic Dress -- 15. Criminal Law -- 16. Family Law -- Bibliography -- Index.

The Czech Language Instit provides consulting services, viz, questions about current usage, to a wide audience, from curious laypeople to scholars, in an institutional (ie, academic) setting. The institute, represented by the Prague Linguistic Council of the Czech Academy of Sciences' Instit for the Czech Language, is accessible by phone, mail, & drop-in appointment to any interested speaker of Czech needing information on pronunciation, orthography, semantics, etymology, usage, et al. A staff of linguists is on hand to answer all relevant questions. The requests received & characteristics of those who have contacted the institute are described.

Using the case of the Lebanese movement Hezbollah, the article deals with the phenomenon of the governance of non-state armed groups in failing states and the conditions for its emergence. It argues that one of the key requirements for the emergence and long-term preservation of a non-state armed group's authority is its fulfillment of functions usually associated with the state (such as the provision of security, public goods and services and the legitimation of its authority) that the failing state is not able to provide. The study specifically shows how Hezbollah is able to substitute for or complement the Lebanese state in each of its functions and consecutively use the wide network of its governance institutions for strengthening its political authority. As a result of Hezbollah's practices and strategies of governance, the forms of political control of the territory are being gradually changed and hybridized. Adapted from the source document.

The article focuses on the institutional reforms of the European Union's foreign policy from the perspective of input and output legitimacy. It aims at two objectives: to analyse the potential contribution of the establishment of the European External Action Service headed by the Union's High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy for the legitimacy of the EU's international activity, and to tentatively evaluate to what extent the potential is being fulfilled in practice. It concludes that the new institutions have the potential to raise the output legitimacy of the EU, but only if the member states are considered constitutive actors of the EU and if the institutions manage to keep a high level of input legitimacy. Nevertheless, it is too soon to decide whether this will be possible in practice. Adapted from the source document.

This article centres around the Czechoslovakian perception of holiday travel to
Yugoslavia in the 1920s with particular attention to the typology of Czech tourists. It has been
shown that travel to Yugoslavia was very popular among the middle classes who had enough
time and money. The wealthier classes preferred France. The main selling points travel agents
and hotel owners used to promote travel to Yugoslavia were affordability, service targeted to
Czechs and Pan-slavism. The idea of a mutual Slavonic tradition had been in existence since the
19th century. Evidence would seem to show that the most significant factor for repeat travel was
affordability. Conservative Czech tourists remained loyal guests of Yugoslavia during the 1920s
and 1930s.