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By the turn of the twentieth century, race science, ethnology, and sexology had conspired to calcify the racial and sexual limits of the "human." This article posits that contemporaneous African American novelists responded to the anti-Blackness of American sexual scientific discourse by presenting their own investigations of sexual behavior through literary narrative. This practice, which we might call "Black vernacular sexology," adapted the language and methods of institutionalized sexual science to refute the claims of scientific racism and to generate sexual knowledge from a Black standpoint. This essay examines Charles Chesnutt's The Marrow of Tradition (1901) as a powerful example of Black vernacular sexology, arguing that the novel performs a case study of a Southern aristocrat to reveal how whiteness is constructed through a perverse and sexualized obsession with Blackness. Placing the novel in dialogue with American racial and sexual scientists, the article demonstrates how Chesnutt adapts the methods and refutes the racist claims of official sexology while also refusing to duplicate that field's pathologization of individuals. This analysis suggests that the study of American sexual scientific discourse requires an understanding of how turn-of-the-century African American literature provided a Black vernacular sexology to combat anti-Black scientific truth-claims about sex itself.

Section 1: Sexual Differentiation and Dimorphism -- Sexual Differentiation in the Human Male and Female: Science, Strategies and Politics -- Sexual Dimorphism in Erotic Function: a Psychosocial Approach -- Hormone Dependent Differentiation, Maturation and Function of the Brain and Sexual Behavior -- Sexual Identity and Eroticism -- Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Erotic Component of Gender Identity in Nine Women -- Pair-Bonding Experience of 26 Early Treated Adrenogenital Females Aged 17–27 -- Erotic Imagery and Male/Female Discordance in Hermaphroditic Siblings -- Postpubertal Psychosexual Function in Males with Hypopituitarism -- The Transvestite/Transsexual: Gender-Identity Continuum and Transposition -- Voice Therapy with a Transsexual -- Effects of Prenatal Hormone Treatment on Mental Abilities -- Section 2: Sexual Dysfunction -- Etiology -- Sexual Functioning Reconsidered -- Male Erectile Impotence -- The Effects of Depression on Sexual Behavior: Preliminary Results of Research -- Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Neurological Disorders -- Therapy -- Overview -- Effectiveness of Sex Therapy -- Research -- Comparative Studies of Short-Term Treatment Methods for Sexual Inadequacies -- Stimulation Therapy for Sexual Dysfunction -- The Effect of Sexual Fantasy Frequencies on the Outcome of Short-Term Treatment Program for Sexual Inadequacy in Heterosexual Couples -- Vaginismus -- Retarded Ejaculation and Treatment -- Medroxyprogesterone Acetate as an Antiandrogen for the Rehabilitation of Sex Offenders -- Techniques -- The Use of Audio-Visual Materials in Therapy -- The Erotic-Bodily Contact Approach in Sexology -- Microphallus: The Successful Use of a Prosthetic Phallus in a Nine-Year-Old Boy -- Biological Aspects of Sexual Function -- Pliable Penile Prostheses in Treatment of Organic Impotence -- Certification for Sex Therapists -- Section 3: Sexual Response and Fantasy -- Role of Fantasy in Pair-Bonding and Erotic Performance -- Erotic Imagery in Women -- Sexual Behavior in Elderly Danish Males -- Reproductive Hormone Levels and Sexual Behaviors of Young Couples During the Menstrual Cycle -- Finger Temperature as a Measure of Sexual Arousal in Males and Females -- Multiple Orgasm in Males -- Patterns of Sexual Responsiveness during the Menstrual Cycle -- Human Vaginal Fluid, pH, Urea, Potassium and Potential Difference during Sexual Excitement -- Sexual Chemistry in Monkeys: The Effect of Vaginal Secretions on Male Sexuality -- Section 4: Fertility, Infertility, Contraception -- Orgasm and Fertility -- Ovulation Induction -- Infertility in the Unwed -- The Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Sexual Behavior -- Possible Effects of Vasectomy on Sexual Function -- Factors Affecting the Use of Contraception in the Nonmarital Context -- Attitudes of Nurses to Premarital Sex and Their Contraceptive Role Orientation -- Unmarried Youth and Actual Accessibility to Oral Contraceptives and Condoms -- Section 5: Anthropological and Sociological Studies -- Phylogenetic and Ontogenetic Aspects of Human Affectional Development -- Sex Attitudes and Practices in Two Language Groups in South Africa -- Results of the Sex Knowledge and Attitude Test of Medical Students in Israel -- Youth, Sexuality and Politics -- Psychosexual Material in the Stories Told by Children: The Fucker -- Prostitution as an Ecology of Confidence Games: The Scripted Behavior of Prostitutes and Vice Officers -- Sexual Scripts -- Section 6: Sex Education -- Sex Education and the Structure of Moral Judgment: Effectiveness of a Form of Sex Education Based on the Development of Formal Structures of Value Judgment -- Sexual Attitude Reassessment: The Workshop Participant and Attitude Change -- Evaluating a Short-Term Sex Information Program -- History, Objectives, Content of the Sexology Program at Université du Québec à Montréal -- Section 7: Sexology in Three Countries — an Overview -- Sex Education in Mexico -- Current Status of Sex Research and Sex Education in Japan -- Socio-Political Problems of Sexology as a Developing Field in Italy -- Section 8: Conclusion -- Human Sexuality — Battleground or Peaceground? -- List of Contributors.

This article explores articles about circumcision that appeared in Sexology: Sex Science Magazine, with particular attention to how the debates shifted and changed over a forty-year period. The articles on circumcision in Sexology begin in November 1934 and end in the May 1973 issue, with every decade of publication includes articles on circumcision, corresponding with growing debates about the medicalization of routine neonatal circumcision. The first article sought to understand "circumcision among savage peoples," which was quickly followed by an article on "Circumcision among the Jews," and then "Medical view of circumcision." In its earliest issues, Sexology advanced arguments in favor of routine circumcision, but in its final article on the topic, Sexology asks, "what's so good about circumcision?"

Intro -- Series Editors' Preface -- Preface -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- 1 History of Sexology and Theories of Sexuality: An Introduction -- Sexologies: Between Global and Local -- From Sexuality to Sexology and Back -- The Circulation and Hybridization of Epistemic Paradigms -- De Certeau on Psychoanalysis and Historiography -- Foucault and Medicalization -- Lantéri-Laura and the Medical Appropriation of Sexual Perversion -- The Sexual Sciences: Popular Opinion, Pornography, or Science? -- References -- Part I Political and Ideological Translations and Appropriations -- 2 Sexology's Unexpected Progressiveness in the Cold War East: Shaping People's Sexual Selves, Creating Socialist Societies -- Female Orgasm in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s -- Abortion in Poland -- Open Marriage in Hungary -- In Conclusion -- References -- 3 "Humanitarian Hedonists" as Sex Educators: The Medical and Political Work of Fritz Brupbacher (1874-1945) and Paulette Brupbacher (1880-1967) -- Sex Education and Sexual Reform as a Medical and Political Program -- The Socio-Hygienic Motive for Sex Education -- The Role of Sexuality in Human Life -- Humanitarian Hedonism as a Guiding Concept -- References -- 4 'Healthy' Relationships: Feminism and the Psy Disciplines in the Political History of Sexual Violence in Contemporary America -- The Feminist Politicization of Sexuality-And Its Discontents -- Rape as a Strategy of Oppression -- Redefining Rape -- A Mental Health Approach to Violence-And Its Efficacy6 -- Feminist Psychological Knowledge -- Feminist Care -- The Numbers of Violence -- The Price of Institutional Success -- References -- 5 Saving Sexual Science: Kinsey and American Religious-Conservative Politics -- Religious Conservatism and Sexual Science -- Kinsey's 'Homosexual Agenda' -- Attacking Kinseyan Sexual Science.