Suchergebnisse

Drawing on ethnographical research conducted since 2008 in Transcarpathia (Ukraine), this article raises two main issues regarding memory processes in a post-communist context. The first question bears on the relation between the public construction of a collective memory of victimhood grounded in the Goulag experience, & its ritualization, on the one hand, & the silences & uneases of informal memory glosses in the urban & rural local Magyar-speaking society (re)making its categories of collective identification. The second issue arises from the paradoxical relation between ethnicized memory practices & discourses on the one hand, & the necessarily multi-ethnic & interactional nature of economic activities, grounded in the existence of multiple borders in the region, while some of these economic activities, such as smuggling & informal touristic tours built around the local post-communist lieux de memoire, are precisely crucial in the reproduction of the local society. Adapted from the source document.

For more than 80 years, the SICPA Group has joined states on all continents, in their struggle against counterfeiting, contraband, and fraud; a struggle that the unprecedented development of illicit markets has rendered more and more difficult. In this interview Phillipe and Marcel Amon discuss the knowledge the last few years of SIPCA's work has produced regarding the dangers of illicit markets and their negative, destabilizing impact on a nation's economy. In particular, the illicit trade in tobacco and alcohol contributes to the worldwide black market, and is used to finance the criminal organizations responsible. The SICPA Group, they maintain, has an important role to play in the development of strategies for the implementation of international regulatory and security measures. W. A. Butler

Examines "gray areas" in Latin America and Central Asia which are emerging as centers of narcotics production and political instability triggered by the rise of local military-criminal coalitions; implications for the international anti-drug effort.

What will Mali do once the French soldiers pack up and hand over to a UN peacekeeping mission, charged with maintaining security until local forces are ready to take up the torch? What will the post-crisis country look like? One thing is sure: it will face a host of challenges. The jihadists of Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb were decisively routed earlier this year, but they will not be quiet for long, and the utmost vigilance is needed. In the long-neglected north of the country, separatist aspirations have not disappeared either: a solution is needed to the age-old issue of the Tuareg. Implementing a national reconciliation process, after a year sullied by the stench of civil war, will be another major headache. Nor will Mali remain peaceful while corruption and drug smuggling continue to take their terrible toll... The future President, to be appointed in the next few months, will have his work cut out for him! Adapted from the source document.

Extent of illegal exports of raw ivory from southern African countries; since the 1970s, chiefly.

Les "Opec boys" revendent à Arua, en Ouganda, du caburant de contrebande acheté au Congo Democratique. Ils sont des acteurs économiques importants, et disposent en outre d'une forte influence politique. Cette seconde économie est aujourd'hui devenue le terrain de négociations incessantes entre eux et les politiciens locaux: d'un côté, les politiciens ont besoin du soutien politique des "Opec boys" et de l'autre, les"Opec boys" ne peuvent se passer de la protection des premiers sans laquelle leur carburant serait confisqué. (Pol afr/GIGA)

Michel Heller, Pamiať : smuggling of history.
The five booklets of Pamiať (Istoricheskii sbornik) represent an important source of information on the political, social and cultural life in the Soviet Union since the time of the revolution and up to our days. The present article aims to acquaint with the contents of these compilations, whilst analyzing the causes of nationalization of history in USSR and the necessity to infringe upon the monopoly of memory reserved to the state.

Explores the relationship of globalization to the spread of transnational crime in Africa, and the criminalization of the African state; topics include the Katangan mining industry in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, smuggling by Mauritanian refugees in Senegal, and drug trafficking in Morocco; 5 articles. Summaries in English p. 192. Contents: La dislocation du secteur minier au Katanga (RDC): pillage ou recomposition? by Benjamin Rubbers; "Frauder" lorsqu'on est réfugié, by Marion Fresia; Économie de la drogue et réseaux de corruption au Maroc, by Philippe Bordes and Alain Labrousse; Réseaux de l'ombre et configurations régionales: le cas du commerce du coltan en République Démocratique du Congo, by Jeroen Cuvelier; Le crime transnational et la formation de l'État, by Jean-François Bayart.

The Sahel region has long had a reputation as a major hub for the transport of cocaine from South America. Indeed, Latin American criminal organizations have seen this vast swath of desert between sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa as an ideal platform for storing and rerouting their merchandise into Europe, its final destination. Of course, smuggling on this scale would not be possible without widespread complicity at high levels - not only in Mali, but also in neighboring countries, most notably Mauritania. While no substantial evidence has been established, the involvement of AQIM fighters is highly likely. The Franco-African intervention in the north of Mali has severely disrupted the current system. However, triumphalist claims about the eradication of these networks, whose offshoots now spread throughout Africa, should be treated with caution. Adapted from the source document.