Suchergebnisse

Differences in the media representation of male (M) & female (F) candidates & their implications are examined through analysis of political advertisements from the 1986 US Senate race between Linda Chavez & Barbara Mikulski & George Bush's 1988 presidential campaign. George Bush was portrayed as a roll-up-his-sleeves, loosen-his-tie, hard-working, symbolic father, & effective leader. In contrast, no such image exists in the public mind for the hard-working F leader. Presentation of image by F candidates requires careful negotiation of the F position. Chavez's advertisements defined her as a candidate accepting of the patriarchal worldview, a leader defined by a typical F position in her roles as wife, mother, & daughter. Mikulski's advertisements employed a riskier strategy of accepting M patterns of thought for success, but creating a new kind of symbolic space for Fs by conveying a sense of maternal power & willingness to challenge patriarchy. The development & acceptance of more powerful symbols for F candidates, eg, motherhood, means a greater possibility for F electoral victories & increased gender diversity in politics. 24 References. Adapted from the source document.

Examines the role of the European Union (EU) in advancing the position of women in the European policy arena. While the European Commission & the European Court of Justice have fostered the rights of working women, forcing major revisions in national practice, the EU has defined women's issues narrowly in terms of equal pay & sex discrimination. It is unlikely to address less direct forms of discrimination, eg, unpaid labor & job segregation, since the combination of recession & diversity of labor regimes would make it difficult for member states to reach a consensus. Advancing women's rights in the EU has always been hindered by the difficulties of collective action among the diverse national-level women's networks. Also, the post-Maastricht backlash has led member states to reign in EU activism & the European Court has responded to this political signal, which has major implications for advancing women's issues at the pan-European level. 51 References. Adapted from the source document.

Distinguishes between desegregation & integration, & differentiates among four concepts of the latter. Desegregation aims to undue racial segregation, whereas integration attempts to foster interracial interaction in institutions that never engaged in purposeful segregation. Different types of integration include amalgamation (blending of races through voluntary sexual intimacy), racial mixing (creation of new communal affiliations), diversity integration (strategic placement of blacks in power-shaping forums), & pluralist integration (hard bargaining between blacks & the white power structure). After delineating opposition to integration, reasons for retaining at least some sense of optimism about its future prospects are identified. M. Maguire

Examines the activities of a selected group of Chicanas & Mexicanas in the United Farm Workers of America (UFW) in the mid-1960s-early 1970s, drawing on historical materials. These women were married to men who were heavily involved in UFW politics as leaders of an office established in Washington, DC. While the men addressed other unions & political figures, the women worked on gender-specific issues & maintained the integrity of the family unit. The latter effort was most difficult, as family needs typically became secondary to the demands of the UFW boycott. However, the women also participated in picketing & boycott or strike (huelga) activities, gave speeches before female constituents, & performed domestic duties that allowed other women to perform their office responsibilities. This gendered division of labor is taken to represent a family model of social activism in which men & women are assigned different roles & responsibilities. It is concluded that the participation of these women in the UFW during this critical period reflects the diversity of experiences of Mexican & Mexican American women during the latter 20th century. D. Ryfe

The economic & social foundations & nature of the sex tourism trade in Cuba are discussed. As the result of continued US trade blockades & the loss of economic support by the former USSR, Cuba has looked toward tourism as a means of reinvigorating its failing economy. Although the emerging tourist trade has generated substantial foreign exchange, the presence of foreign money has devalued local currency, & under these circumstances, black market activities such as prostitution have become increasingly popular. Unlike in more established centers for sex tourism, prostitution is not negotiated by a third party such as a brothel or pimp, & arrangements between client & prostitute are highly fluid. Therefore, sexual transactions can be purchased for as little as a meal in towns where both poverty & competition drive down prices. These circumstances are ideal for men who may feel guilty about paying for sex, but can justify their slight expenditures as a date. Also, the exotic surroundings & racial diversity of prostitutes offer more eclectic clients an ideal setting for sex tourism. T. Sevier

Discusses the goals of feminist theory & the potential advantages of grounding such theory in poststructuralism. The aims of feminist theory are broadly defined as illumination of all forms of patriarchy, emphasis on plurality & diversity over unities & universals, deconstruction of male-centered power hierarchies, new ways of conceptualizing social reality, & the capacity for political change. It is argued that poststructuralism is best suited for these goals, & feminists have already appropriated a variety of poststructuralist terms, including language, discourse, difference, & deconstruction. Drawing on the example of a 1979 sexual discrimination suit against Sears by the Equal Opportunities Employment Commission, it is argued that the contemporary debate between the equality & difference camps of feminism is misleading & destructive. Contrary to popular belief, equality & difference are not mutually exclusive goals in the pursuit of women's rights. Poststructuralism offers the opportunity for fluid & context-specific conceptualizations of difference & equality that would allow feminists to pursue both goals simultaneously. T. Sevier

Introduction / Barry D. Adam, Jan Willem Duyvendak, and Andr(c)♭ Krouwel -- Moral regulation and the disintegrating Canadian state / Barry D. Adam -- Gay and lesbian movements in the United States: dilemmas of identity, diversity and political strategy / Steven Epstein -- "More love and more desire": the building of a Brazilian movement / James N. Green -- Democracy and sexual difference: the lesbian and gay movement in Argentina / Stephen Brown -- The lesbian and gay movement in Britain: schisms, solidarities, and social worlds / Ken Plummer -- The Dutch lesbian and gay movement: the politics of accommodation / Judith Schuyf and Andr(c)♭ Krouwel -- Gay and lesbian activism in France: between integration and community-oriented movements / Olivier Fillieule and Jan Willem Duyvendak -- Passion for life: a history of the lesbian and gay movement in Spain / Ricardo Llamas and Fefa Vila -- Gay and lesbian movements in Eastern Europe: Romania, Hungary, and the Czech Republic / Scott Long -- Emerging visibility of gays and lesbians in Southern Africa: contrasting contexts / Mai Palmberg -- Japan: finding its way? / Wim Lunsing -- The largest street party in the world: the gay and lesbian movement in Australia / Geoffrey Woolcock and Dennis Altman -- Gay and lesbian movements beyond borders? National imprints of a worldwide movement / Barry D. Adam, Jan Willem Duyvendak, and Andr(c)♭ Krouwel

A model of intercultural behavior and training / Dan Landis, Rabi S. Bhagat -- The role of culture theory in the study of culture and intercultural training / Dharm P.S. Bhawuk, Harry C. Triandis -- Ethics in intercultural training / R. Michael Paige, Judith N. Martin -- Designing intercultural training / William B. Gudykunst, Ruth M. Guzley, Mitchell R. Hammer -- The challenge of international personnel selection / Daniel J. Kealey -- Intercultural competence : a research perspective / Norman G. Dinges, Kathleen D. Baldwin -- Acculturation / Colleen Ward -- Intercultural trainer competencies / R. Michael Paige -- Measuring impacts of cross-cultural training / Brian F. Blake, Richard Heslin, Shannon C. Curtis -- The intercultural sensitizer / Kenneth Cushner, Dan Landis -- Intercultural training in the military / Mickey R. Dansby, Dan Landis -- Cross-cultural training in organizational contexts / Rabi S. Bhagat, Kristin O. Prien -- The foreign teaching assistant as expatriate manager / Mark E. Mendenhall -- The use of equal opportunity climate in intercultural training / Dan Landis, Mickey R. Dansby, Rick S. Tallarigo -- Social support and the challenges of international assignments : implications for training / Gary Fontaine -- Models of diversity training / Bernardo M. Ferdman, Sari Einy Brody -- Reentry training for intercultural sojourners / Judith N. Martin, Teresa Harrell -- A framework and model for understanding Latin American and Latino/Hispanic cultural patterns / Rosita Daskal Albert -- Sociocultural and contextual challenges of organizational life in eastern Europe : implications for cross-cultural training and development / Edward Dunbar -- Russia and the west : intercultural relations / Walter G. Stephan, Marina Abalakina-Paap -- Developing expatriate managers for southeast Asia / Graham Williams, Ritchie Bent -- Training teachers and students for intercultural cooperation in Israel : two models / Hanna Shachar, Yehuda Amir -- Understanding across the sexual orientation gap : sexuality as culture / Michael W. Ross, Mar(c)Ưa Eugenia Fern(c)Łndez-Esquer, Annette Seibt