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The IEEE Smart Cities Initiative brings together the IEEE's broad array of technical societies and organizations to advance the state of the art for smart city technologies for the benefit of society and to set the global standard in this regard by serving as a neutral broker of information amongst industry, academic, and government stakeholders. These smart city technologies draw upon expertise in several functional domains including: ● Sensors and Intelligent Electronic Devices ● Communication Networks & Cyber Security ● Systems Integration ● Intelligence & Data Analytics ● Management & Control Platforms Together, this functional expertise serves to achieve the mission of the IEEE Smart Cities initiative: 1. To be recognized as the authoritative voice and leading source of credible technical information and educational content within the scope of smart cities identified below. 2. To facilitate and promote both the collaborative and individual work of its Member societies regarding smart city technology. To that end, the IEEE Smart Cities initiative has identified several application domains in which to apply its expertise. These are: ● Smart energy systems ● Smart water systems ● Smart mobility systems ● Smart healthcare systems Each of these systems has generally developed in its own right in response to the needs and context of the domain. Each faces its own set of drivers and challenges. And yet, as each of these systems gains greater "digital intelligence", recurring themes of technology integration do emerge. This sequence of two articles serves to highlight these domain-specific drivers and challenges within the broader smart city landscape. This first article focuses on smart energy and smart water systems. In the sequel article, smart mobility and healthcare systems are discussed.

16th Water Distribution System Analysis Conference, WDSA2014 — Urban Water Hydroinformatics and Strategic Planning ; Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. ; Population growth and economic development are main causes for increases in the demand for freshwater throughout the world. The likely impacts of climate change and increased urbanisation will result in the increase of the share of global water use to satisfy urban demand and will make water security for urban population even more difficult and costly to achieve. iWIDGET is an EU FP7 funded project (2012-2015), aiming to advance knowledge and understanding about smart metering technologies in order to develop novel, robust, practical and cost-effective methodologies and tools to manage urban water demand in households across Europe. The main scientific challenges for iWIDGET are the management and extraction of useful information from vast amounts of high-resolution consumption data, the development of customised intervention and awareness campaigns to influence behavioural change, and the integration of iWIDGET concepts into a set of decision-support tools ('widgets') for water utilities and consumers, applicable in differing local conditions, in three case studies in the UK, Portugal and Greece. ; European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) - iWIDGET Project (2012-2015)

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Decentralized Green Water-Infrastructure Systems: Resilient and Sustainable Management Strategies for Building Water Systems -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Emerging Issues in Water Resources and Infrastructure -- 2.1 Twentieth Century Water Infrastructure -- 2.2 New Paradigm for the Twenty First Century -- 3 Rainwater Harvesting -- 3.1 RWH for Potable Use -- 4 Graywater -- 4.1 Graywater Risk -- 4.2 Graywater Practical Considerations -- 4.3 Graywater System Regulations -- 5 Renewable Energy Use -- 5.1 Solar Energy -- 5.2 Wind Energy -- 6 Sustainable and Resilient Water Management Strategy -- 6.1 Optimization Framework -- 6.2 Solution Procedure -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- Advances in Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse Technologies: Selected Case Study Projects in Japan -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Water Reuse in Osaka -- 2.1 Abeno Harukas -- 2.2 Aeon Mall Sakai Teppocho -- 3 Conclusions -- References -- Smart Decentralized Water Systems in South Korea -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Historical Development of Major Waterworks in South Korea -- 3 Water Supply and Demand in South Korea -- 4 Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) -- 5 Smart Decentralized Water Management (SDWM) -- 6 Decentralized System Cases in South Korea -- 6.1 Case 1. The 2nd Lotte World Tower -- 6.2 Case 2. Star City -- 6.3 Case 3. Local Government Initiatives -- 7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Open Datasets and IoT Sensors for Residential Water Demand Monitoring at the End-Use Level: A Pilot Study Site in Naples (Italy) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 General Trend of Decentralized Water Infrastructure Systems: Opportunities and Challenges of Modelling Residential Water Demand -- 3 Urban Water Demand Data: An Overview of Open Datasets -- 3.1 District Level -- 3.2 Household Level -- 3.3 End-Use Level -- 4 Residential Water Demand Monitoring and Management.

Although wastewater has been increasingly used to grow a range of crops for income generation and livelihood resilience in urban and peri-urban areas, irrigation with untreated or partially treated wastewater may result in negative impacts on irrigated crops, soils, and groundwater along with implications for human and environmental health through chemical and microbial risks. With the potential for environmental risks due to concentrations above the maximum allowable levels, the major chemical constituent groups that need to be addressed in wastewater-irrigated environments are metals and metalloids, essential nutrients, salts and specific ionic species, and persistent organic pollutants. To avoid potential negative impacts, conventional wastewater treatment options, which can control the release of these contaminants into the environment, remain the key to protecting water quality for beneficial uses in agriculture, aquaculture, and agroforestry systems. Effective legislation, monitoring, and enforcement are also essential and often neglected management strategies. At the farm level, some low-cost irrigation, soil, and crop management options, discussed in this chapter, are available to reduce the risk from contaminants added through wastewater irrigation.

This 34th volume of the International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management includes papers from the 2021 conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environmental Systems (SDEWES) held October 10-15, 2021, in Dubrovnik, Croatia as well as the 7th International Conference on Smart Energy Systems held September 21-22 in Copenhagen, Denmark and two normal papers. A focus area of this issue is district heating and district cooling systems, with articles addressing resources for district heating and cooling systems, impacts of having individual district heating metres for consumers and approaches to analysing district heating systems. Another focus area is stakeholder involvement where two groups of researchers focus on stakeholders from an energy island perspective as well as from a positive energy district perspective. Both groups note the importance of factoring in stakeholders when devising transition plans. Plans for increasing the penetration of renewable energy sources for the Estonian, Latvia and Lithuanian systems are analysed using the Backbone model, finding modest increases in system costs. Lastly, an article sets up an indicator system for assessing environmental performance of European Union member states ranking, e.g., Estonian, Latvia and Lithuanian as moderate (Estonia and Latvia) to weak (Lithuania) in terms of sustainable energy performance score, based on 2019 data.

Data science trends and opportunities for smart water utilities -- Review of Techniques for Optimal Placement of Pressure and Flow Sensors for Leak/Burst Detection and Localisation in Water Distribution Systems -- A bird's-eye view of data validation in the drinking water industry of The Netherlands.-Monitoring and controlling a smarter wastewater treatment system: a UK perspective -- Using Radial Basis Function for Water Quality Events Classification -- Promoting Smart Water Systems in Developing Countries through Innovation Partnerships: Evidence from VIA Water-supported projects in Africa -- Exploring assimilation of Crowdsourcing Observations into Flood Models -- Precipitation measurement with weather radar -- Satellite Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture for Hydrological Applications: A Review of Issues to Be Solved -- Spectroscopic Methods for Online Water Quality Monitoring -- Quartz-Crystal Microbalance sensors: new tools for the assessment of organic threats to the quality of water.

AbstractThis article considers some of the implications of the present situation for the practical management of industrial water systems and illustrates ways in which improvements can be made. There are three key, interrelated issues; quality, cost and disposal. Copyright © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.