Suchergebnisse

"This book provides the reader with understanding of the phenomenon of silent resistance, collecting and presenting research on it. Regulating, governing or controlling human activity often generates open resistance, which has been studied from the points of view of democracy, civil disobedience or political activism, for example. However, power relations and conflicts can also involve another kind of resistance, which may not necessarily even be recognised as resistance at first. It can be called silent, passive, invisible or everyday resistance. Silent resistance is a way of the subjugated or otherwise marginalised to challenge the dominant rules or systems. Because it does not proclaim resistance but rather tries to stay out of publicity, it is risk-free and low-profile activity that is seemingly non-political – and you can get away with it.
Silent resistance can take many different forms: it may appear, for example, as silence and grumbling, isolation, avoiding and hindering issues or shifting attention to something irrelevant. The importance of everyday resistance rises from the signals of small networks in a situation where open confrontation is not possible or desired, but total inactivity is not an option either. Moreover, silent resistance remaining in the margin cannot be considered separate from open resistance, but as an important part in the process of realising more open resistance. Although power relations serve as the event framework of the phenomenon, silent resistance is a weapon not only in the hands of the subjugated. Its tactics can also be used by those who hold power.
With the articles in the book, the reader can follow the most diverse situations of silent resistance through both historical and contemporary events. The cases outline different forms of silent resistance, as well as its mechanisms and motives. The articles in the collection reveal aspects of sociology, cultural anthropology, cultural research, youth research and historical research. This emphasises the wide spectrum of silent resistance, its loudness and multidisciplinary character.
" - "Kirja tekee näkyväksi vähän käsiteltyä hiljaisen vastarinnan ilmiötä sekä kokoaa yhteen ja esittelee sitä koskevaa tutkimusta. Kun ihmisen toimintaa säädellään, hallitaan tai kontrolloidaan, ilmenee usein myös avointa vastarintaa, jota on tutkittu esimerkiksi demokratian toteutumisen, kansalaistottelemattomuuden tai poliittisen aktivismin näkökulmista. Valta-asetelmiin ja konflikteihin voi kuitenkin liittyä myös toisenlaista vastarintaa, jota ei välttämättä ensin edes huomata vastarinnaksi. Sitä voidaan kutsua hiljaiseksi, passiiviseksi, näkymättömäksi tai arkipäivän vastarinnaksi. Hiljainen vastarinta on alistettujen tai muuten marginaalisiksi jääneiden tapa asettua poikkiteloin hallitsevien sääntöjen tai järjestelmien kanssa. Koska se ei julistaudu vastarinnaksi, vaan pikemminkin pyrkii pysymään poissa julkisuudesta, se on riskitöntä matalan profiilin toimintaa, joka on näennäisesti epäpoliittista ja josta ei jää kiinni.
Hiljainen vastarinta voi saada monia erilaisia muotoja: se saattaa näyttäytyä esimerkiksi vaikenemisena ja jurnuttamisena, ulkopuolelle jättäytymisenä, asioiden välttämisenä, niiden vaikeuttamisena tai huomion siirtämisenä epäolennaiseen. Arkipäivän vastarinnan merkitys nousee pienten verkostojen signaaleista tilanteessa, jossa ei kyetä tai haluta lähteä julkiseen vastakkainasetteluun, mutta ei myöskään haluta pysyä täysin passiivisina. Marginaaliin jäävää hiljaista vastarintaa ei myöskään voida nähdä erillisenä avoimesta vastarinnasta, vaan se on tärkeä osa avoimemman vastarinnan aktualisoitumisen prosessia. Vaikka valtasuhteet toimivat ilmiön tapahtumakehyksinä, hiljainen vastarinta ei ole ainoastaan alistettujen toimintaa. Sen taktiikoita voivat käyttää myös valtaapitävät.
Kirjan artikkeleiden mukana pääsemme seuraamaan mitä moninaisimpia hiljaisen vastarinnan tapahtumatilanteita sekä historiallisten että nykypäivän tapahtumien avulla. Erilaiset tapaukset avaavat ja jäsentävät hiljaisen vastarinnan esiintymismuotoja, samoin kuin sen mekanismeja ja motiiveja. Kokoelman artikkeleissa tulevat esiin sosiologian, kulttuuriantropologian, kulttuurintutkimuksen, nuorisotutkimuksen ja historiantutkimuksen näkökulmat. Tämä korostaa hiljaisen vastarinnan laajaa kirjoa, sen äänekkyyttä ja monialaisuutta. "

Songs and writings: oral and literary cultures in early-modern Finland renews the understanding of exchange between the learned culture of clergymen and the culture of commoners, or "folk". What happened when the Reformation changed the position of the oral vernacular language to literary and ecclesiastical, and when folk beliefs seem to have become an object for more intensive surveillance and correction? How did clergymen understand and use the versatile labels of popular belief, paganism, superstition and Catholic fermentation? Why did they choose particular song languages, poetic modes and melodies for their Lutheran hymns and literary poems, and why did they avoid oral poetics in certain contexts while accentuating it in others? How were the hagiographical traditions representing the international medieval literary or "great" tradition adapted to "small" folk traditions, and how did they persist and change after the Reformation? What happened to the cult of the Virgin Mary in local oral traditions?
The first Finnish 16th-century reformers admired the new Germanic models of Lutheran congregational hymns and avoided the Finnic vernacular Kalevala-metre idiom, while their successors picked up many vernacular traits, most notably alliteration, in their ecclesiastical poetry and hymns. Over the following centuries, the new features introduced via new Lutheran hymns such as accentual metres, end-rhymes and strophic structures were infusing into oral folk poetry, although this took place also via secular oral and literary routes. On the other hand, seventeenth-century scholars cultivated a new academic interest in what they understood as "ancient Finnish poetry".
The book has an extensive English Summary for the international readership.

In the 21st century, vernacular tradition has been emerging updated, hybridized forms. The increased availability of digital devices and resources has diminished the gap between professional production and folk culture. Digital technology and commercial productions have merged with grassroots practices, local identities, and personal expression. This book introduces analytical views of contemporary folklore as vernacular meaning-making and performance in interaction with digital technology and commercial productions. It focuses on various genres, such as internet memes, local rap music, video games, creepypasta, and stand-up performances. Central themes featured in the analyses include accelerated cultural circulation and reinterpretations, questions surrounding ownership and appropriation, technological agency, and the performance of cultural and personal identities.

The book explores the discourses of modernism, contemporary art and art history writing as well as their interdisciplinary values and boundaries – and cases that do not fit within these boundaries.The articles explore the meanings of junk and relics, high art, design, and the intimate experience of art and public criticism. The themes explored in the book expand our views on the queer potential of colour, the meaning of detail, and the relationships between visual art and writing.
The fourteen peer-reviewed case studies in the volume offer new insights from the fields of visual cultural studies, art history and gender studies. The articles in the anthology do not rely strictly on disciplinary boundaries but also open themselves up to broader fields of culture.

Why the Kalevala and not the Kanteletar? The Kalevala Society's 101st Yearbook maps the processes of canonizing and marginalizing in traditions, cultural heritage and literature by focusing on the fringes of cultural ideals and norms. How and using which criteria have researchers, artists and materials of cultural production been lifted up or pushed aside? What kind of nations would have emerged if writing the nation had rested on the alternatives: the marginal rather than the canonical genres? A look into the blind spots and fringes of culture and research reveals the endless movement in and between hierarchically positioned spheres of culture. Listening to margins changes not only the canon but also the idea of canon.

Tradition and literature are not held back by borders. Transnationality is, for example, geographic, symbolic, or linguistic movement and action. Different kinds of cultural transitions and migrant traditions are connected with transnationality. Studying the multilingualism of literary texts or diverse cultural identities, transnationality is a prolific angle. In the 102nd Yearbook of the Kalevala Society Foundation, the topics cover for example migration and return migration, material things crossing borders, and places of music culture. At a more theoretical level we are asking how studying transnationality enriches the disciplines with roots in the national sciences.

This collection deals with cultural studies in the humanities and the methods it uses. Its authors include scholars of ethnology, anthropology, folkloristics, digital culture research, and study of religions. Its chapters address topics of discussion and debate in humanistic culture research and indicate what tools are currently being used to study cultural phenomena. Various phases of the research process are covered, including epistemology, research ethics, techniques of data collection and analysis, the writing process of research plans, and the process of writing up the analysis. The book's authors contribute to our knowledge of changes in research paradigms and agendas, scientific philosophies, ethnographic fieldwork, different modes of writing, materiality, reflexivity, observation, researchers' use of the five senses, digital research, audiovisual techniques of observation, and selected textual methodologies. The book is intended as a textbook and methods guide for students in the fields of cultural research, for postdoctoral researchers, and for more senior researchers.