Suchergebnisse

This study applies Stakeholder Analysis to appraise the role of veterinary public health within service demand for cattle production in Colombia after the process of restructuring of veterinary services. An exploratory study of the livestock service sector was carried out over 13 months through individual open-ended interviews at regional and national levels. The study involved five main stakeholders: producers, service providers, government, training institutions and product purchasers. Four regional case studies examined smallholder, dairy, beef and dual purpose cattle production systems. Despite service availability and professional over-supply, low demand for services and unsatisfied needs were detected. Veterinary public health was widely omitted, highlighting the need for the active role that the public sector must have in policy-making for provision of these services. Some policy recommendations which involve all stakeholders are presented. Despite limitations, the potential and value of participative approaches as a complementary tool is emphasized. ; Para evaluar el papel de la salud pública veterinaria en la demanda de los servicios en la ganadería bovina colombiana, luego del proceso de reestructuración de los servicios pecuarios, se aplicó el Stakeholder Analysis. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio del sector de servicios pecuarios en Colombia durante 13 meses, a través de entrevistas abiertas no estructuradas, aplicadas al nivel regional y nacional, incluyendo cinco grupos de actores: productores, proveedores de servicios, instituciones educativas, gobierno y compradores de producto. Cuatro estudios regionales que examinaron sistemas de producción de pequeños productores, leche especializada, doble propósito y carne. No obstante la disponibilidad de un amplio inventario de servicios y la sobreoferta profesional, la baja demanda de servicios y las necesidades insatisfechas constituyeron hallazgos relevantes. En ese contexto, la salud pública veterinaria fue ampliamente omitida señalando el papel importante del sector público en la formulación de políticas para el suministro de dichos servicios. Se presentan algunas recomendaciones de política que involucran a todos los actores. A pesar de los limitantes, el valor y potencial de las metodologías participativas son resaltadas como herramientas complementarias.

Radiatus 2 (Elastic Infrastructure for BigData Analysis in the Cloud) is a project funded by the Valencian Institute for Business Competitiveness (IVACE) and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). The general objective of the project is to lay the foundations of knowledge that will facilitate the use of Big Data Analytics cloud solutions, allowing users to obtain knowledge from data generated and collected, without worrying about the necessary infrastructure. This document reports on the most relevant outcomes of the work done during the execution of the architectural design and implementation phases of the Ecloud services (Big Data analytics as a service). These services are focused on the processing of real time data (or streaming) over the Ecloud platform. This document also includes the description of the components integrated (and adapted when appropriated) into the Radiatus platform, as well as some illustrative examplesof the services. Finally, it is described the results of the processthat has been followed during the testing and validation phase in which components and services have been tested under Radiatus platform. ; RADIATUS II. Project funded by the Valencian Institute of Business Competitiveness (IVACE) and European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), within the public grant program adressed to Technological Institutes of the Valencian Community for the development of non-economic R&D projects carried out in cooperation with companies during 2018 with 200.000€. File number: IMDEEA/2018/94.

This study aims to combine theory on payments for ecosystem services (PES) with examples from practice, examining the meeting points, barriers and opportunities that have occured and can be developed by applying PES schemes for the establishment of silvopastoral systems in Colombia. This research is based on a framework in which political, economic, institutional, environmental and contextual factors are examined in order to generate a critical diagnosis of these elements in relation to the dynamics generated or that can be build from the implementation of such schemes. The implementation of PES in the country is analyzed and recommendations are provided on their effectiveness in order to integrate the opportunities and overcome the described challenges. ; Internal Review

Introduction: Most public higher education institutions in Colombia offer healthcare services to students through a dependency, which needs to characterize the population, relying on databases, to generate welfare policies. However, most of them do not have a repository that integrates information from healthcare services, allows analyzing the data, and generates programs of promotion and prevention in accordance with the characteristics of the population. Objective: Propose a trio of dimensional models for healthcare services in general medicine, dentistry and psychology, specifying the identified design techniques. Method: In the elaboration of the dimensional models and the data warehouse prototype, the methodology for the development of data warehouses for small and medium-sized enterprises was used, bearing in mind that it is aimed at small workgroups and the use of few roles and artifacts. Results: The evaluation of Utility based on the ISO/IEC 25022 standard that was carried out on the prototype of the data warehouse for the general medicine service of the Universidad del Cauca, it showed that the degree of user satisfaction was Very satisfactory. Conclusions: The proposed dimensional models allow obtaining statistics requested by government entities, which is described in the design techniques identified, allowing these models to be adapted in the design of similar health services in public universities in the country. ; Introducción: La mayoría de las instituciones públicas de educación superior en Colombia ofrecen servicios asistenciales de salud a los estudiantes por medio de una dependencia, la cual necesita caracterizar la población apoyándose en bases de datos, para generar políticas de bienestar. Sin embargo, la mayoría no cuenta con un repositorio que integre la información de los servicios asistenciales, permita analizar los datos y generar programas de promoción y prevención de acuerdo a las características de la población. Objetivo: Proponer tres modelos dimensionales para los servicios asistenciales de medicina general, odontología y psicología; especificando las técnicas de diseño identificadas. Metodología: Para la elaboración de los modelos dimensionales y del prototipo de bodega de datos, se utilizó la Metodología de desarrollo de bodegas de datos para MiPymes, teniendo en cuenta que está dirigida a grupos pequeños de trabajo y al uso de pocos roles y artefactos. Resultados: La evaluación de Utilidad basada en la norma ISO/IEC 25022 que se realizó al prototipo de bodega de datos para el servicio de medicina general de la Universidad del Cauca, mostró que el grado de satisfacción de los usuarios fue Muy satisfactorio. Conclusiones: Los modelos dimensionales propuestos permiten obtener estadísticas solicitadas por entidades de gobierno, lo cual se describe en las técnicas de diseño identificadas, permitiendo que estos modelos puedan ser adaptados en el diseño de servicios de salud similares en universidades públicas del país.

[EN] Early services for ASD need to canvas the opinions of both parents and professionals. These opinions are seldom compared in the same research study. This study aims to ascertain the views of families and professionals on early detection, diagnosis and intervention services for young children with ASD. An online survey compiled and analysed data from 2032 respondents across 14 European countries (60.9% were parents; 39.1% professionals). Using an ordinal scale from 1 to 7, parents' opinions were more negative (mean = 4.6; SD 2.2) compared to those of professionals (mean = 4.9; SD 1.5) when reporting satisfaction with services. The results suggest services should take into account child's age, delays in accessing services, and active stakeholders' participation when looking to improve services.

We analyze the support and attention given to students with disabilities in Higher Education Institutions. This support has been included both, in the context of European Higher Education Area and in the Spanish legislative framework, in order to ensure equal opportunities, accessibility and inclusion of all students. Similar studies focused on analyzing support services for students with disabilities on Spanish universities have been considered in order to contextualize the study. The research methodology is based in cases of the support services or units in charge of students with disabilities at the universities of the region of Castilla & Leon (Spain). The main objective of this study is to analyze the performance of support services or units responsible for students with disabilities at universities of Castilla & Leon. Data have been collected through documentary analysis of universities' institutional websites and a questionnaire targeted to managers or technicians in charge of these services. Results show that Castilla & Leon universities support services for students with disabilities have made an effort to promote inclusion procedures of students with disabilities in different university environments. However, a better managing and coordination of these services is needed. ; En este estudio se analiza el apoyo y la atención a los estudiantes con discapacidad en las instituciones de Educación Superior. Esta atención se enmarca en el contexto europeo de educación superior y en el marco legislativo español, desde los que se garantiza la igualdad de oportunidades, la accesibilidad y la inclusión de todos los estudiantes. La metodologíaseguida se basa en el estudio de casos, siendo las unidades de análisis los servicios de atención a la discapacidad de las universidades de la Comunidad Autónoma de Castilla y León. El objetivo general de esta investigación es analizar el funcionamiento de los servicios y unidades de apoyo a la discapacidad en las universidades de esta Comunidad Autónoma desde el punto de vista de sus responsables. Los datos han sido obtenidos mediante el análisis documental de las Web institucionales de las universidades y un cuestionario dirigido a los responsables o técnicos de los servicios de atención al estudiante con discapacidad. Las conclusiones de este estudio se sintetizan en que existen servicios de apoyo a la discapacidad en las universidades de Castilla y León que han hecho un esfuerzo por promover medidas de inclusión de los estudiantes con discapacidad en el entorno universitario, no obstante, parece necesaria una mayor estructuración y coordinación de estos servicios. We analyze the support and attention given to students with disabilities in Higher Education Institutions. This support has been included both, in the context of European Higher Education Area and in the Spanish legislative framework, in order to ensure equal opportunities, accessibility and inclusion of all students. Similar studies focused on analyzing support services for students with disabilities on Spanish universities have been considered in order to contextualize the study.The research methodology is based in cases of the support services or units in charge of students with disabilities at the universities of the region of Castilla & Leon (Spain). The main objective of this study is to analyze the performance of support services or units responsible for students with disabilities at universities of Castilla & Leon. Data have been collected through documentary analysis of universities' institutional websites and a questionnaire targeted to managers or technicians in charge of these services. Results show that Castilla & Leon universities support services for students with disabilities have made an effort to promote inclusion procedures of students with disabilities in different university environments. However, a better managing and coordination of these services is needed.

Este trabajo presenta la necesidad de profesionalizar el servicio parlamentario de carrera del Congreso del Estado de México. Para profundizar en el tema, revisa los criterios de quince de los 32 estados de la República acerca de este servicio. Usando el índice de concordancia kappa, se identifica el poco acuerdo que existe entre las legislaturas locales. Tomando las mejores prácticas, este trabajo propone los puntos mínimos a considerar y el perfil de puesto de esta actividad, importante para el trabajo legislativo. ; This paper presents the need to professionalize the career parliamentary service of the Congress of the State of Mexico. To delve into the subject, review the criteria of fifteen of the 32 states of the Republic about this service. Using the kappa concordance index, the little agreement that exists between local legislatures is identified. Taking the best practices, this work proposes the minimum points to consider and the job profile of this activity, important for legislative labor

Objective: To describe self-reported oral health-care visits and associated factors in older adults in Melbourne, Australia. Material and Methods: 201 older adults, 79-96 years, took part in the Melbourne Longitudinal Studies on Healthy Ageing (MELSHA) in 2008. Participants who visited a dentist within 12-months prior were identified. Logistic regression examined factors associated with the 12-month visits. Results: 47.7% reported visits to the dentist in the previous 12 months. Multivariate analyses showed dentate participants (OR=11.27; 95% CI: 4.38-29.00) were more likely to have a 12-month visit, and; those receiving a government pension or benefit were less likely to have a 12-month visit (OR=0.38; 95% CI 0.18-0.79). Conclusion: Compared with existing data on the oral health of older Australians, MELSHA participants appear to have lower dental attendance. Findings highlight the need to increase older people sleeking oral health-care, and the need to collect information to identify influencers of oral health service usage.

Objective. To estimate the cost of common versus nor­mative practice in the treatment of breast cancer (BrCa) at the Mexican Institute of Social Security and Services for Government Workers (ISSSTE). Materials and methods. A process approach from the perspective of providers. We identified the resources utilized during one year of treatment through online questionnaires administered to oncologists in various hospitals (common treatment) as well as by con­ducting a clinical guidelines review (normative treatment). Results. The cost of common treatment was USD113.6 million annually. For stage I cases, it proved 1.23 and 1.12 times higher in regional and general as opposed to highly specialized hospitals. For stages 0-II cases, it was higher than normative treatment owing to greater use of consultations and chemotherapy. Conclusions. BrCa accounts for 3.8% of the ISSSTE budget in 2017. Achieving greater efficiency in the use of resources allocated for BrCa treatment requires stric­ter adherence to clinical guidelines as well as early detection. ; Objetivo. Calcular los costos del tratamiento habitual y normativo del cáncer de mama (CaMa) en el Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE). Material y métodos. Se utilizó la metodología de procesos, desde la perspectiva del prestador. Se identificaron los recursos utilizados durante un año de tratamiento a través de cuestionarios en línea aplicados a oncólogos (tratamiento habitual) de diferentes hospitales y a partir de la revisión de guías clínicas (tratamiento normativo). Resultados. El costo anual habitual fue de $113.6 millones de dólares. Los costos en hospitales regionales y generales para el estadio I son 1.23 y 1.12 mayores al de alta especialidad. Los costos en los estadios 0-II son mayores al normativo por mayor uso de consultas y quimioterapia. Conclusiones. El costo anual del CaMa representó 3.8% del presupuesto del ISSSTE en 2017. Incrementar la eficiencia de los recursos destinados a su tratamiento requeriría ...

Among the developed countries, the paper sees France as having an original model for its social services. This is less based on the state than, «a priori», it would be usual to assume. The text makes an analysis of the three prime factors that are the mainstays of this model. First amongst these, an organizing of participating parties is set forth based on Municipal Government and some few large private groups of companies these with, of late, even overseas interests. Second, a series of internal rulings are pointed up and thes e are said to explain both the cost effectiveness of the sector and its ability to adapt to changes. Third and last, the paper holds that the political environment and mores along with the general attitude of the french as to matters of local government are that which make the whole experience viable. ; Entre los países desarrollados, Francia constituye un modelo original de organización del sector de Ios servicios urbanos. Se apoya en el Estado menos de lo que cabría suponer a priori. El texto analiza los tres grandes factores que integran el modelo. En primer lugar, una organización de los actores que descansa en los Municipios y en algunos grandes grupos privados que hoy día también intervienen en el extranjero. En segundo lugar, hay unos principios internos que explican tanto la rentabilidad del sector como sus capacidades de adaptación. Por último, la cultura política y el concepto general de los asuntos locales hacen que todo esto sea posible.

The agrarian sector of any agricultural country is always the most attractive for citizens and business. The free acquisition of a land plot by citizens from territorial communities or the state is, on the one hand, guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine, and on the other hand, it is one of the most problematic rights in the conditions of gradual reduction of the respective land allotments. On this basis, the disproportionality between supply and demand gives rise to numerous conflicts between citizens and authorities, which are most often resolved in courts. At the same time, the imperfection of the Ukrainian legislation leads to ambiguous judicial practice in resolving relevant disputes, which is considered inadmissible, especially for the candidate countries for the European Union membership. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the position, according to which the activity of a governmental authority in granting citizens the permit for the development of a land management plan for a land plot allocation should be recognized as an administrative service. To achieve this goal, the following general legal and branch methods of perception of social phenomena are used: formal and legal method, comparative and legal method, state and legal modelling method, and others. The main results are the construction of an algorithm of normative arguments, which prove that the permit for the development of a land management plan for a land plot allocation is a type of administrative services. The reasons are provided for the necessity to enshrine the list of services in the field of land relations, which have the status of administrative services, in the legislative act, as well as to develop standard provisions for such administrative services.

Se presentan las diferentes fases y herramientas de desarrollo de un servicio de vigilancia tecnológica e inteligencia competitiva (Zaintek) para pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYME) de Vizcaya, desde su concepción hasta su utilización por las empresas, como servicio de valor añadido. Se trata de una iniciativa del Departamento de Innovación y Promoción Económica de la Diputación Foral de Vizcaya. Se muestran las hitos desarrollados durante el año de lanzamiento, los indicadores de resultados obtenidos, y el avance de alguna de las acciones de futuro. Constituye un ejemplo del papel dinamizador de la Administración en la sensibilización de las PYMEs para que incorporen la información estratégica como herramienta de apoyo en la toma de decisiones. (Autor) ; The phases and tools of the technological monitoring and competitive intelligence service (Zaintek) for the small and medium companies of Bizkaia (Spain) are presented. The development of this added value service is shown from its conception to its use by the firms. It is an initiative of the Department of Innovation and Economic Promotion of the Government of Vizcaya. The landmarks followed during the first year of its launching are explained, the performance indicators are presented, and some of the future actions are advanced. It constitutes an example of the dynamizing role that public administrations can have in sensibilizing the companies to the need of incorporating strategic intelligence as a tool for supporting the processes of decision making

Resumen: El abastecer de agua potable a Iquique desde su habilitación como puerto a inicios del siglo XIX, fue una verdadera odisea a razón de ubicarse en una zona costera del desierto de Atacama que no tenía fuentes naturales cercanas de donde extraerla. En estos términos, el rol de los empresarios del agua fue clave para que los iquiqueños se pudieran proveer de este vital recurso, más aún con la ausencia de iniciativas estatales. Sin embargo, la hegemonía empresarial terminó por provocar una serie de incovenientes al primar los intereses comerciales por sobre los sociales que, hacia fines del periodo decimonónico, terminó por afianzar una opinión pública demandante de un servicio estatal de agua potable. Este artículo aborda las distintas iniciativas privadas, las característas del negocio del agua y el conflicto entre el municipio y algunos empresarios por la exigencia de un servicio más equitativo y de mejor calidad. ; Supplying drinking water to Iquique since its authorization as a port at the beginning of the 19th century was a real odyssey because it was located in a coastal area of the Atacama Desert that had no natural water sources nearby. Thus, the role of water entrepreneurs was essential to provide the Iquique inhabitants with this vital resource, especially as there were no state initiatives to that effect. However, business hegemony ended up causing a series of inconveniences as commercial interests prevailed over social ones. Therefore, at the end of the 19th century, a public opinion demanding a state drinking water service was established. The objective of this article is to analyze the different private initiatives, the characteristics of the water business, the conflict between the municipality and some businessmen around the demand for a service of higher quality and, finally, to demonstrate – based on the analysis of judicial and legislative sources, as well as of the local press – that the commercialization of the service was a greater obstac

La observancia del derecho de autor es una prioridad en la agenda internacional, pues existe una búsqueda que pretende sustituir las actuales limitaciones de las leyes vigentes a fin de responder a los desafíos de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). El presente artículo realiza un acercamiento comparado a la legislación concebida para la protección y observancia del derecho de autor en internet de países como Estados Unidos y de la Unión Europea, en relación con la responsabilidad de los intermediarios de internet frente a los contenidos infractores que puedan transitar o alojar en sus sistemas. Se hará un especial énfasis en la legislación actual relativa a los puertos seguros –safe harbours–, en la jurisprudencia que ha tratado de modelar este comportamiento y en los nuevos estatutos que se han generado como respuesta a una búsqueda de mayor protección y observancia del derecho de autor en internet. ; Copyright enforcement is an international agenda priority; there is a search to replace the current limitations of existing laws to respond to the challenges of new digital technologies. This article makes a comparative approach to the legislation designed to protect and enforce copyright on the Internet in countries such as the United States of America and the European Union, regarding the responsibility of Internet intermediaries for the infringing content that may travel through or stay in their systems. The article will make special emphasis on current legislation relating to the safe harbors, on jurisprudence that has tried to model this digital behavior, and on new legislative models that seek a higher protection and copyright enforcement on the internet.

Copyright enforcement is an international agenda priority; there is a search to replace the current limitations of existing laws to respond to the challenges of new digital technologies. This article makes a comparative approach to the legislation designed to protect and enforce copyright on the Internet in countries such as the United States of America and the European Union, regarding the responsibility of Internet intermediaries for the infringing content that may travel through or stay in their systems. The article will make special emphasis on current legislation relating to the safe harbors, on jurisprudence that has tried to model this digital behavior, and on new legislative models that seek a higher protection and copyright enforcement on the internet. ; La observancia del derecho de autor es una prioridad en la agenda internacional, pues existe una búsqueda que pretende sustituir las actuales limitaciones de las leyes vigentes a fin de responder a los desafíos de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). El presente artículo realiza un acercamiento comparado a la legislación concebida para la protección y observancia del derecho de autor en internet de países como Estados Unidos y de la Unión Europea, en relación con la responsabilidad de los intermediarios de internet frente a los contenidos infractores que puedan transitar o alojar en sus sistemas. Se hará un especial énfasis en la legislación actual relativa a los puertos seguros –safe harbours–, en la jurisprudencia que ha tratado de modelar este comportamiento y en los nuevos estatutos que se han generado como respuesta a una búsqueda de mayor protección y observancia del derecho de autor en internet.