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Report no. 2 issued jointly by the Office for Local Government and the Dept. of Health. ; Contents.--no. 1. A new ten-year program for aiding municipalities.--no. 2. Comprehensive sewerage studies; manual of procedure.--no. 3. Constructing economic sewage works; guide for municipal officials.--no. 4. Statewide Map series.--no. 5. Water and sewer service areas. 2 v. ; Mode of access: Internet.

You don't think about it until it breaks -- What is a plumber? -- What is a sewage worker? -- History of plumbing and sewage -- Myths and major inventions -- A day in the life of plumbers -- A day in the trenches with a sewage worker -- Homework and learning from the pros -- Big bucks for work people don't want to do -- A bright future -- Glossary -- Index.

Cover title: Wastewater treatment facility needs ; Mode of access: Internet.

Cover -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1: Warming climate and greenhouse gases -- 1.1 Warming Climate -- 1.2 Greenhouse Gases and Global Warming Potential -- 1.3 Generation of CO2 in Wastewater Treatment Plants -- 1.4 Generation of CH4 in Wastewater Treatment Plants -- 1.5 N2O Generation in Wastewater Treatment Facilities -- 1.5.1 N2O emission during nitrification -- 1.5.2 N2O emission during denitrification -- 1.6 Summary -- 1.7 References -- Chapter 2: Greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater treatment facilities -- 2.1 Direct and Indirect GHG Emissions -- 2.2 GHG Emission and Generation -- 2.3 Emission Factors of GHG Emission -- 2.4 Emissions of Dissolved Gas to the Atmosphere -- 2.5 GHG Generation and Emission in WWTPs -- 2.6 Summary -- 2.7 References -- Chapter 3: IPCC framework for calculating greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater treatment -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Wastewater Treatment and Discharge -- 3.3 IPCC Guidelines for the Estimation of National GHG Emissions of Wastewater Treatment -- 3.3.1 CH4 emissions from domestic wastewater treatment -- 3.3.2 CH4 emissions from industrial wastewater treatment -- 3.3.3 N2O emissions -- 3.4 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Biogas Utilization -- 3.5 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Sludge Disposal -- 3.5.1 Land application -- 3.5.2 Incineration -- 3.5.3 Landfill -- 3.5.4 Composting -- 3.6 Uncertainty -- 3.6.1 CH4 emissions from domestic wastewater -- 3.6.2 CH4 emissions from industrial wastewater -- 3.6.3 N2O emissions from wastewater treatment facilities -- 3.6.4 Source of uncertainties -- 3.7 Summary -- 3.8 References -- Chapter 4: Measurement of direct greenhouse gas emissions in WWTPs -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Off-Gas Measurement -- 4.2.1 Enclosed wastewater treatment facilities -- 4.2.2 Off-gas measurement techniques for open aerated tanks

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play an important role within the urbanwater cycle in protecting receiving waters from untreated discharges. However, WWTPs processes also affect the environment. Life cycle assessment has traditionally been used to assess the impact of direct discharges from WWTPs and indirect emissions related to energy or chemical production. The water footprint (WF) can provide complementary information to evaluate the impact of a WWTP regarding the use of freshwater. This paper presents the adoption of the Water Footprint Assessment methodology to assess the consumption of water resources in WWTPs by considering both blue and grey WFs. The usefulness of the proposed methodology in assessing the environmental impact and the benefits from WWTP discharge to a river is illustrated with an actual WWTP, which treats 4,000 m3$d 1, using three scenarios: no treatment, secondary treatment and phosphorus removal. A reduction of the water footprint by 51.5% and 72.4% was achieved using secondary treatment and chemical phosphorus removal, respectively, to fulfill the legal limits. These results indicate that when treating wastewater, there is a large decrease in the grey water footprint compared with the no-treatment scenario; however, there is a small blue water footprint ; The authors would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PCIN-2013-074) and the European Union (Marie Curie Career Integration Grant PCIG9-GA-2011-293535 and SANITAS ITN Project agreement 289193). Serni Morera was awarded an FI scholarship from the Catalan Government (2015FI_B2 00071). Lluís Corominas received the Career Integration Grant (PCIG9-GA-2011-293535) from the EU and the Ramon y Cajal Grant (RYC-2013-14595) from Spanish Government. LEQUIA has been recognized as a consolidated research group by the Catalan Government with code2014-SGR-1168. The authors also acknowledge the support from the Economy and Knowledge Department of the Catalan Government through the Consolidated Research Group ...

"December 1998." ; Cover title. ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 19-20). ; Final. ; This study was conducted for the Directorate of Military Programs, Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE), under ; Mode of access: Internet.

Cover -- Copyright -- Acknowledgments -- Abstract and Benefits -- Table of Contents -- List of Tables -- Executive Summary -- Chapter 1.0: Small Wastewater System Security: Background -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Small Wastewater Systems: A Profile -- 1.3 Research Orientation and Technical Approach -- Chapter 2.0: Security Needs for Small Wastewater Systems -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Security and Small Wastewater Systems: Status, Typical Characteristics, and Reasons to Adopt a Proactive Posture -- 2.3 Security Practices Applicable to the Needs of Small Wastewater Systems -- Security Practice Area 1 Operations and Maintenance -- Security Practice Area 2 Perimeter and Appurtenance Control -- Security Practice Area 3 Auxiliary Power -- Security Practice Area 4 Lift Station Resilience -- Security Practice Area 5 Neighborhood Watch and Security Enhancement of Remote Assets -- Security Practice Area 6 Emergency Response Plan (ERP) -- Security Practice Area 7 Mutual Aid and Assistance Agreements -- Security Practice Area 8 Process Chemical and Hazardous Material Management -- Security Practice Area 9 Emergency Communications -- Security Practice Area 10 Emergency Response Training -- Chapter 3.0: Looking Forward: Ongoing Security Enhancement -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Vulnerability Assessment -- 3.2.1 VSAT Methodology -- 3.2.2 RAM-W -- 3.2.3 Checklist Approaches -- 3.2.4 Conducting a Vulnerability Assessment: The Basics -- 3.3 Meshing Security Enhancement with Good Management Practices -- 3.4 Addressing Security as a Municipal or Regional Initiative -- 3.5 Identifying and Obtaining Funding for Security Enhancements -- Chapter 4.0: Security in the Context of a Hypothetical Community -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Joint Capital Planning and Infrastructure Development -- 4.3 Mutual Aid and Assistance and Provision of Emergency Surge Capacity.

This paper explores the potential of integrated management of neighboring wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The novelty lies in the integration of environmental aspects, with the application of life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, together with economic criteria for the selection of best alternatives. A case study illustrates how the connection of neighboring wastewater systems by constructing an extra pipeline provides positive results in the economic assessment, and in the majority of the LCA categories used in the global environmental assessment. The consideration of local environmental constraints suggests that the usage of the connection should be limited to periods when the minimum ecological flow in the river section between the discharges of the two WWTPs is maintained. In this particular case, the scenario that promotes the usage of the connection between the two WWTPs (but with some restrictions in dry weather periods) is preferred because it provides cost savings of 45,053€·year-1 and satisfies environmental criteria. A scenario analysis has been conducted to evaluate the influence of the pipe length on both economic and environmental aspects and the influence of individual cost terms on the economic assessment ; The authors would like to thank Consorci per la Defensa de la Conca del Riu Bes os (CDCRB) (especially A. Freix o, C. Turon and J. Arr aez) for providing the case-study and the required data as well as the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for funding (CTM-2009-13018 and RYC-2013-14595), and the European Union (ECOTECH-SUDOE Project SOE2/P2/E377, Marie Curie Career Integration Grant PCIG9-GA-2011-293535 and Marie Curie SANITAS ITN Project GA 289193). Serni Morera's FI scholarship and Voltes, S.L.U., for the technical advice and information for the inventory of the pipeline construction provided, are also acknowledged. LEQUIA and ICRA were recognised as consolidated research groups by the Catalan Government with codes 2014-SGR-1168 and 2014-SGR-291, respectively

This paper explores the potential of integrated management of neighboring wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The novelty lies in the integration of environmental aspects, with the application of life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, together with economic criteria for the selection of best alternatives. A case study illustrates how the connection of neighboring wastewater systems by constructing an extra pipeline provides positive results in the economic assessment, and in the majority of the LCA categories used in the global environmental assessment. The consideration of local environmental constraints suggests that the usage of the connection should be limited to periods when the minimum ecological flow in the river section between the discharges of the two WWTPs is maintained. In this particular case, the scenario that promotes the usage of the connection between the two WWTPs (but with some restrictions in dry weather periods) is preferred because it provides cost savings of 45,053€·year-1 and satisfies environmental criteria. A scenario analysis has been conducted to evaluate the influence of the pipe length on both economic and environmental aspects and the influence of individual cost terms on the economic assessment ; The authors would like to thank Consorci per la Defensa de la Conca del Riu Bes os (CDCRB) (especially A. Freix o, C. Turon and J. Arr aez) for providing the case-study and the required data as well as the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for funding (CTM-2009-13018 and RYC-2013-14595), and the European Union (ECOTECH-SUDOE Project SOE2/P2/E377, Marie Curie Career Integration Grant PCIG9-GA-2011-293535 and Marie Curie SANITAS ITN Project GA 289193). Serni Morera's FI scholarship and Voltes, S.L.U., for the technical advice and information for the inventory of the pipeline construction provided, are also acknowledged. LEQUIA and ICRA were recognised as consolidated research groups by the Catalan Government with codes 2014-SGR-1168 and 2014-SGR-291, respectively

This paper explores the potential of integrated management of neighboring wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The novelty lies in the integration of environmental aspects, with the application of life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, together with economic criteria for the selection of best alternatives. A case study illustrates how the connection of neighboring wastewater systems by constructing an extra pipeline provides positive results in the economic assessment, and in the majority of the LCA categories used in the global environmental assessment. The consideration of local environmental constraints suggests that the usage of the connection should be limited to periods when the minimum ecological flow in the river section between the discharges of the two WWTPs is maintained. In this particular case, the scenario that promotes the usage of the connection between the two WWTPs (but with some restrictions in dry weather periods) is preferred because it provides cost savings of 45,053€·year-1 and satisfies environmental criteria. A scenario analysis has been conducted to evaluate the influence of the pipe length on both economic and environmental aspects and the influence of individual cost terms on the economic assessment ; The authors would like to thank Consorci per la Defensa de la Conca del Riu Bes os (CDCRB) (especially A. Freix o, C. Turon and J. Arr aez) for providing the case-study and the required data as well as the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for funding (CTM-2009-13018 and RYC-2013-14595), and the European Union (ECOTECH-SUDOE Project SOE2/P2/E377, Marie Curie Career Integration Grant PCIG9-GA-2011-293535 and Marie Curie SANITAS ITN Project GA 289193). Serni Morera's FI scholarship and Voltes, S.L.U., for the technical advice and information for the inventory of the pipeline construction provided, are also acknowledged. LEQUIA and ICRA were recognised as consolidated research groups by the Catalan Government with codes 2014-SGR-1168 and 2014-SGR-291, respectively

Date from text. ; Cover title. ; Electronic reproduction. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; 44

"B-236805"--P. [1]. ; "GAO/RCED-90-57." ; "March 1990." ; Running title: Emerging municipal sludge management problems. ; Cover title. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.