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Introduction to modern EW -- Pulsed dopplar radar basics -- LPI radar and EA model -- Extended target EP signal processing -- LPI radar EP waveforms -- Multiple receiver EP signal processing -- Adaptive EW

Signal processing is one of the most important and understudied dimensions of contemporary sound cultures and of electronic media more broadly. In the sonic register, it inflects everything from music production, wired or wireless transmission, and radio broadcast to everyday conversation and listening. Because it is embedded in all stages of contemporary sound production, reproduction, and reception, it has remained an elusive subject for critique. This essay considers the poetics of audio signal processing—the figural dimensions of the technical process and the representations of this process in audio-technical discourse. The article focuses on two metaphorical frames commonly applied to signal processing in the everyday language of musicians and audio technologists: cooking and travel. Through a reading of Claude Lévi-Strauss, it suggests that metaphors of rawness and cooking elevate signal processing to a kind of culturing process by which sound is readied for consumption by listeners through specialized technologies and techniques. The argument situates the spatialization of signal flow and the design of circuit topology within long-standing ideas about travel and voyage that inflect Western epistemologies of sound. As metaphors for signal processing, cooking and travel mark cultural locations (e.g., gendered, classed, able-bodied positionalities) much as they do in broader social contexts. Not only is signal processing subject to the critique of representation, it is, more than any other technical register, directly linked to the contemporary cultural politics of perception and reception. Although this article focuses on sound technologies, a full cultural critique of signal processing would consider its central role in every sense register.

The field of digital signal processing grew out of the flexibility afforded by the use of digital computers in implementing signal processing algorithms and systems. It has since broadened into the use of a variety of both digital and analog technologies, spanning a broad range of applications, bandwidths, and realizations. The Digital Signal Processing group carries out research on algorithms for signal processing and their applications. Current application areas of interest include signal enhancement and active noise cancellation; speech, audio and underwater acoustic signal processing; advanced beamforming for radar and sonar systems; and signal processing and coding for wireless and broadband multiuser communication networks. In some of our recent work, we have developed new methods for signal enhancement and noise cancellation with single or multisensor measurements. We have also been developing new methods for representing and analyzing fractal signals. This class of signals arises in a wide variety of physical environments and also has potential in problems involving signal design. We are also exploring potential uses of nonlinear dynamics and chaos theory of signal design and analysis. Another emphasis is on structuring algorithms for approximate processing and successive refinement. In other research, we are investigating applications of signal and array processing to ocean and structural acoustics and geophysics. These problems require the combination of digital signal processing tools with a knowledge of wave propagation to develop systems for short time spectral analysis, wavenumber spectrum estimation, source localization, and matched field processing. We emphasize the use of real-world data from laboratory and field experiments such as the Heard Island Experiment for Acoustic Monitoring of Global Warming and several Arctic acoustic experiments conducted on the polar ice cap. A major application focus of the group involves signal processing and coding for wireless multiuser systems and broadband communication networks. Specific interests include commercial and military mobile radio networks, wireless local area networks and personal communication systems, digital audio and television broadcast systems, and multimedia networks. Along with a number of other directions, we are currently exploring new code-division multiple- access (CDMA) strategies, new techniques for exploiting antenna arrays in wireless systems, and new methods for modeling and management of traffic in high-speed packet-switched networks. Much of our work involves close collaboration with the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, and a number of high technology companies in the Boston area. ; Sanders, a Lockheed-Martin Corporation ; US Army Research Laboratory ; US Navy - ONR ; National Science Foundation ; National Defense Science and Engineering Fellowship ; US Air Force Office of Scientific Research ; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship ; AT&T Bell Laboratories Graduate Research Fellowship ; Contract BZ4962 (Sanders) ; Contract DAAL01-96-2-0001 (USARL) Contract DAAL01-96-2-0002 ; Grant N00014-93-1-0686 (ONR) Grant N00014-96-1-0930 Grant N00014-95-1-0362 ; Grant MIP 95-02885 (NSF) ; Grant F49620-96-1-0072 (USAF-OSR)

Signalverarbeitung ist einer der wichtigsten und zugleich am wenigsten untersuchten Aspekte gegenwärtiger Klangkulturen sowie elektronischer Medien im Allgemeinen. In akustischer Hinsicht beeinflusst sie eine Vielzahl von Bereichen, von Musik über verkabelte oder kabellose Übertragung, Rundfunksendungen, bis hin zu alltäglichen Gesprächen und Zuhören. Gerade weil sie in allen Stadien neuerer Sound-Produktion, -Reproduktion und -Rezeption implementiert sind, sind signalverarbeitende Prozesse als eigener Forschungsgegenstand schwer fassbar geblieben. In diesem Artikel geht es nun um eine Poetik der Audio-Signalverarbeitung – die gestaltenden Elemente des technischen Prozesses und dessen Repräsentationen in tontechnischen Diskursen. Der Fokus liegt auf zwei Metaphern, die im alltäglichen Sprachgebrauch von Musikern und Tontechnikern auf Signalverarbeitung angewendet werden: Kochen und Reisen. Mit Bezug auf Lévi-Strauss schlagen wir in diesem Artikel vor, dass Signalverarbeitung durch die Metaphern des Rohen und des Gekochten zu einer Kulturtechnik erhoben wird, die den Klang mit Hilfe spezialisierter Technologien und Techniken für den Genuss für andere «zubereitet». Mit diesem Argument wird die Verräumlichung des Signalflusses und das Design von Schaltkreis-Topologien im Kontext tradierter Vorstellungen des Reisens und der Reise verortet, die Erkenntnismodelle zum Klang beeinflusst haben. Wie auch in weiteren sozialen Kontexten markieren Kochen und Reisen als Metaphern für Signalverarbeitung kulturelle Verortungen (z.B. als vergeschlechtlichte, klassenspezifische, befähigte Positionierungen). Signalverarbeitung ist nicht nur unter dem Aspekt von Repräsentation zu betrachten, sie ist, und das mehr als andere technische Register, direkt mit zeitgenössischen kulturellen Politiken der Wahrnehmung und der Rezeption verknüpft. Während der vorliegende Artikel sich ausschliesslich auf Tontechnik konzentriert, schlagen wir vor, dass eine umfassende kulturelle Analyse der Signalverarbeitung sich mit ihrer zentralen Rolle alle Sinne betreffend zu befassen hätte. ; Signal processing is one of the most important and understudied dimensions of contemporary sound cultures, and of electronic media more broadly. In the sonic register, it inflects everything from music production, wired or wireless transmission, and radio broadcast to everyday conversation and listening. Because it is embedded in all stages of contemporary sound production, reproduction, and reception, it has remained an elusive subject for critique. This essay considers the poetics of audio signal processing – the figural dimensions of the technical process and the representations of this process in audio-technical discourse. The article focuses on two metaphorical frames commonly applied to signal processing in the everyday language of musicians and audio technologists: cooking and travel. Through a reading of Lévi-Strauss, it suggests that metaphors of rawness and cooking elevate signal processing to a kind of culturing process, by which sound is readied for consumption by listeners through specialized technologies and techniques. The argument situates the spatialization of signal flow and the design of circuit topology within longstanding ideas about travel and voyage that inflect Western epistemologies of sound. As metaphors for signal processing, cooking and travel mark cultural locations (e.g., gendered, classed, able-bodied positionalities) much as they do in broader social contexts. Not only is signal processing subject to the critique of representation, it is, more than any other technical register, directly linked to the contemporary cultural politics of perception and reception. Although this article focuses on sound technologies, a full cultural critique of signal processing would consider its central role in every sense register.

International audience ; Game theory is a branch of mathematics aimed at modeling and studying the interactions between several decision-makers (called players) who can have conflicting or common interests. A "game" is essentially a situation in which the benefit or cost reaped by each player gets from an interactive situation does not only depend on its own decisions but also on that taken by the other players. Therefore, in a game, the actions and objectives of the players are tightly coupled. Until very recently, game theory has been used quite marginally in signal processing, noticeable examples being some applications in robust detection and estimation [1], [2] as well as watermarking [3] (in which the watermarking problem is seen as a game between the data embedder and the attacker). However, the real catalyzer of the application of game theory to signal processing has been the blooming of all issues related to networking in general, and distributed networks, in particular. The primary goal of this survey is to provide an all-inclusive, holistic reference on the use of game theory in signal processing application domains. However, we note that, the extensive form, which is used to investigate simple, dynamic situations, will not be discussed in this survey (e.g., see [24] and references therein for more details). The main reason is that, in general, the extensive form is often mathematically less convenient, especially for typical signal processing problems, as advocated by the current state of the signal processing literature, that shows that the dominant model is the strategic form. Defining the corresponding model and providing important results related to the strategic form is the purpose of Section III, which shows how some solution concepts that are inherent to the strategic form can be related to algorithmic aspects. Section IV discusses the coalition form. Whereas issues related to the strategic form concentrate on the strategic choices of the individual and what strategies it chooses to reach its ...

International audience ; Game theory is a branch of mathematics aimed at modeling and studying the interactions between several decision-makers (called players) who can have conflicting or common interests. A "game" is essentially a situation in which the benefit or cost reaped by each player gets from an interactive situation does not only depend on its own decisions but also on that taken by the other players. Therefore, in a game, the actions and objectives of the players are tightly coupled. Until very recently, game theory has been used quite marginally in signal processing, noticeable examples being some applications in robust detection and estimation [1], [2] as well as watermarking [3] (in which the watermarking problem is seen as a game between the data embedder and the attacker). However, the real catalyzer of the application of game theory to signal processing has been the blooming of all issues related to networking in general, and distributed networks, in particular. The primary goal of this survey is to provide an all-inclusive, holistic reference on the use of game theory in signal processing application domains. However, we note that, the extensive form, which is used to investigate simple, dynamic situations, will not be discussed in this survey (e.g., see [24] and references therein for more details). The main reason is that, in general, the extensive form is often mathematically less convenient, especially for typical signal processing problems, as advocated by the current state of the signal processing literature, that shows that the dominant model is the strategic form. Defining the corresponding model and providing important results related to the strategic form is the purpose of Section III, which shows how some solution concepts that are inherent to the strategic form can be related to algorithmic aspects. Section IV discusses the coalition form. Whereas issues related to the strategic form concentrate on the strategic choices of the individual and what strategies it chooses to reach its objective, the coalition form is typically concerned about options available to subsets of players (cooperative groups or coalitions), what cooperative coalitions can form, and how the coalition utility is divided among its members. In practice, for a given signal processing problem, the structure of the problem at hand and the practical constraints associated with it will say if the strategic or coalition form is the most suited one. For example, it may occur that both forms are acceptable in terms of information assumptions while complexity issues will lead to selecting the strategic form instead of the coalition one.

This paper presents the design and implementation of three System-on-Chip (SoC) cores, which implement the Digital Signal Processing (DSP) functions: Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter, Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The FIR-filter core is based on the symmetrical realization form, the IIRfilter core is based on the Second Order Sections (SOS) architecture and the FFT core is based on the Radix 22 Single Delay Feedback (R22SDF) architecture. The three cores are compatible with the Wishbone SoC bus, and they were described using generic and structural VHDL. In-system hardware verification was performed by using an OpenRisc-based SoC synthesized on an Altera FPGA. Tests showed that the designed DSP cores are suitable for building SoC based on the OpenRisc processor and the Wishbone bus.

Game theory is a branch of mathematics aimed at the modeling and understanding of resource conflict problems. Essentially, the theory splits into two branches: noncooperative and cooperative game theory. The distinction between the two is whether or not the players in the game can make joint decisions regarding the choice of strategy. Noncooperative game theory is closely connected to minimax optimization and typically results in the study of various equilibria, most notably the Nash equilibrium. Cooperative game theory examines how strictly rational (selfish) actors can benefit from voluntary cooperation by reaching bargaining agreements. Another distinction is between static and dynamic game theory, where the latter can be viewed as a combination of game theory and optimal control. In general, the theory provides a structured approach to many important problems arising in signal processing and communications, notably resource allocation and robust transceiver optimization. Recent applications also occur in other emerging fields, such as cognitive radio, spectrum sharing, and in multihop-sensor and adhoc networks.