Suchergebnisse

A discussion of border control in the European Union (EU), where the free movement of persons within the EU is mandated, focuses on the efforts of member states to develop common policies to control "unwanted" migration. Consideration is also given to the impact of the increase in large-scale & sophisticated human smuggling operations. Although there are no accurate estimates of the number of illegal migrants who have been smuggled into the EU, the largest flows have probably been Kurds & Kosovo Albanians fleeing conflicts in their countries. Measures taken by the EU to limit illegal entry are discussed, along with the increasing use of counterfeit documents by illegal migrants, & the role of smugglers in the production of fraudulent documents. It is contended that the high degree of cooperation among EU member states is an indication of the transformation of member state sovereignty in the context of policy formation at the European level; however, it remains to be seen whether EU cooperation will enable member states to control their borders more effectively. J. Lindroth

An introductory chapter notes that human smuggling became officially recognized as a "global problem" in 1998, when several major human smuggling rings were caught, world leaders openly denounced the exploitation of undocumented migrants, & numerous actions were taken, including formation of the US Worker Exploitation Task Force. The wide range of ability, organization, & trustworthiness that exists among smuggling operations is examined, along with the global scope of the contemporary trafficking of people, & the complex human rights issues involved. This volume provides qualitative & quantitative research that explores the historical context, social organizations, & political ramifications of human smuggling as a global phenomenon. It is maintained that the combination of regional research & a comparative global vision offers the best hope for developing sound theories about the diverse contexts of human smuggling. Antismuggling strategies in the US are described, & the need for social scientists to research the complex social dimensions of human smuggling is discussed. A brief synopsis of each chapter is included. 1 Figure, 41 References. J. Lindroth

An introductory chapter notes that human smuggling became officially recognized as a "global problem" in 1998, when several major human smuggling rings were caught, world leaders openly denounced the exploitation of undocumented migrants, & numerous actions were taken, including formation of the US Worker Exploitation Task Force. The wide range of ability, organization, & trustworthiness that exists among smuggling operations is examined, along with the global scope of the contemporary trafficking of people, & the complex human rights issues involved. This volume provides qualitative & quantitative research that explores the historical context, social organizations, & political ramifications of human smuggling as a global phenomenon. It is maintained that the combination of regional research & a comparative global vision offers the best hope for developing sound theories about the diverse contexts of human smuggling. Antismuggling strategies in the US are described, & the need for social scientists to research the complex social dimensions of human smuggling is discussed. A brief synopsis of each chapter is included. 1 Figure, 41 References. J. Lindroth

Explores the persistence of sexual trafficking in Japan & other societies in which precapitalist, community-oriented concepts of gender relations are merged with objectified, capitalist economic developments that endorse commodification of the female body. It is contended that the sexual exploitation of women in brothels & other institutions tolerated by the state helps to preserve societal structures of (re)production. These states impose restrictions on the sex sector while simultaneously furthering its acceptance under the guise of maintaining "law & order." The history of prostitution in Japan is traced from the premodern Edo period to the present. Commodification of women's & children's bodies is compared to the WWII military enslavement of "comfort women" involuntarily taken from colonized/occupied states to fill the sexual needs of soldiers. These "comfort stations" exemplified institutionalized sexual slavery & the patriarchal nature of the Japanese state. The structure of the prostitution sector in the modernized patriarchy is described to show how sexual trafficking adapted to the growing Japanese economy without improving the fate of women working as prostitutes. J. Lindroth

Argues that flawed privatization, state institutional collapse, & emergent organized crime & corruption concomitant with postcommunist economic transition denied women economic opportunities in 1990s Russia. Such opportunities were taken for granted during the Soviet era thanks to guaranteed full employment & educational investment. Women's newfound vulnerability, ie, the feminization of poverty, made them targets for traffickers, who preyed on their desire to seek opportunities abroad. Following a brief history of Soviet-era prostitution, the scope of postcommunist trafficking is defined. Trafficking in women is handled by large & small organized crime groups who employ similar mechanisms across the former socialist countries & are characterized by violence among competitors & inhumane treatment of the women they traffic. The weak law enforcement response is addressed, finding that lack of experience & the Soviet legacy of corruption combine to thwart police & prosecutors from tackling the problem. The collapse of the USSR saw the disappearance of women's employment & educational access as well as the social safety net, but organized crime & corruption from the Soviet era flourished, with traffickers making huge profits on women's postcommunist hardships. J. Zendejas

"Border Politics in Africa" published on by Oxford University Press.

"Transnational Organized Crime and Terrorism" published on by Oxford University Press.

"Crime: The Illicit Global Political Economy" published on by Oxford University Press.